Q&A Hero

Q: When P.L. 94-142 was enacted in 1975, the group of students who had a right to special education consisted of: A. Only students age six to 18 B. Only infants and toddlers from birth through age two C. Only young children ages three to five D. Only older students ages 14 to 21

Q: Allowing students varying times to respond, taking into account their processing capacity and giving some students more "think" time than others, is which of the following? A. Adequate processing time B. Frequent student responses C. Appropriate instructional pacing D. Monitoring responses

Q: Students with emotional or behavioral disorders may be gifted or have intellectual disabilities, but most have IQs in which range? A. Above average B. Well below average C. Low average D. Middle

Q: What is the current age span for services under IDEA? A. IDEA covers individuals ages three to 21 B. IDEA covers individuals ages six to 21 C. IDEA covers individuals ages birth through 21 D. IDEA covers individuals ages six through 18

Q: Varying how fast you present information and how often you ask your students to respond is: A. Monitoring responses B. Frequent student responses C. Adequate processing time D. Appropriate instructional pacing

Q: Each of the following is a category of conduct disorder except which one? A. Aggressive conduct B. Lying C. Unfounded fearfulness D. Property destruction

Q: Which of the following was a critical outcome of the Brown v. Board of Education case in 1954? A. Schools must provide funds for special education B. Schools may not segregate by race C. Schools must mainstream students with disabilities D. Students must use nondiscriminatory assessments

Q: Following a routine schedule, keeping appointments, taking medications, remembering to perform a new task, and marking when to start or end a task are uses for: A. A TBI classroom observation checklist B. An interim IEP C. Electronic memory aids D. A classroom aide

Q: Behaviors that are persistently aggressive or involve acting-out and noncompliant behaviors are: A. Externalizing B. Internalizing C. Defiant D. Antisocial

Q: Which region of the country appears to have the greatest shortage of trained special education personnel? A. Northeast B. Southwest C. Southeast D. Northcentral

Q: Students moving from a hospital setting back to a school setting may require a(n): A. Reentry IEP B. Revised IEP C. Interim IEP D. Temporary IEP

Q: People are classified as having schizophrenia if they have each of the following symptoms, except? A. Delusions of grandeur or identity B. Organized, rapid speech C. Auditory hallucinations of a voice commenting on themselves D. Catatonic behavior lacking typical movement, activity, or expression

Q: Of 14 fields in education identified as having considerable shortages by the Department of Education, how many relate to special education? A. 9 fields B. 5 fields C. 2 fields D. All fields

Q: A tool to assess behaviors related to executive functioning is known as which of the following? A. TIRE B. GOS C. BRIEF D. GOS-E

Q: A persistent pattern of antisocial behavior that significantly interferes with others' rights or with schools' and communities' behavioral expectations is: A. Anxiety disorder B. Conduct disorder C. Oppositional defiant disorder D. Mood disorder

Q: In a recent study about biased decision-making, it was shown that: A. Students' labels really did not make much difference. B. Teachers were more likely to rate behavior of students labeled "gifted" as off-task C. Students' labels only mattered if they were labeled as "oppositional defiant" D. Teachers were less likely to rate behavior of students labeled "gifted" as off-task

Q: The pediatric version of the Glasgow Outcomes Scale includes each of the following except: A. Eyes open B. Leg extension C. Best verbal response D. Best motor response

Q: Students with oppositional defiant disorder have some of each of the following behaviors for at least 6 months except: A. Severe aggressive and antisocial behavior B. Loss of temper C. Refusal to cooperate with adult requests D. Deliberate annoyance of others

Q: What two disability categories constitute about two-thirds of all students who are classified as having a disability? A. Specific learning disabilities and speech or language impairments B. Specific learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities C. Specific learning disabilities and emotional disturbance D. Specific learning disabilities and attention deficit disorder

Q: The number one cause of TBI is: A. Car accidents B. Falls C. Abuse D. Gun injuries

Q: Verbal abuse, cyber abuse, and physical abuse are forms of: A. Bipolar behavior B. Depression C. Bullying D. Conduct disorder

Q: Approximately what percentage of students identified as having a disability are male? A. 40 % B. 50% C. 70% D. 80%

Q: Which of the following refers to TBI resulting from a caregiver who has shaken a child violently, often in situations when the caregiver is frustrated because of the child's crying? A. Child abuse B. Concussion C. Sudden infant death syndrome D. Shaken baby syndrome

Q: The highest rate of depression occurs among: A. Adolescent boys B. Adolescent girls C. Adult males D. Adult females

Q: What percent of school-aged students are identified as having a disability? A. 3 % B. 6% C. 13% D. 18%

Q: Each of the following is true of TBI except: A. One year after the injury, they are more likely to show improvements in cognitive skills than in behavioral skills. B. Students with TBI are more likely to be diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorders, anxiety, and depression. C. Approximately 10% of students experience post traumatic stress disorder in the first three months following TBI. D. Behavioral problems occur in 35 to 70% of students with TBI.

Q: An extreme deviation in either a depressed or an elevated direction, or sometimes in both directions at the same time is: A. Anxiety disorder B. Conduct disorder C. Oppositional defiant disorder D. Mood disorder

Q: School district responsibilities regarding an independent educational evaluation (IEE) include which of the following: (may be more than one answer) a. Informing the parents where they may obtain an IEE. b. accepting and implementing the results of an IEE. c. considering the results of an IEE. d. acting on the recommendations in the IEE.

Q: How many federal appellate courts are there in the United States? In which circuit do you live?

Q: Which of the following cases vacated a prohibition against using IQ tests in placing African-American students in all special education placements? a. Larry P. v. Riles. b. Board of Education v. Rowley. c. PASE v. Hannon. d. Crawford v. Honig

Q: Explain controlling and persuasive authority.

Q: The California case that prohibited the use of intelligence tests as the sole criteria to place African-American children in classes for mentally retarded was a. Larry P. v. Riles. b. Board of Education v. Rowley. c. PASE v. Hannon. d. Crawford v. Honig.

Q: Describe the two sources of judicial power.

Q: It is required that a reevaluation be conducted every: a. 90 days b. year c. other year d. 3 years

Q: The American system is a federal system. Explain federalism.

Q: According to IDEA 2004 the federal timeframe to complete an evaluation after parental consent has been received is: a. 60 days b. 120 days c. 30 days d. 7 days

Q: What is the basic or primary source of law in the United States?

Q: IDEA 2004 does not allow a student to be determined to have a disability under the IDEA if the determining factor leading to the student's problem was lack of appropriate instruction in reading, including instruction in the essential components of reading (i.e., phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency, and reading comprehension.

Q: Describe what it means when a judge makes a concurring opinion.

Q: School districts may not set a reasonable fee structure for independent educational evaluations.

Q: Name at least two major differences between a trial court and an appellate court?

Q: When parents obtain an independent evaluation of their child, the IEP must consider the results of the evaluation but they are not required to implement the recommendations.

Q: Why is it important to know within which jurisdiction a particular decision occurs?

Q: A school district's school board is the proper forum for determining whether students with disabilities can appropriately participate in statewide assessment or if they need accommodations, modifications, or an alternate assessment.

Q: The federal government gives indirect assistance to education through categorical grants. What are the two main purposes for categorical grants?

Q: When the local educational agency proposes to assess a student for special education, parents' consent must be obtained prior to the assessment.

Q: Why did the authors of the Constitution choose not to address the area of education?

Q: A student with an IEP must be completely reevaluated by the school every year.

Q: Which of the following levels of courts has the power to deny appeals? a. Trial Court b. Intermediate or Appellate Court c. Court of Last Resort d. Both b & c

Q: Failure to directly link assessment and intervention is can be a problem in due process hearings when school's IEPs are challenged.

Q: Which of the following administrative agencies monitors compliance with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act? a. The Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) b. The Office of Civil Rights (OCR) of the Department of Education c. The Office of Civil Rights (OCR) of the Department of Justice d. The Institute of Educational Research Science (IES)

Q: A medical diagnosis must always be used as part of the evaluation process.

Q: Which of the following administrative agencies monitors LEA and SEA compliance with the IDEA? a. The Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) in the U.S. Department of Education. b. The Office of Civil Rights (OCR) in the U.S. Department of Education c. The Office of Civil Rights (OCR) in the U.S. Department of Justice d. The Institute of Educational Research Science (IES) in the U.S. Department of Education.

Q: The assessment process is a generalized evaluation that is the typically the same for all students.

Q: The ability of a well reasoned court decision to influence decisions of courts in different jurisdictions is a. persuasive authority. b. probative value. c. controlling authority. d. none of the above

Q: Parental participation in the evaluation process is required.

Q: Which of the following does not have the force of law? a. U.S. Supreme Court decisions b. Federal regulations c. Federal statutes d. Federally issued guidelines

Q: Discuss school district responsibilities with respect to FAPE.

Q: A judge's written opinion usually contains: a. A summary of the case and a statement of the facts b. In situations in which the court does not follow the law, an explanation of why the court too this action. c. An explanation of the court's reasoning and a record of the decision d. Both one and three

Q: Explain the controversy over FAPE and educational methodology.

Q: A hearing by the full court is referred to as: a. Jurisprudence b. En banc c. A precedential hearing d. Gatherus supremeus

Q: What is instruction based on peer-reviewed research? How can peer-reviewed research instruction used to ensure a FAPE is delivered to students in special education?

Q: The role of the federal district court differs slightly in special education cases because: a. The fact-finding process takes place at the administrative review process b. The trial court takes on more of an appellate role c. It determines if the administrative agency or due process hearing officer correctly applied the law d. All of the above

Q: Examine the evolving standards of what constitutes a FAPE from the Rowley decision through IDEA 1997 and IDEA 2004. How has the concept of FAPE changed since the EAHCA was passed in 1975?

Q: The Handicapped Children's Protection Act overturned the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in Smith v. Robinson, and made it possible for families to: a. Hire in home teachers at no cost b. Collect attorney's fees c. Receive daily progress reports d. Receive in-school medical treatment for children

Q: Discuss the IEP team's responsibilities when a student with disabilities graduates

Q: The _____________ Amendment to the Constitution has become the legal basis for decisions in special education. a. 4th b. 10th c. 14th d. 15th

Q: List and define 4 criteria for scientifically based instruction

Q: When the Supreme Court interprets the laws created by the legislative branch, the legislature may change or alter the law or create a new law if the members disagree with the court's interpretation.

Q: Briefly discuss the four components of FAPE.

Q: There is a federal constitutional right to an education.

Q: Describe procedural and substantive violations of FAPE.

Q: If states accept categorical grants programs, such as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, the states do not need to abide by the terms and guidelines of the grant.

Q: A critical decision in developing FAPE is a student's placement. Discuss factors that IEP teams should consider in determining placement.

Q: Federal involvement has been minimal and, thus, an unimportant factor in the progress and growth of education.

Q: When is a student no longer eligible for services under the IDEA?

Q: Under the United States system of federalism, the federal government has only those powers granted expressly by the U.S. Constitution; those powers not specifically granted to the federal government are the province of the states.

Q: Briefly explain the litigation regarding delivering complex health services as related services under the IDEA.

Q: Controlling legal authority always cuts across jurisdictional lines (e.g., a decision made by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit will by legal binding in the eighth circuit).

Q: What is a related service? When must a school provide a related service? What are the limitations on related services?