Speech

Q: Choose three types of special occasion speeches and compare and contrast the strategies used to prepare each one. Be sure to include information about pattern of organization, content, and delivery in your discussion.

Q: Which pattern of organization is especially good for tributes? a. pro-con b. spatial c. chronological d. cause-effect e. statement of reasons

Q: Which statement provides good advice for giving a toast? a. Be brief and end with sincere best wishes. b. Use a statement of reasons pattern of organization. c. Use a criteria-satisfaction pattern of organization. d. Provide detailed background about the person being honored. e. Provide who, what, when, and where information.

Q: For which type of special occasion speech is the wave pattern most appropriate? a. introductions b. eulogies c. tributes d. toasts e. nominations

Q: In which situation is a eulogy typically delivered? a. at a staff meeting b. at a funeral c. at an awards ceremony d. at a guest lecture e. at a luncheon

Q: In which situation is a toast typically delivered? a. weddings or anniversaries b. reunions or holidays c. birthdays d. graduation days e. All of these choices are correct.

Q: When you present an award, its a good idea to talk about the award itself. a. True b. False

Q: For which type of speech is the exemplum pattern used? a. toasts b. inspirational speeches c. farewells d. introductions e. eulogies

Q: When you work in international organizations, its a good general rule to give awards to individuals who achieve more than their peers. a. True b. False

Q: Exemplum speeches are built around ________ a. facts and statistics b. personal experiences c. quotations or proverbs d. humorous narratives e. political arguments

Q: Nominations are short persuasive speeches. a. True b. False

Q: Identify and describe the five characteristics of commemorative speeches.

Q: A criteria-satisfaction pattern works well for nominations. a. True b. False

Q: Identify and describe the five main elements in an exemplum speech.

Q: When actors win an Oscar award, they should give a lengthy speech thanking everyone who helped them succeed. a. True b. False

Q: Speeches that praise the qualities of a person, thing, or event are called tributes. a. True b. False

Q: Tears escaped from Norma's eyes during the eulogy she delivered, but the audience responded well because, given the circumstance, she behaved appropriately. a. True b. False

Q: The purpose of commemorative speeches is to inspire and reinforce beliefs and values. a. True b. False

Q: For which types of special occasion speeches is it most appropriate to express sadness and appreciation? a. introductions and nominations b. eulogies and farewells c. tributes and nominations d. toasts and introductions e. eulogies and announcements

Q: For which type of speech is it important to provide details regarding time, place, cost, and so on? a. introductions b. farewell speeches c. tributes d. announcements e. nominations

Q: Which statement provides the best advice for making a nomination? a. Give as detailed a biography of the nominee as possible. b. Express your heartfelt good wishes for the nominee. c. List the reasons why the nominee is the right choice for the office. d. Choose a pro-con pattern of organization. e. At the end of the nomination, say a ritual phrase such as "to your happiness."

Q: Introductions function to integrate newcomers into a group. a. True b. False

Q: Farewell speeches are not necessary or helpful when saying good-bye to highly unpopular individuals. a. True b. False

Q: Each new generation of an organization must create its own myths, symbols, and ceremonies, because we dispose of these relics from former generations. a. True b. False

Q: Using humorous anecdotes is a useful element to include in your speech when bidding farewell to a departing person. a. True b. False

Q: Essential to announcements are details regarding who, what, when,and where the event takes place. a. True b. False

Q: In which stock issue related to policy claims does the speaker describe the cause of the problem being addressed? a. harm b. blame c. cure d. solvency e. cost

Q: According to the _____________, if our behaviors fail to match our beliefs, we typically experience discomfort until we either alter our beliefs to match our behaviors or alter our behaviors to match our beliefs. a. Aristotles persuasive theory. b. the Theory of Reasoned action. c. classical Roman rhetorical theory. d. cognitive dissonance theory. e. Athabaskan theory of behavior.

Q: In the Theory of Reasoned Action, which of the following is true? a. Attitudes include a mental and an emotional component. b. Subjective norms are perceptions of what significant people think we should do. c. Perceived behavioral control is our opinion about whether or not we can do something. d. All of these are correct.

Q: In which part of Monroe's motivates sequence does the speaker ask the audience to imagine the future both if they enact the speaker's proposal and if they fail to do so? a. attention step b. need step c. satisfaction step d. visualization step e. action step

Q: List the four stock issues related to policy claims and describe how each is incorporated into a speech.

Q: List the five steps in Monroe's Motivated Sequence and describe how each step can be addressed in a persuasive speech.

Q: Describe the elements of the Toulmin Model of Reasoning, and explain how each element functions within a persuasive speech. Use examples from a controversial topic of your choosing to illustrate each aspect of the model.

Q: Give advice on how a speaker should modify his or her approach based on audience attitudes toward your claim.

Q: Compare and contrast the recommended strategies for convincing about facts, convincing about values, and convincing about policy.

Q: The integrative function of special occasion speeches binds an organizations members together around shared goals. a. True b. False

Q: "The U.S. government should stay out of Mexican politics" is _________ a. a claim of fact. b. a claim of prediction. c. a value claim. d. a policy claim. e. a debatable point.

Q: "Tuition costs should stay the same" is ________ a. a factual claim. b. an opinion that most students hold. c. a value claim. d. a policy claim for the status quo. e. a policy claim against the status quo.

Q: Persuasive speeches can be made about ________ a. claims of fact but not value claims. b. claims of value or policy, but not both in the same speech. c. claims arguing for but not against status quo policies. d. factual, value, and policy claims. e. factual and policy claims only.

Q: Which part of the Toulmin model consists of the materials used to support your claims, such as facts and statistics? a. grounds b. qualifiers c. warrant d. backing e. rebuttal

Q: If you use a warrant that isnt broadly understood, you should ________ a. use culturally appropriate topics. b. find an audience that will agree with your claims. c. use words like always and never. d. collect more backing for support. e. work on your rebuttal rather than developing strong backing.

Q: What should you do while facing an audience that rejects your proposals? a. Start with a strong appeal to negative emotions. b. Rely on objective data to make a clear case. c. Approach the subject indirectly by establishing common ground. d. Focus on providing information to help them revise their opinion. e. Be assertive in challenging their preconceived ideas of the issue.

Q: The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) assumes that we are rational and make decisions based on ethical principles, not what our friends and family would think of our actions. a. True b. False

Q: According to the Theory of Reasoned Action, as we reason, we take into account our ability to do a behavior. a. True b. False

Q: Monroes Motivated Sequence is a modification of the comparative advantages pattern. a. True b. False

Q: It is important to provide both emotional and logical reasons for behaviors when you are trying to persuade someone to take action. a. True b. False

Q: The organizational pattern of Monroes Motivated Sequence is an especially good choice for a sales speech. a. True b. False

Q: Which is NOT a question to ask yourself when you choose a persuasive topic? a. What ideas or issues would I argue for or against? b. What ideas or issues do I feel neutral toward? c. What changes would I like to see in society? d. What can make life more meaningful for myself and others? e. What practices enrich my life?

Q: "Driving an SUV is wrong" is ________ a. a claim of fact. b. a claim of prediction. c. a value claim. d. a policy claim. e. a causal claim.

Q: "A high protein diet is better for you than a high carbohydrate diet" is a _________ claim. a. factual b. classification c. value d. policy e. causal

Q: It is most vital to establish common ground with audiences that are neutral toward your claim. a. True b. False

Q: When you face listeners who are neutral toward your claim, ask why. a. True b. False

Q: When audiences are apathetic, use emotional appeals to make them care about your topic. a. True b. False

Q: The criteria-satisfaction pattern is ineffective for arguing a value claim. a. True b. False

Q: Of the four stock issues related to policy claims, cure is the part of the plan in which you weight the advantages and disadvantages. a. True b. False

Q: If you want your audience to stop eating meat, your persuasive goal is to actuate. a. True b. False

Q: Cognitive dissonance is a motivational factor that often prompts people to change in order to avoid inconsistency. a. True b. False

Q: Overall, perceived behavioral control is the number one factor that influences our decision to act. a. True b. False

Q: "Our university should offer a study abroad program" is a policy claim. a. True b. False

Q: When you argue for the status quo, you are appealing for change. a. True b. False

Q: To avoid diluting your argument, it is best to make a single claim in a speech. a. True b. False

Q: In the Toulmin model of reasoning, it is best to avoid limiting terms such as in most cases and, instead, rely on more decisive words such as always or never. a. True b. False

Q: Assumptions, justifications or logical links that allow your audience to connect your evidence with your claim are called assertions. a. True b. False

Q: Since not all listeners will agree with you, you should have rebuttals prepared ahead of time. a. True b. False

Q: List and briefly define four kinds of logical fallacies.

Q: The textbook identified four types of rational proofs. Choose three types, describe each of them, explain how to tests each of them, and provide examples for each.

Q: Develop an example in which you show the distinction between inductive and deductive reasoning.

Q: You use emotional appeals in an argument with your roommate. Your roommate says youre overreacting and that you should be rational about your disagreement. Explain how emotions can act as good reasons.

Q: Aristotle believed that ethos is the most important form of reasoning. Explain why this might be so and describe ways to increase a speakers ethos.

Q: Scholars argue that reasoning by _________ is universal and typical of African and African-American speakers. a. metaphor b. causal c. deductive d. parallel case e. inductive

Q: Explain how invitational rhetoric works, including a description of the three principles involved and the two different forms it usually takes.

Q: A speaker who argues that a scholarship program for debaters would succeed in your college because a similar program worked well in another college is using ________. a. a syllogism b. induction c. cause to effect reasoning d. effect to cause reasoning e. parallel case reasoning

Q: Explain the Theory of Reasoned Action by giving an example to show how it works in actual situations.

Q: Making a generalization from specific examples is called ________ a. deductive reasoning. b. inductive reasoning. c. causal reasoning. d. problem-solution reasoning. e. a logical fallacy.

Q: When selecting your persuasive topic, you should choose a topic that you are not attached to in some way. a. True b. False

Q: A speaker who argues that a scholarship program for debaters would succeed in your small private college because a similar program worked well in a large state university should consider if the ________ a. case is a metaphor or a literal analogy. b. two situations are alike in essential details. c. cases contrast enough to be meaningful. d. situation is fundamentally dialogical enough to be convincing. e. comparison uses deductive or inductive reasoning.

Q: All cultures follow the same pattern of ethos, pathos, and logos used for persuasion in the United States. a. True b. False

Q: Carol has a friend who likes University X. On a visit to the campus, she meets forty students, all but one of whom like the university--and that one simply doesnt like school in general. She concludes from these examples that University X is a good school. This is an example of ________ a. parallel case reasoning. b. using a syllogism. c. induction. d. deduction. e. reasoning by metaphor.

Q: "Eating foods rich in antioxidants will slow the aging process in your body" is an example of a claim of fact. a. True b. False

Q: Madeleine LEngle writes good books. This is a book by Ms. LEngle; therefore, it will be good. This is an example of ________ a. reasoning from analogy. b. deduction. c. induction. d. reasoning from cause to effect. e. reasoning by parallel case.

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