Q&A Hero

Q: Describe two types of internal listening distractions, and explain how they detract from a communication situation.

Q: What is the difference between an internal listening distraction and an external listening distraction?

Q: How does monologue differ from dialogic communication?

Q: How can developing listening skills during speeches help you as a speaker?

Q: The anxiety stop-time technique is a useful way to address A) preparation anxiety. B) communication apprehension. C) pre-performance anxiety. D) performance anxiety.

Q: The tendency of speakers to think the anxiety they feel is more noticeable than it appears is called A) the fight or flight response. B) trait anxiety. C) performance anxiety. D) the illusion of transparency.

Q: Activating the relaxation response through techniques such as meditation or stress-control breathing can A) help you confront a threat head-on. B) help you make a hasty escape from a threat. C) increase the sensations from the fight or flight response. D) improve how you respond to stress.

Q: Which of the following is not true of visualizing? A) It can strengthen your positive attitude. B) It is a highly effective technique for building public speaking confidence. C) It involves the mental exercise of seeing yourself give a successful speech. D) It involves physically going through the motions of giving your speech.

Q: If English is not a speaker's first language, which of the following should the speaker do? A) Speak as quickly as possible. B) Learn and incorporate jargon. C) Practice difficult words in English. D) Avoid all words from his or her native tongue.

Q: Each of these is a successful strategy for gaining public speaking confidence except A) keeping the illusion of transparency in mind. B) avoiding movement during the speech. C) using the anxiety stop-time technique. D) practicing the speech.

Q: ______ anxiety refers to the tendency to be anxious much of the time versus only in unusual situations. A) Trait B) Speech C) Performance D) Preparation

Q: For most people _____ is most common. A) pre-preparation anxiety B) preparation anxiety C) pre-performance anxiety D) performance anxiety

Q: ________ is a technique for combating pre-performance anxiety in which you allow your anxiety to present itself for up to a few minutes until you declare time for confidence to step in so you can proceed with your practice. A) Nervousness alleviation B) Communication release C) Anxiety stop-time D) Stress-control breathing

Q: Tyson began to panic as soon as his instructor gave the speech assignment to the class. Tyson experienced A) pre-preparation anxiety. B) preparation anxiety. C) pre-performance anxiety. D) performance anxiety.

Q: Many people have anxiety about public speaking because they feel A) unattractive B) equal rather than superior to the audience. C) different. D) as if they do not stand out.

Q: Which of the following is most likely to cause someone to avoid public speaking altogether? A) lack of positive experience B) disagreement on current issue C) being the center of attention D) lack of quality subjects

Q: A situation-specific social anxiety that arises from real or anticipated enactment of an oral presentation is known as A) psychological apprehension. B) communication agitation. C) public speaking anxiety. D) stage fright.

Q: Research shows you can eliminate the physiological reactions that result from the fight or flight response by activating a relaxation response using techniques such as meditation and controlled breathing. A) True B) False

Q: The relaxation response is the opposite of fight or flight. A) True B) False

Q: The anxiety stop-time technique is a good way to prevent anxiety. A) True B) False

Q: Speakers should avoid exercising the day of their speeches. A) True B) False

Q: Speech evaluations by others are usually more objective than self-evaluations. A) True B) False

Q: A speaker's movement serves to relieve tension and help hold the audience's attention. A) True B) False

Q: It is recommended that speakers stand still behind a podium and not walk around. A) True B) False

Q: Stage one of stress-control breathing involves using a soothing word such as calm or relax. A) True B) False

Q: Visualization involves imagining what could go wrong with your speech so that you can address and eliminate possible errors in advance. A) True B) False

Q: Having a positive attitude toward speechmaking results in excitement, which results in a raised heart rate during delivery of a speech. A) True B) False

Q: Preparation and practice can help you develop a quality speech, but it cannot help to reduce public speaking anxiety. A) True B) False

Q: Low trait-anxious people are generally most nervous when starting a speech but gain confidence throughout the speech. A) True B) False

Q: People with high trait anxiety experience nervousness only in unusual situations, such as public speaking. A) True B) False

Q: For most people, anxiety tends to be highest during the introduction of the actual speech. A) True B) False

Q: Pre-preparation anxiety occurs when a speaker rehearses the speech. A) True B) False

Q: The onset of public speaking anxiety can occur as early as when a speaker first learns that he or she will have to give a speech. A) True B) False

Q: Speakers can compensate for a lack of objectivity about their own speaking by practicing in front of a mirror. A) True B) False

Q: Lack of experience and lack of positive experience with speaking both generally increase a speaker's public speaking anxiety. A) True B) False

Q: Public speaking anxiety, or PSA, is defined as a speaker's fear or anxiety associated with actual communication to an audience. A) True B) False

Q: Nervousness while speaking is disruptive whether or not it shows, so speakers should take steps to eliminate it. A) True B) False

Q: Identify the relaxation technique that is most helpful to you as a public speaker. Explain how it has helped you or how you think it could help you.

Q: Discuss two relaxation techniques that public speakers can use to help reduce public speaking anxiety.

Q: Write a brief account of how you can use visualization to build public speaking confidence.

Q: Name two of the four points at which public speaking anxiety can occur in the speechmaking process.

Q: Pinpoint which of the four points in the speechmaking process creates the most anxiety for you, and describe which of the confidence-building strategies mentioned in your textbook you would be the most effective way to address it. Explain why.

Q: Explain how being the center of attention can contribute to an uncomfortable speech situation.

Q: Explain why public speaking is such a source of anxiety for most people.

Q: One way to prepare for more fluid but controlled __________ during delivery is to exercise a few hours before your speech.

Q: A form of breathing in which you feel more movement in the stomach than in the chest is called ______ breathing.

Q: As Bizhi prepares to give her speech, she mentally pictures herself giving a successful speecha confidence-building technique called ______.

Q: People with high _______ are naturally anxious most of the time.

Q: The onset of nervousness that occurs during the rehearsal of a speech is called ______ anxiety.

Q: Katarina experienced ______ anxiety as soon as she first learned that she had to give a speech.

Q: Lack of positive public speaking experience, feeling different from the audience, and uneasiness about being the center of attention can lead to ______.

Q: One of the most effective ways to evaluate your speech and bolster confidence during rehearsals is to ________ your speech.

Q: A chart that summarizes important information and an audio recording are both examples of ______.

Q: Speakers should familiarize themselves with both ______ outlines and speaking outlines.

Q: In an outline, ______ comprise the substance of the main points and are identified by their placement below and to the right of the points they support.

Q: In an outline, ______ points are of equal importance and are indicated by their parallel alignment.

Q: The major part of a speech that contains the main ideas and supporting material is the ______.

Q: Unless you are speaking about yourself, plan to research your topic to find ______ that provides evidence for your assertions.

Q: After a speaker has identified the general and specific purposes of the speech, he or she should then write a concise ______ statement that identifies the central idea the speech is trying to communicate (what the speech is about).

Q: A(n) ______ speech purpose states what you expect the speech to accomplish.

Q: To inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion are ______ speech purposes.

Q: The process of ______ helps to determine how receptive the audience will be toward a given topic.

Q: Unless your topic has been assigned, selecting a topic is the ______ step in preparing a speech.

Q: Explain how using audio and video recorders during speech rehearsals can bolster speaker confidence.

Q: Discuss the importance of rehearsing a speech.

Q: Explain the difference between a working outline and a speaking outline.

Q: What is the principle of coordination and subordination?

Q: Identify the functions of the introduction, body, and conclusion.

Q: How does supporting material help to illustrate the main points of a speech?

Q: What makes a good thesis statement?

Q: How can a speaker analyze the audience?

Q: List the two factors a speaker should take into account when selecting a topic.

Q: List the ten steps in the speechmaking process.

Q: Topic selection will always be the second step in the speechmaking process, right after audience analysis. A) True B) False

Q: To deliver an effective speech, speakers should practice at least two times. A) True B) False

Q: In speechmaking, evidence and support are synonymous terms. A) True B) False

Q: Presentation aids are also referred to as visual aids. A) True B) False

Q: Speaking outlines generally contain points stated in complete sentences. A) True B) False

Q: Speakers need a working outline or a speaking outline, but not both. A) True B) False

Q: Every main point or subpoint should have at least two other points coordinate to it. A) True B) False