Q&A Hero

Q: Speakers should reiterate both the topic and the ______ to imprint it on the audience's memory.

Q: The ______ provides the speaker a final opportunity to leave the desired impression and further build a relationship with the audience.

Q: Discuss how a speaker can make a conclusion memorable.

Q: Explain how a challenge issued during a conclusion varies for an informative and a persuasive speech.

Q: How can a speaker signal the close of a speech and provide closure?

Q: Name three guidelines for preparing a conclusion.

Q: List three functions of a conclusion.

Q: Speakers can bring a speech full circle by A) talking in circular logic. B) summarizing the speech's main points. C) asking audience members to share personal stories. D) issuing a challenge.

Q: A concluding challenge by a speaker that asks an audience to act in response to the speech or change their beliefs or actions is called a A) persuasive attempt. B) call to action. C) reiteration. D) signpost.

Q: Consider the saying, Tell them what you are going to tell them, tell them, and tell them what you told them. What part of the conclusion serves to tell them what you told them? A) the call to action B) the signal that the audience is coming to an end C) review of the main points D) reiteration of the thesis or central idea

Q: When the speaker reiterates each main point in the conclusion, audience members A) feel a sense of completion. B) secretly hope that the speech will hurry up and end. C) ask the speaker to review the supporting points. D) can fill out a speech evaluation form.

Q: The conclusion should comprise about ______ of the speech. A) one-half B) one-third C) one-sixth D) one-eighth

Q: What part of the conclusion brings the speech full circle and gives the audience a sense of completion? A) the challenge B) restatement of points C) the call to action D) reiteration of the topic and speech purpose

Q: Starting a story in the introduction and finishing it in the conclusion is called A) bifurcating. B) splitting. C) bookending. D) forking.

Q: Telling a story or anecdote in your conclusion is one way to make it memorable. A) True B) False

Q: A challenge is included in the conclusion to a persuasive speech but not an informative speech. A) True B) False

Q: The main points of a speech should be emphasized three times. A) True B) False

Q: Bookending is a conclusion technique in which the speaker comes back to a story or idea mentioned in the introduction. A) True B) False

Q: A short concluding story, or anecdote, can bring the entire speech into focus and can help the audience visualize the speech. A) True B) False

Q: The conclusion, more than other parts of the speech, can contain words that inspire and motivate. A) True B) False

Q: Rhetorical questions are great choices for introductions, but they should not be used in conclusions. A) True B) False

Q: Quotations, stories, and questions are appropriate ways to conclude a speech. A) True B) False

Q: In informative speeches, the concluding challenge comes in the form of a call to action. A) True B) False

Q: A strong conclusion challenges audience members to put to use what the speaker has taught them. A) True B) False

Q: Once you have signaled you are concluding your speech, your audience expects you to finish up in short order. A) True B) False

Q: A speaker can effectively signal closure by adjusting the manner of delivery. A) True B) False

Q: A transition statement or phrase, such as finally or in summary, is one way to alert the audience that a speech is coming to an end. A) True B) False

Q: You should outline the conclusion in both full-sentence and key-word form. A) True B) False

Q: As a general rule, the conclusion should comprise about one-third of the entire speech. A) True B) False

Q: The conclusion of a speech should be prepared before the speech body. A) True B) False

Q: If you rehearse enough, you will not need to include your conclusion in your speaking outline. A) True B) False

Q: Unlike introductions, which have a number of elements, conclusions have only one. A) True B) False

Q: In an introduction, using a quotation from someone who is not famous will likely discredit the speaker. A) True B) False

Q: The first challenge any speaker faces in developing an introduction is to win the audience's attention. A) True B) False

Q: The introduction should be prepared after the speech body is completed. A) True B) False

Q: A speaker should wait until the introduction is over to reveal the topic and purpose. A) True B) False

Q: Audience members decide in the first several minutes of a speech whether they will give their full attention to the speaker and believe what he or she has to say. A) True B) False

Q: The choices a speaker makes about the introduction of a speech can affect the outcome of the entire speech. A) True B) False

Q: The introduction and the conclusion of the speech are more important than the body. A) True B) False

Q: A final function of the introduction is to _______ the audience to accept your goals.

Q: The technique of ______ the main points helps the audience mentally organize the speech.

Q: By stating their qualifications in a speech introduction, speakers help build their ______.

Q: You should use the introduction to alert listeners to the speech topic and ______.

Q: Speakers can establish common ground by referring to the audience or the ______.

Q: When using ______ in an introduction, the speaker should keep in mind that it should match the audience, topic, purpose, and occasion, and should not belittle others.

Q: Questions that do not invite actual responses are called ______ questions.

Q: Brief stories of interesting, entertaining, or real-life incidents are called ______.

Q: Used to introduce a speech, a(n) ______ can be culled from literature, poetry, film, or individuals.

Q: The speaker's first step in the speech introduction is to gain the audience's ______.

Q: Why is it so important for a speaker to use the introduction to establish the relevance of the topic to the audience?

Q: How can a speaker establish his or her credibility in an introduction?

Q: Give an example of referring to the occasion in the introduction of a speech.

Q: How can a speaker express a genuine interest in the audience during the introduction?

Q: List three tips that a speaker should keep in mind when using humor in a speech.

Q: Identify some potential drawbacks to polling audience members.

Q: Give an example of a rhetorical question used to introduce a speech.

Q: Discuss the advantages of using quotations during an introduction.

Q: List at least three ways to gain audience attention.

Q: Explain why the introduction should be written after the speech body.

Q: List three functions of an effective introduction.

Q: Why is it important for speakers to prepare the introduction just as thoroughly as they prepare the speech body?

Q: Statistics are most often used in speech introductions to A) create humor. B) ask a polling question. C) offer unusual information. D) establish your credibility.

Q: To build credibility in the speech's introduction, a speaker should establish his or her A) logos. B) pathos. C) ethos. D) mythos.

Q: What kind of humor should always be strictly avoided? A) dry humor B) humor that belittles others C) puns D) limericks

Q: For speech introductions, some of the most effective startling statements are based in A) statistics. B) humor. C) attitudes. D) personality.

Q: How many of you know how to speak Klingon? is a(n) A) rhetorical question. B) polling question. C) open-ended question. D) loaded question.

Q: When planning to poll the audience during the introduction, speakers should do which of the following? A) Prepare a vague question to inspire varied responses. B) Perform an audience analysis. C) Plan to base the speech's main points on the responses. D) Plan time for the audience to ask questions during the introduction.

Q: Speechwriter and language expert William Safire remarked that stories are A) our hearts laid bare. B) surefire attention getters. C) deeply rooted remnants of childhood. D) the true windows to our souls.

Q: In her speech about friendship, Becky opened her speech by stating, As Vanessa Smith has written, 'Many people will walk in and out of your life, but only true friends will leave footprints in your heart.' Becky began her introduction by using A) repetition. B) unusual information. C) a quotation. D) a story.

Q: Generally, the introduction should be brief and occupy no more than ______ percent of the overall speech. A) 5 to 10 B) 10 to 15 C) 15 to 20 D) 20 to 25

Q: An effective introduction should A) introduce the speech topic and purpose. B) comprise at least 25 percent of your total speech. C) be prepared before the body of the speech. D) provide a detailed biography of the speaker.

Q: One function of a speech introduction is to A) arouse the audience's attention. B) provide an in-depth discussion of the topic. C) review and discuss all the main points of a speech. D) describe your qualifications in detail.

Q: Communicating respect for your audience's best interests demonstrates positive logos. A) True B) False

Q: The credibility statement in your speech's introduction should emphasize experience, knowledge, or perspective you have that is different or more extensive than that of your audience. A) True B) False

Q: There is no universally appreciated joke. A) True B) False

Q: As you are previewing your main points in the introduction to your speech, you should include some information of substance on each one to give the audience an idea of what they will be learning. A) True B) False

Q: It is best to let the audience figure out for themselves that your topic is relevant to them, as they are unlikely to believe you if you try to explain why it is. A) True B) False

Q: Previewing helps the audience mentally organize a speech. A) True B) False

Q: When speakers use the technique of previewing in an introduction, they state the main points of the speech as well as the order in which they will be addressed. A) True B) False

Q: To build credibility in the introduction, a speaker should make a simple statement of his or her qualifications for speaking on the topic. A) True B) False