Q&A Hero

Q: _______________ imagery simply requires the use of your imagination and is a successful technique that you can do on your own.

Q: Speaking notes should be as brief as possible, preferably an outline using keywords or phrases.

Q: Taking a public speaking course is a form of _______________ training.

Q: You must practice your speech physically, but you can generally assume your technology will work.

Q: One key to the speakers such as journalist Mike Wallace and talk show host Katie Couric speaking well despite anxiety is that they learned to view situational anxiety as the normal excitement necessary for _______________ speaking.

Q: Select a broad topic (other than the example provided in the text) that could be developed into either a demonstration or informational speech. Indicate how each would be developed, including what visuals you might use. Which approach do you think would be most effective? Why?

Q: A speakers credibility depends less on logical proof and more on: a. the listeners perception of the speaker b. the listeners understanding of the topic c. the speakers ability to provide supporting material d. the listening abilities of the audience.

Q: List the tools that are effective in aiding understanding and memory for informative speeches. Choose two of these tools and provide a definition of each. When are these tools most effective to use?

Q: Using the guidelines in the text, develop five well-worded statements you could use in applying positive imagery.

Q: Why would you want to analyze the demographic characteristics of your audience? a. To know their general opinions of you as a speaker. b. To make the speech relevant and beneficial to them. c. To find out if they will be neutral to my topic. d. To determine what kinds of visual aids will be most effective.

Q: People from all cultures experience the same level of communicator anxiety.

Q: A vivid, detailed description you paint using words is called a: a. description. b. narration. c. definition. d. information.

Q: People who feel comfortable expressing themselves are perceived as more competent, make a better impression during job interviews, and are more likely to be promoted to supervisory positions than anxious people are.

Q: Which organizational pattern is used most often in informative speeches? a. chronological b. geographical c. topical d. causal

Q: When using visual aids like Power Point you should use complete sentences and read to your audience.

Q: The key component of unintentional plagiarism, as demonstrated by its inclusion in every example of plagiarism, is: a. not citing the source you use, regardless of whether or not you paraphrase the information or use it word-for-word b. paraphrasing information from a source to use in your speech c. taking information word-for-word from a source to use in your speech d. using information from any online site or blog to use in your speech

Q: The current view of trait anxiety is that it is both inborn and learned.

Q: One of the primary differences between informative and persuasive speeches is the speakers goal.

Q: Describe the difference between situational and trait anxiety. Why is situational anxiety more common?

Q: When giving a demonstration speech, you should merely tell the audience how to do something, but never attempt to actually show them.

Q: List and briefly explain four of the techniques discussed in the text for managing situational anxiety.

Q: Informational speeches generally cover topics not appropriate for demonstration speeches.

Q: List and briefly explain the three steps in mastering positive imagery.

Q: Demonstration speeches promote understanding-knowing.

Q: Feeling apprehensive about public speaking is normal.

Q: A speaker gave a speech about the effects of second-hand smoke. As a result, three audience members chose not to smoke when in the company of non-smoking friends. The speech would be best categorized as: a. purely informational b. purely persuasive c. indirectly persuasive d. demonstration

Q: According to the text, the subconscious works to: a. tell the difference between what you have actually done and what you have only imagined yourself doing. b. help you force yourself to do what you are not sure you can do. c. keep us true to our picture of ourselves. d. all of the above

Q: Effective speakers do all of the following except: a. use tact, allowing the audience to retain feelings of self-worth. b. distort facts on visual aids to prove a point. c. avoid exaggerated or embellished facts. d. express ideas in a clear and easy-to-understand manner.

Q: Which of the following is the best example of a well-worded positive statement? a. I want to speak with greater enthusiasm b. I will try to use gestures that are smooth and natural c. I do not handle visual aids clumsily d. I am relaxed when I speak to large groups

Q: What should you do when an object is not large enough to be seen by your entire audience? a. pass it around b. show photographs c. choose a different topic d. all of the above

Q: If you read aloud and do some stretching before you speak, you are doing which of the following? a. warming up b. planning an introduction c. deep breathing d. practicing

Q: The focus of an informational speech is all of the following except: a. convince the audience to accept a new perspective b. increasing awareness about the latest information on a topic c. promoting understanding of a difficult concept d. promoting understanding of an unfamiliar term

Q: The final step in using positive imagery is to: a. compare yourself to speakers superior to you b. compare yourself to speakers inferior to you c. avoid comparing yourself to other speakers d. avoid borrowing techniques from other speakers

Q: A speaker gives a speech about how to take better vacation photographs. The main points of the speech are what equipment to use, how to compose a shot involving only landscape, and how to compose a shot including people. The speakers visuals include two different kinds of cameras, several lenses, and several enlarged photographs on transparencies, which show good and bad examples of composition. This speech is best categorized as: a. informational b. persuasive c. indirectly persuasive d. demonstration

Q: When you picture yourself as a successful speaker, do all of the following EXCEPT: a. keep a loud volume and a steady voice. b. sound dynamic. c. concentrate on yourself rather than the audience . d. use meaningful gestures.

Q: According to the text, a narration or story has two important qualities: a. factual and concise b. probability and fidelity c. technical and reliable d. complex and truthful

Q: Relaxation with deep breathing involves: a. tensing and relaxing each muscle group from your head to your toes as you inhale through the nose and slowly exhale through the mouth. b. relaxing and staying relaxed as you visualize anxiety-producing situations. c. slowly breathing while challenging irrational thoughts. d. concentrating on a point on the wall while inhaling through the nose and slowly exhaling through the mouth.

Q: The first step in preparing an informative speech should be: a. research the topic b. determine the topic c. organize the main points d. analyze the audience

Q: A negative history of public speaking can create trait anxiety about public speaking in a person.

Q: When analyzing the audience, you should try to find out these things except: a. demographics b. attitudes, beliefs or values c. friendly, neutral, uninterested, hostile d. what they have been doing before your presentation

Q: The current view of trait anxiety is that it is: a. inborn b. learned c. both inborn and learned d. neither inborn nor learned

Q: A(n) _______________ speech is not memorized or written out word for word; it is developed and presented from brief notes.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a way to manage situational anxiety? a. prepare b. practice c. concentrate on meaning d. use negative imagery

Q: _______________ words are concrete rather than abstract.

Q: Careful preparation for a presentation can reduce anxiety as much as: a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 10%

Q: _______________ speeches are usually given by politicians and top-level business and professional people who often give copies of their speeches ahead of time to the media.

Q: When you practice your speech, it is best to: a. always practice out loud b. practice the speech in your head c. read the speech several times silently d. read the notes you have taken and speak without practice

Q: _______________ words describe intangible concepts that are difficult to picture.

Q: The mental energy that you use when you practice positive imagery has many of the same effects as: a. professional interventions b. therapy c. physical action d. a good nights rest

Q: _______________ are body movements and gestures that are so specific that they easily replace a word or idea.

Q: Instead of worrying about looks or impressions, it is better to: a. concentrate on not losing your concentration. b. concentrate on getting your meaning across. c. concentrate on your grade. d. concentrate on entertaining the audience.

Q: An informative speech is meant to do all of the following except: a. introduce the latest information about a topic b. deepen your listeners knowledge of a complicated term c. aid your listeners mastery of a skill d. influence choices or opinions

Q: All of the following are true of positive imagery except: a. it involves creating vivid, detailed mental images. b. feelings, such as pride or confidence, will not occur until the situation actually exists. c. it can affect brain waves, heart rate, and other physiological responses in much the same way the actual event would. e. it can be applied to other anxiety-producing situations as well as to public speaking.

Q: Briefly discuss the importance of vocal variety and the effect each can have on the audience.

Q: The internal anxiety that a speaker bring to the speaking situation is called: a. situational anxiety b. state anxiety c. trait anxiety d. combination anxiety

Q: A good speaker will use long, technical words to impress the audience.

Q: Why is practicing your speech important to aid your delivery? Explain your answer. Provide suggestions for how you can practice more effectively.

Q: Which of the 11 types of beginning speeches would you most like to give? Why? Which would you least like to give? Why?

Q: Ambiguous words can be unethical when used deliberately to sway an audience.

Q: The Greeks and Romans studied _______________, the art of persuasive public speaking.

Q: It is important to keep your volume consistent throughout your speech.

Q: _______________ speeches can demonstrate how to do or make something.

Q: Immediacy behaviors work to decrease the psychological distance between a speaker and the listeners.

Q: _______________ provides a personal benefit that ensures continued audience attention.

Q: Correct pronunciation is also known as emphasis.

Q: _______________ is verbal, visual, and vocal responses to messages.

Q: List the four methods of delivery. For each method: A. Give one example of when the method would be appropriate B. Give two drawbacks of the method C. Give one advantage of the method D. Give one guideline for effective use of the method In your opinion, which method is usually the most effective? Why?

Q: The time, place, and physical and social surroundings within which you give a speech is known as _______________.

Q: List and briefly explain the four reasons why word choice is important.

Q: Isocrates, who was a Greek contemporary of Plato and Aristotle: a. possessed an impressive speaking voice that could be heard by large crowds. b. suffered from speaker anxiety and had a voice that would not project. c. had no impact on the study of public speaking. d. started an unsuccessful school of rhetoric.

Q: Speaking from a manuscript is much harder than speaking extemporaneously from notes.

Q: What is a "frame of reference?" Discuss how a person's frame of reference affects the way messages are encoded and decoded. Give specific examples.

Q: The behaviors a speaker uses to promote a sense of closeness and personal interaction with audience members are known as the speakers (pp. 209-210) a. verbal delivery style b. live silence c. immediacy behaviors d. oral style

Q: A speech on increasing the size of campus parking lots would be an example of a persuasive speech.

Q: Immediacy is achieved by: a. verbal behaviors b. visual behaviors c. vocal behavior d. all of the above

Q: A public speaker sends and receives messages simultaneously.

Q: All of the following are examples of verbal behaviors which promote immediacy except: a. referring to the group as you or your b. use of appropriate humor c. praising or congratulating individuals d. asking for opinions or questions

Q: Motivation triggers and directs audience attention to your topic.

Q: All of the following are examples of visual behaviors which promote immediacy except: a. eye contact that is direct and sustained b. formal gestures used primarily for emphasis c. smiling at individuals and to the whole group at appropriate times d. relaxed posture and movement

Q: A vocal code includes pitch, tone of voice, and rate of speaking.