Q&A Hero

Q: The diagnosis of a hearing loss is made by a combination of professionals which include the child's own doctor, an otologist, and a(n): A. Audiologist B. Speech/language therapist C. Neurologist D. Parent

Q: Brandon, a child with autism, flaps his hands continuously. He is demonstrating A) stereotypies. B) echolalia. C) self-injurious behavior. D) nonverbal communication.

Q: Students with mental retardation are often unable to learn incidentally, which refers to A) performing a task when instructed, but failing to repeat it. B) learning from ordinary or "everyday" experiences. C) generalizing effects of direct instruction. D) learning by associating content with a series of incidents in their lives.

Q: What percent of students with TBI spend 80-100% of their time in general education settings? A. About 49% B. 23% C. Only 9% D. Over 70%

Q: Each of the following is true of mastery learningexcept: A. It is used to determine whether it is time to move on to the next concept. B. It has been used with many students, but not with those with emotional or behavioral problems. C. The teacher asks questions of the whole class to determine if a concept is mastered. D. The teacher should use a cooperative learning strategy.

Q: The name of a plan written for a student who does NOT require special education services but needs some accommodations in the general education classroom is: A. 504 plan B. Behavior Management plan C. IEP D. IFSP

Q: Joey, a second-grade student in a general education classroom, has been having difficulty in school since kindergarten. He was identified as having a specific learning disability and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. His biggest challenges are his lack of progress in learning how to read and staying on-task in the classroom. His teacher has consulted with a special education teacher to try to accommodate Joey in her classroom, but he continues to fall behind his classmates. The teacher, the special education teacher, and Joey's parents have been considering having him spend more time in a resource classroom to receive specialized instruction. This is consistent with which aspect of the principle of least restrictive environment? A. Full inclusion, all the time B. Parent's involvement in due process C. Availability of a continuum of services D. The zero-reject policy

Q: Which of the following students are most likely to be educated in special schools? A. Students with learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities B. Students with learning disabilities and other health impairments C. Students with emotional or behavioral disorders, multiple disabilities, and deaf blindness D. Students with hearing impairments, visual impairments, and deaf-blindness

Q: The application of language in various communications in the social context of the situation describes A) content. B) use. C) form. D) syntax.

Q: Trauma to the cochlea may lead to a: A. Congenital hearing loss B. Conductive hearing loss C. Partial hearing loss D. Sensorineural hearing loss

Q: One problem with the IDEA definition of ASD is that A) it specifies identification before age 3 when, in fact, most children are not identified with ASD until the age of 10 or older. B) the IDEA definition includes NO mention of impact on social interactions. C) it is a general description and lacks specificity needed to fully understand the disorder. D) the IDEA definition lists serious emotional disturbance as a characteristic of autism.

Q: Identifying relevant alternative options, identifying consequences of the alternative, identifying the probability of each consequence, determining the value placed on each option or alternative, and integrating values and consequences to select a preferred option are steps of which of the following? A. Collaborative teaming B. Problem solving C. Cooperative learning D. Decision making

Q: Exposure to cigarette smoke, lead, and alcohol are which of the following environmental causes/factors of AD/HD? A. Prenatal B. Perinatal C. Genetic D. Postnatal

Q: What percent of students with emotional or behavioral problems spend 80-100% of their time in general education settings? A. 60% B. 20% C. 80% D. 40%

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the defining characteristics of mental retardation? A) impaired cognitive ability B) problems with adaptive behavior C) need for supports to sustain independence D) difficulty with motor skills

Q: Students with which disabilities tend to be served in resource rooms? A. Students with learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities B. Students with learning disabilities C. Students with intellectual disabilities, autism, and emotional disorders D. Students with hearing impairments, visual impairments, and deaf-blindness

Q: The intent and meaning of spoken or written statements defines A) content. B) use. C) form. D) syntax.

Q: Which of the following is NOT indicative of autism at a very early age? A) lacks direct eye contact B) shares and shows toys to others excessively C) inability to engage in imaginative play D) is less likely to point out objects of interest

Q: Each of the following is an indicator used to gauge the success of outcomes related to students with disabilities EXCEPT: A. Their overall satisfaction with their jobs B. Their overall satisfaction with life C. The numbers receiving post-secondary education or employment D. Their household circumstances and community involvement

Q: Each of the following is a skill typically involved in teaching problem solving except: A. Solution generation B. Asking for help C. Problem identification D. Problem definition

Q: The major cause of congenital deafness is which of the following? A. Lack of oxygen to the brain B. Genetic syndromes C. Infection before or soon after birth D. Traumatic brain injury

Q: Which of the following would NOT be considered a personal outcome for an adult with intellectual disabilities who had benefited from a system of supports? A) independence B) relationships C) community participation D) higher intelligence scores

Q: Which of the following is an example of phonology? A) "clicking" sounds found in Swahili and Native American languages B) "ed" at the end of a verb refers to a past event C) a noun precedes a verb D) stuttering

Q: Compared to children without disabilities, the brain volumes of children with AD/HD are: A. About 5 percent higher B. 3 to 8 percent lower C. About the same D. Significantly higher

Q: Which of the following teaches students conflict-resolution through the use of a neutral party? A. Cooperative learning B. Structured controversy C. Mediation D. Negotiation

Q: Which of the following students are more likely to attend residential schools? A. Students with learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and physical disabilities B. Students with autism, traumatic brain injury, and intellectual disabilities C. Students with hearing impairments, visual impairments, and deaf-blindness D. Students with autism, visual impairments, and traumatic brain injury

Q: What percentage of students with disabilities graduate with a high school diploma? A. 72% B. 90% C. 56% D. 40%

Q: One way of assessing students individually during cooperative learning activities is to: A. Watch the group to see who is working B. Have the students rate each others' performance C. Assign each student a discrete task that contributes to the whole group D. Individual assessment is not appropriate for cooperative learning activities

Q: Brandon's mother asks, "Are you hungry?" He responds by saying, "Are you hungry?" Brandon, who has ASD, is A) exhibiting defiance that is typical of children with ASD. B) demonstrating echolalia. C) carefully repeating what he hears in an attempt to learn language. D) exhibiting stuttering.

Q: Which of the following involves integrating civics and real life applications? A. Service learning B. Classroom-centered intervention C. Check and Connect D. Mediation

Q: The four levels of intensity of support listed in the 2002 AAIDD definition are A) intermittent, limited, extensive, and pervasive. B) mild, moderate, severe, pervasive. C) mild, moderate, severe, profound. D) independent, partially supported, heavily supported, and completely dependent.

Q: The academic achievement of students with hearing loss is: A. About the same as that of students with no disabilities B. Somewhat higher than that of students with no disabilities C. Relatively low compared with that of students with no disabilities D. Significantly lower than that of students with no disabilities

Q: Ping has trouble with the "l" sound, which does not exist in her native language. Which function of form does this represent? A) content B) phonology C) morphology D) syntax

Q: Which of the following is a primary cause of AD/HD in children? A. Structural differences in the brain B. Dietary issues such as too much sugar C. Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke, lead, and alcohol D. Watching too much television

Q: Over the last decade, where have students with disabilities been spending more of their instructional time? A. In the resource room B. In the general education classroom C. In the self-contained special education classroom D. In special schools for those with disabilities

Q: Each of the following are strong predictors of dropping out of school for students with disabilities except which one? A. Grade retention B. Lower than average grades C. Disciplinary suspensions D. A sense of belongingness

Q: Which of the following refers to linking students together so one cannot succeed unless all group members succeed? A. Problem-solving B. Positive interdependence C. Collaborative teaming D. Evidence-based instructional strategy

Q: According to IDEA, autism is generally evident before age A) one. B) five. C) six. D) three.

Q: A program for reducing dropout rate that includes mentoring, regular checking of progress, and partnering with families is: A. Check and Connect B. Wraparound C. Multimodal learning D. KidTools

Q: Amplification, speech reading, reading, and writing are all used in combination with signs in which of the following approaches? A. Pidgin signed English B. Oral/aural format C. Cued speech D. Total communication

Q: 50"80% of students with AD/HD experience: A. Anxiety disorders B. Oppositional defiant disorders C. Conduct disorders D. Peer rejection

Q: Based upon information regarding the three adaptive skill areas, which of the following is NOT a practical adaptive behavior? A) counting money B) getting dressed C) eating D) doing laundry

Q: Ella runs to her mother and says, "Mommy, I MISSDED you" rather than "MISSED" is displaying what type of articulation error? A) omission B) substitution C) distortion D) addition

Q: Each of the following must be part of supported employment except which one? A. The supported worker must be paid above minimum wage. B. The supported worker must work at least 20 hours a week. C. The supported worker must, after 18 months, be able to do the job without support. D. The supported worker must work in a typical work setting.

Q: Why are the long-term outcomes for children with CDD far worse than those of children with autism? A) Children with CDD typically also have serious health concerns, such as weak heart valves. B) The regression of previously acquired skills continues to worsen. C) The volatility of behaviors increases as children get older. D) Most children with CDD also lose most of their functional sight.

Q: Positive interdependence and individual accountability are characteristics of: A. Cooperative learning B. Collaborative teaming C. Wraparound D. Problem-solving

Q: New regulations by the National Instructional Materials Accessibility Standard require that: A. All instructional materials be available in large print B. Computer-mediated instruction be used in every classroom C. Evidence of student learning includes audio-visual assessments D. All instructional materials be available in electronic formats

Q: Which of the following uses a hand representation for each of the 26 letters of the alphabet? A. Sign language B. Fingerspelling C. Oral/aural format D. Cued speech

Q: Most students with AD/HD have IQ scores in what range? A. Low average B. Average C. High average D. Above average

Q: Which of the following is the result of the combination of mastery learning and a good-behavior game? A. Family-school partnership B. Classroom-centered intervention C. Service learning D. Cognitive-behavior therapy

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the adaptive skill areas listed in the 2002 AAIDD (formerly known as AAMR) definition of mental retardation? A) conceptual B) practical C) social D) academic

Q: A child who says "pay the piano" instead of "play the piano" is demonstrating an example of what articulation error? A) substitution B) distortion C) omission D) addition

Q: What is not a main difference between 504 and IDEA? A. 504 is an anti-discrimination law B. IDEA provides for federal funds to support its principles C. 504 provides for federal funds to support its principles D. IDEA deals with birth through age 21 only

Q: Writing reports, taking exams, portfolios, drawings, performances, oral reports, and videotaped reports are examples of: A. Multiple means of engagement B. Multiple means of action and expression C. Multiple means of representing content D. Multiple means of questioning

Q: Principle components of collaborative teaming include each of the following except: A. Building team structure B. Learning teamwork skills C. Taking individual action D. Improving communication

Q: Keone developed normally until he was 5 years old, when his parents noticed a marked regression in his language and social skills. Keone is displaying characteristics of a child with A) childhood disintegrative disorder. B) Asperger syndrome. C) Rett syndrome. D) pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified.

Q: Hunter has an IQ of 60, maintains a steady job, and goes out every Friday night with several friends. Under which level of severity would he be classified? A) mild intellectual abilities B) moderate intellectual abilities C) severe intellectual abilities D) profound intellectual abilities

Q: What percent of youth in correctional facilities were receiving special education services? A. Greater than 75% B. About 33% C. 12% D. 50%

Q: Which of the following make mention of disability being related to an impairment in a major life function? A. IDEA and ADA B. ADA and 504 C. 504 and IDEA D. IDEA and ESEA

Q: A child who says "the ball is WED" instead of RED is an example of what articulation error? A) substitution B) distortion C) omission D) addition

Q: Considering the quality and nature of students' replies and work to determine if they are mastering content is: A. Adequate processing time B. Frequent student responses C. Appropriate instructional pacing D. Monitoring responses

Q: Parvati has Rett syndrome. Which of the following stereotyped movements is she likely to exhibit? A) hand flapping B) hand wringing C) finger flapping D) complex whole-body movements

Q: The combination of hand, body, and facial movements to convey both words and concepts rather than individual letters is: A. Sign language B. Fingerspelling C. Oral/aural format D. Cued speech

Q: The majority of children with AD/HD have: A. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type B. Predominantly inattentive type C. Combined type D. Predominantly inattentive-hyperactive type

Q: Jacquey has an IQ of 42. Although she showed marked developmental delays during childhood, she is able to live semi-independently in a group home setting. She has held a steady job for several years, which she found and maintains with the help of a job coach. Under which level of severity would she be classified? A) mild intellectual abilities B) moderate intellectual abilities C) severe intellectual abilities D) profound intellectual abilities

Q: How many students with EBD spend their time in a separate setting for all of their day? A. 18% B. 40% C. 23% D. 30%

Q: Breda is three years old and is not able to pronounce the "j" sound, so she asks for "duice" instead of "juice." Breda's mother is concerned and wonders if she should contact an SLP for help. Breda's mother should know that A) Breda's speech is delayed, as the "j" sound is typically developed by age two. B) SLPs usually do not start working with children until they reach school age, around five years old. C) the "j" sound does not typically develop until four-years of age or later, so Breda's speech is normal at this point. D) she can avoid this problem by having Breda ask for "the fruit stuff" rather than trying to say the word "juice."

Q: Which law extends accessibility and anti-discriminatory protection for individuals with disabilities into private-sector employment, transportation, state and local government activities and programs, privately operated businesses that are open to the public ("public accommodations"), and telecommunications? A. IDEA B. Section 504 C. ADA D. ESEA

Q: Lectures, computerized visual presentations like PowerPoint, role playing, and computer-mediated instruction are examples of: A. Multiple means of engagement B. Multiple means of action and expression C. Multiple means of representing content D. Multiple means of questioning

Q: Interpreting words by watching the speaker's lips and facial movements without hearing the speaker's words is: A. Manual approach B. Speech reading C. Sign language D. Lip reading

Q: Allowing students varying times to respond, taking into account their processing capacity and giving some students more "think" time than others, is which of the following? A. Adequate processing time B. Frequent student responses C. Appropriate instructional pacing D. Monitoring responses

Q: Approximately what percentage of states reporting indicated they use wraparound services? A. 88 B. 95 C. 75 D. 66

Q: For students who have inattentive type of AD/HD, teachers should make sure students have enough time to shift from one activity to another, allow flexible limits for finishing work, simplify tasks that have multiple steps, and: A. Take medication B. Receive special education services C. Teach organization skills D. Have a peer tutor

Q: Rett syndrome is different from many inherited conditions because A) it skips every three generations. B) its effects diminish as the children get older. C) it occurs only in girls. D) a woman who gives birth to one child with Rett syndrome has a 97% probability that all subsequent children will also have the condition.

Q: Universal design for learning promotes multiple means of representing content; multiple means of action and expression for students to demonstrate knowledge; and: A. Multiple means of engagement B. Multiple means of grading C. Multiple means of questioning D. Multiple means of assessment

Q: Sylvia has an intellectual disability. Using the 2002 AAIDD (formerly the AAMR) definition, this means that her disability originated before age __________. A) 3 B) 10 C) 18 D) 21

Q: Which of the following sounds is one of the first that young children are able to pronounce? A) k B) p C) f D) s

Q: Which of the following prohibits discrimination in any activity receiving federal financial assistance solely on the basis of disability? A. ESEA B. Section 504 C. IDEA D. NCLB

Q: A snail shaped bony structure that houses the actual organ of hearing is the: A. Organ of corti B. Auditory nerve C. Malleus D. Cochlea

Q: Students with which type of AD/HD are usually identified earliest? A. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type B. Predominantly inattentive type C. Combined type D. Predominantly inattentive-hyperactive type