Q&A Hero

Q: Women are more likely than men to use coercive tactics, both verbal and physical, to avoid discussing problems and to force their resolutions on others. a. True b. False

Q: Passive aggression involves a person acting aggressively while denying that he or she is feeling or acting aggressive. a. True b. False

Q: Cross-complaining occurs when one persons complaint is met by a countercomplaint. a. True b. False

Q: Conflict involves more than just having differences. a. True b. False

Q: Disagreement and conflict are strongly disapproved of in many Asian cultures. a. True b. False

Q: Research has shown that forgiveness is a major influence on how or whether relationships progress. a. True b. False

Q: In a game called blemish, one person pretends to complimentary but actually puts the other person down. a. True b. False

Q: Building on the research of Buber, communication scholars have identified three levels of communication that (dis)confirm others. Distinguish among the three levels by providing a definition and an example of a disconfirming and confirming statement for each level.

Q: Using Gibbs categories of communication behaviors, describe the climate of this class. Be sure to include specific examples of each type of communication you perceive as affecting the classroom climate.

Q: Discuss five of the guidelines for confirming communication with people with disabilities.

Q: Discuss the four features that research indicates are characteristic of satisfying close relationships. After identifying each feature, explain and illustrate how it is communicated between people.

Q: Explain the differences among aggression, assertion, and deference. Also, provide examples of each.

Q: It is important to use as much metacommunication as possible during conflict. a. True b. False

Q: It is best to address conflict right away, even if one person is tired or youre in a public setting. a. True b. False

Q: One advantage to conflict in digital environments is that it is possible to step back to cool off and later resolve the conflict. a. True b. False

Q: Chris says he loves Betsy, but hes not sure they have a future together. Chriss feelings toward Betsy indicate he loves her but isnt a. committed. b. independent. c. trusting. d. self-disclosing. e. autonomous.

Q: The most basic form of confirmation in interpersonal communication is a. agreeing with another person. b. recognizing another person exists. c. acknowledging what another person feels. d. accepting what another person feels and thinks as valid. e. acknowledging what another person thinks.

Q: Tabitha wants some time alone because she feels a need to get in touch with herself as an individual. However, her partner wants them to spend as much time together as possible. The tension in this example illustrates the ________ relational dialectic. a. novelty/predictability b. commitment/love c. trust/dependence d. openness/closedness e. autonomy/connection

Q: Explain three types of disconfirming communication and their confirming counterparts. Be sure to provide examples of each type of communication.

Q: Distinguish between love and commitment. Then explain how each is communicated and how it affects relationships between people.

Q: Baxter (1990) has identified four ways partners handle the tension generated by opposing needs. Name and give an example of each way partners negotiate dialectical tensions.

Q: Ethnocentrism is one form of ________ communication. a. certainty b. problem-oriented c. effective d. strategic e. neutral

Q: Which type of communication is confirming because it feels open, honest, and unpremeditated? a. Description b. Provisionalism c. Spontaneity d. Problem orientation e. Equality

Q: The counterpoint to neutrality is a. description. b. provisionalism. c. empathy. d. problem orientation. e. equality.

Q: All of the following are forms of confirming communication EXCEPT: a. description. b. provisionalism. c. empathy. d. strategy. e. equality.

Q: The strongest level of confirmation is a. endorsement. b. acknowledgment. c. recognition. d. evaluation. e. description.

Q: The counterpoint to strategy is a. description. b. provisionalism. c. spontaneity. d. problem orientation. e. equality.

Q: I really know a lot more about this than you do, so you should listen to me. This comment is an example of communication that a. describes the situation. b. claims superiority of the speaker. c. expresses a tentative conclusion. d. demonstrates empathy. e. focuses on problem solving.

Q: According to relationship counselors, the most central and continuous tension in the majority of close relationships arises from which of the following dialectical tensions? a. Novelty/predictability b. Commitment/love c. Trust/dependence d. Openness/closedness e. Autonomy/connection

Q: Which type of communication involves openness to other points of view? a. Description b. Provisionalism c. Spontaneity d. Problem orientation e. Equality

Q: ________ in interpersonal relationships involves believing in another persons reliability and emotionally relying on that person. a. Climate b. Investment c. Love d. Commitment e. Trust

Q: The counterpoint to evaluation is a. description. b. provisionalism. c. spontaneity. d. problem orientation. e. equality.

Q: Research indicates that in general the LEAST effective and LEAST satisfying response to the tension generated by relational dialectics is to a. honor one need and ignore the other. b. compromise to meet both needs somewhat but to meet neither need completely. c. meet each need sequentially, first one and then the other. d. consider both needs as not being in opposition. e. bring in a third party, such as a therapist, to help address the tension.

Q: The counterpoint to superiority is a. description. b. provisionalism. c. empathy. d. problem orientation. e. equality.

Q: Giving priority to one dialectal need and neglecting the other is known as a. neutralization. b. separation. c. selection. d. reciprocal. e. aggression.

Q: In general, men and women self-disclose with equal frequency and depth. a. True b. False

Q: The only way to reap the benefits of your investments into a relationship is to stick with it. a. True b. False

Q: Most relationships are either fully confirming or fully disconfirming, and few relationships fall in between. a. True b. False

Q: When we disagree with someone, we disconfirm her or him. a. True b. False

Q: Happy and confirming relationships should feature openness rather than closedness. a. True b. False

Q: A good first step in responding constructively to criticism is to seek more information. a. True b. False Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Q: Achieving closeness through doing is best illustrated by which of the following activities? a. Telling each other personal details of their lives b. Talking through problems together c. Going to ball games together d. Talking about the relationship and what it means e. Supporting each other verbally

Q: The counterpoint to control is a. description. b. provisionalism. c. spontaneity. d. problem orientation. e. equality.

Q: Mari and her partner respond to the tension between autonomy and connection in their relationship by deciding to work together on their garden and work separately on their exercise programs. This response to relational dialectics is called a. separation. b. neutralization. c. voice. d. neglect. e. reframing.

Q: When communicating with a person with a disability, all of the following are generally accepted guidelines EXCEPT: a. speak directly to the person. b. try to position yourself at eye level if a person uses a wheelchair or scooter. c. provide assistance without asking. d. do not lean on a persons wheelchair as this may be an invasion of personal space. e. dont use childish language with people who have no mental disability.

Q: Which statement does NOT provide good advice for sustaining a confirming climate? a. Actively use communication to build confirming climates. b. Accept and validate others. c. Affirm and assert yourself. d. Respect diversity in relationships. e. Ignore criticisms.

Q: Marge says to Homer, I dont want to hear it; you cannot change my mind. These statements illustrate a. description. b. provisionalism. c. spontaneity. d. problem orientation. e. certainty.

Q: The factors that shape our relationships are universal across the cultures of the world. a. True b. False

Q: Describe the four major reasons why people might choose not to express their emotions.

Q: Explain and describe the perceptual view of emotions.

Q: The happiest dating and married partners feel that they do not invest equally in their relationship compared to their partner. a. True b. False

Q: Commitment is a decision to remain in a relationship rather than a feeling. a. True b. False

Q: Communication climate is unimportant in online contexts. a. True b. False

Q: In interpersonal relationships, it is as important to affirm and accept yourself as to affirm and accept others. a. True b. False

Q: Of the many influences that shape relationships, four that are particularly critical for building and sustaining satisfying personal relationships are investment, commitment, trust, and comfort with relational dialectics. a. True b. False

Q: Communication climate is the overall feeling or emotional mood between people: warm or cold, safe or anxious, comfortable or awkward, accepting or rejecting, open or guardedthat is shaped by verbal and nonverbal interaction between people. a. True b. False

Q: Understanding communication climates will give you insight into why you feel relaxed and comfortable in some of your relationships and uneasy and defensive in others. a. True b. False

Q: Communication researchers report that evaluative communication evokes defensiveness. a. True b. False

Q: Most people feel defensive when others use neutral, rather than empathetic, communication with them. a. True b. False

Q: According to John Gottman, the magic ratio for a happy relationship is to have at least five pleasant interactions for every one unpleasant interaction. a. True b. False

Q: Reciprocity of self-disclosures is more important after a relationship has become established than it is in the early days of the relationship. a. True b. False

Q: Failing to acknowledge another persons feelings or thoughts disconfirms him or her. a. True b. False

Q: Investments are what we put into relationships that we could not retrieve if the relationship were to end. a. True b. False

Q: Edwina feels a knot in her stomach when she receives a low grade on her exam. She noticed the knot and thought it was evidence of anxiety. This situation illustrates a. an obsession with should. b. helplessness. c. the cognitive labeling view of emotions. d. the perceptual view of emotions. e. the emotional view of emotions.

Q: Stop bothering me! and I feel we should work as a team are examples of a. emotional investments. b. irrational beliefs. c. social values. d. concretely identifying emotions. e. counterfeit emotional language.

Q: According to Albert Ellis, debilitating feelings are often caused by a. emotional investments. b. irrational thinking. c. incoherent assumptions. d. concretely identifying emotions. e. counterfeit emotional language.

Q: Researchers who have studied emotions agree that which of the following plays a part in our emotional lives? a. Physiology b. Perceptions c. Social experience d. Language e. All of these are correct.

Q: According to the cognitive labeling view of emotions, what occurs second? a. External event b. Physiological response c. Label for response d. Interpreted emotion e. Perception of event

Q: Define the concept of emotional intelligence and explain why it may be especially beneficial in a workplace environment. Be sure to incorporate a specific example to illustrate your response.

Q: Explain and describe feeling rules.

Q: Explain and describe the differences between deep acting and surface acting.

Q: Define and explain the steps in the rational-emotive approach to feelings. Organize your essay around a concrete example that allows you to show how each step of the approach works in practice.

Q: Explain and describe the cognitive labeling view of emotions.

Q: Provide an illustration of a specific emotional reaction. Then explain the emotional reaction using two different theories of emotions discussed in Chapter 7. Finally, provide an argument for which of the two theories offers a better explanation of the emotional reaction.

Q: Explain and describe framing rules.

Q: Learning to feel what our families and culture say we should feel is a. surface acting. b. emotional intelligence. c. cognitive shaping. d. deep acting. e. feeling rehearsal.

Q: What involves controlling the outward expression of emotion? a. Surface acting b. Emotional intelligence c. Cognitive shaping d. Deep acting e. Feeling rehearsal

Q: According to the perceptual view of emotions, what occurs right before the response? a. External event b. Physiological response c. Label for response d. Interpreted emotion e. Perception of event

Q: According to the perceptual view of emotions, what occurs second? a. External event b. Physiological response c. Label for response d. Interpreted emotion e. Perception of event

Q: The ________ view of emotions is also called appraisal theory. a. organismic view b. cognitive labeling c. interactive d. virtual e. perceptual