Q&A Hero

Q: Which component of school functional assessment evaluates students' ability to complete functional activities requiring cognitive and physical skills? A. Participation B. Task supports C. Activity performance D. Academic achievement

Q: Professionals have become more cautious in diagnosing intellectual disabilities for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a) the stigma associated with the label. b) the belief that intellectual disabilities are a socially constructed condition. c) overrepresentation of children from ethnic minority groups. d) increasing costs associated with special education.

Q: When speech partners activate a student's communication device in naturally occurring communication interactions at home, school, and in the community and encourage the student to use the device, they are using: A. Community based instruction B. Universal design for learning C. System for augmenting language D. Facilitative language strategies

Q: When preparing for a parent-teacher conference, the teacher should do all of the following EXCEPT a. consult with other professionals about the student's behavior. b. establish the role of authority. c. review the student's cumulative records. d. provide written notice.

Q: Ms. Chico, a sixth-grade teacher, arranges a parent-teacher conference with Mr. and Mrs. Yuba to discuss a problem she is having with their son, Bobby, who has learning disabilities. Most authorities would recommend that Ms. Chico a. emphasize positive things about Bobby, along with the negative. b. end the conference by summarizing Bobby's deficit areas. c. start with business first rather than informal social conversation. d. use professional language so that the Yubas will view her as a professional.

Q: Which component of school functional assessment evaluates students' involvement in school activities and environments? A. Participation B. Task supports C. Activity performance D. Academic achievement

Q: Which of the following is a primary component of most early education programs in which others use strategies to promote speech and language development? A. Community based instruction B. Universal design for learning C. System for augmenting language D. Facilitative language strategies

Q: The key to a successful parent-teacher conference is a. maintaining an air of conferences. b. the teacher keeping in mind that she knows more about disabilities, in general, than do the parents. c. letting the parents lead the discussion. d. being prepared and planning.

Q: Each of the following is an element of the School Function Assessment EXCEPT: A. Participation B. Task supports C. Academic achievement D. Activity performance

Q: Homework for students with disabilities should be used a. to introduce new skills. b. to develop age-appropriate attention spans. c. to review skills already taught. d. as a consequence for failing to complete work in class.

Q: Which area is often a source of misunderstanding and conflict for the home-school relationship, especially for students with disabilities? a. tests b. homework c. extracurricular activities d. recess

Q: Each is a method for implementing universal design for learning EXCEPT: A. Vary the format for relaying information B. Vary the ways in which students demonstrate their knowledge C. Adjust the amount of time spent on units D. Use facilitative language strategies

Q: Neuroimaging is helpful in determining the presence of each of the following EXCEPT: A. Cerebral palsy B. Asthma C. Epilepsy D. Spina bifida

Q: Parent-teacher conferences can benefit the teacher primarily because a. the teacher can learn more about the student from the parents' viewpoint. b. conferences are easier to arrange than other forms of communication. c. conferences provide an opportunity for the teacher to visit the home. d. the teacher does not have to be as diplomatic as in written communication.

Q: A frequent complaint made by parents about communication with teachers is that a. they are not notified about meetings until the last minute. b. teachers interrupt them at work to ask questions about their child's routine. c. they only hear from school personnel when their child has misbehaved. d. teachers confide in other family members without permission.

Q: A student who uses two languages equally well is considered to be: A. Bilingual B. Bidialectal C. Multilingual D. Multidialectal

Q: Positive behavior and intervention supports should be applied a. during routines in which the family normally engages. b. only when the family is in therapy. c. when the family has accepted that the child has a disability. d. in highly structured situations.

Q: In the majority of cases of epilepsy (about 75%), the precise cause of the brain insult that triggered the epilepsy is: A. Genetic B. Birth trauma C. Environmental D. Unknown

Q: Functional behavioral assessment involves evaluation of each of the following EXCEPT a. antecedent events. b. contextual factors maintaining behavior. c. consequences of behavior. d. disciplinary style.

Q: When completing a fluency assessment, the speech-language pathologist measures each of the following EXCEPT: A. Amount of dysfluency B. Age of onset of dysfluency C. Type of dysfluency D. Duration of dysfluency

Q: Each of the following is a cause of cerebral palsy EXCEPT: A. Gestational infection B. Lack of oxygen to the brain C. Meningitis after birth D. Maternal diabetes and obesity

Q: Research suggests that social support be integrated with functional behavioral assessment and positive behavioral intervention support specifically in the case of children with a. Down syndrome. b. emotional or behavioral disorders. c. learning disabilities. d. physical disabilities.

Q: Each of the following may be related to the cause of a speech or language disorder EXCEPT: A. Organic disorders B. Inorganic disorders C. Congenital disorders D. Acquired disorders

Q: Each of the following is an example of social support EXCEPT a. a family's church b. a parental support group c. a subscription to a disability journal d. an internet news group

Q: Which one of the following is the best example of a resource that is likely to be tapped in the social support systems approach? a. neighbors b. teachers c. social workers d. local employers

Q: Asthma attacks that occur two or fewer days per week or two or fewer nights in a month are: A. Mild persistent B. Intermittent C. Moderate persistent D. Severe

Q: A distinctive feature of the social support approach is that it focuses on a. developing informal sources of support. b. creating a network of professionals to assist the family. c. expanding access to social services in the community d. changing the community rather than the family.

Q: Which of the following focuses on the use of social languagethe communication between a speaker and a listener within a shared social environment? A. Phonology B. Syntax C. Semantics D. Pragmatics

Q: Social support includes each of the following EXCEPT a. emotional support. b. formal, professional support. c. support from neighbors. d. Support from family members.

Q: The most common chronic disease among children in the U.S. is: A. Allergies B. Asthma C. Cystic fibrosis D. Cancer

Q: A student who has difficulty distinguishing between the sound of the word "pen" and the word "pin" has a: A. Phonological disorder B. Articulation disorder C. Expressive language impairment D. Receptive language disorder

Q: Transitions between stages in the life of a child with disabilities are difficult because a. the next stage brings on overwhelming challenges. b. parents tend to think the next stage will lead to resolutions to many of their current problems. c. Increasingly more professionals become involved, which leads to problems of communication. d. Each new phase presents uncertainty to the family.

Q: One person having the authority, granted by the courts, to make decisions for another person is a. wardenship. b. proxy. c. paternalism d. guardianship

Q: The majority of children with epilepsy have intelligence scores in which range? A. Average B. Low average C. High average D. Low

Q: A language impairment that is not related to any physical or intellectual disability is a: A. Speech impairment B. Receptive language disorder C. Specific language impairment D. Expressive language impairment

Q: Which of the following seizures, formerly known as petit mal, causes the student to frequently lose consciousness for a brief period of time? A. Partial B. Semiconscious C. Absence D. Tonic-clonic

Q: Families of a child with a disability tend to experience most stress during a. infancy to age five. b. adolescence. c. transitions. d. adulthood.

Q: A life-cycle perspective on the impact on the family of having child with a disability a. considers how the impact changes over time. b. emphasizes that if the family has not accepted the child by adolescence, it is doubtful that they ever will. c. draws on psychoanalytic principles for its foundation. d. has failed largely because it has ignored multicultural values.

Q: Families sometimes prefer passive involvement in educational decision-making because they a. do not value education for their children. b. are neglectful. c. need to attend to other functions. d. have little to contribute.

Q: Normal speech requires correct articulation, vocal quality, and: A. Volume B. Pitch C. Fluency D. Tempo

Q: Which of the following seizures, once known as grand mal, causes the student to lose consciousness and go through rigid extensions and rhythmic contractions of extremities? A. Partial B. Semiconscious C. Absence D. Tonic-clonic

Q: Which of the following is a motor speech disorder that affects the way in which a student plans to produce speech? A. Apraxia of speech B. Voice disorders C. Receptive language disorders D. Expressive language disorders

Q: The numerous routines in which families engage to meet their many and diverse needs is referred to as a. family functions. b. family characteristics. c. family interactions. d. family life cycle.

Q: The degree to which families are able to change their modes of interaction when they encounter unusual or stressful situations refers to a. acceptance. b. cohesion. c. adaptability. d. compassion.

Q: The degree to which an individual family member is free to act independently of other family members is a. acceptance. b. adaptability. c. cohesion. d. compassion.

Q: Seizures that involve both cerebral hemispheres, involve an alteration of consciousness, and affect both sides of the body are: A. Absence seizures B. Tonic-clonic seizures C. Generalized seizures D. Partial seizures

Q: Substitutions, omissions, and distortions are characteristics of: A. Apraxia of speech B. Articulation disorders C. Receptive language disorders D. Expressive language disorders

Q: In Sam's family, everyone spends his or her free time independently. Family members seldom eat meals together or plan joint activities. Sam's family has low a. acceptance. b. adaptability. c. cohesion. d. compassion.

Q: Family systems theory a. emphasizes behavioral principles, such as reinforcement and punishment. b. emphasizes understanding interactions among family members. c. emphasizes that family functioning is follows the same systemic behavioral interactions no matter the age of the child. d. is outdated because it ignores multicultural factors.

Q: A condition that develops slowly and has long-lasting symptoms is: A. Chronic B. Acute C. Terminal D. Benign

Q: One of the most frequent communication disorders in preschool and school-age children is: A. Apraxia of speech B. Receptive language disorders C. Expressive language disorders D. Articulation disorders

Q: Each of the following comments about the U.S. military is true, EXCEPT a. More low-income women are joining. b. It is the largest employer of single parents. c. More than 80% of service people are married with children. d. It provides a flexible workplace for single parents.

Q: The majority of students with spina bifida have intelligence measured in the: A. Low average range B. Average range C. High average range D. Low range

Q: The family systems approach emphasizes a. interrelationships among the family and other social systems. b. the effects of the environment on the family. c. quality of interactions between parents and professionals. d. need for ongoing and systematic family intervention.

Q: By what age have children learned to produce nearly all the consonants and vowels that make up the words of their native language? A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 8

Q: The most serious form of spina bifida is: A. Myelomeningocele B. Meningocele C. Spina bifida major D. Spina bifida occulta

Q: Wraparound service refers to a. a system of using educational service in addition to available community services to meet the needs of children and their families is called b. one type of service, such as psychological or speech services, taking the lead in coordinating all services. c. services that become too unwieldy to coordinate. d. services that alternate in taking the lead in coordinating all services.

Q: What part of the body is called the voice box? A. Larynx B. Pharynx C. Vocal folds D. Trachea

Q: Tina and Jim have three children, one of whom has a disability. Several professionals work for them, encouraging the family to make its own decisions and get professional and informal support. This approach to intervention is consistent with which model? a. professional-centered b. family-centered c. center-based d. ideologically-driven

Q: When siblings, one of whom is disabled, are adults, which is true? a. Men have more favorable attachments than women to their sibling with a disability. b. Women have more favorable attachments than men to their sibling with a disability. c. Adults of the same gender as their sibling with a disability have less favorable emotional responses. d. Adults of the opposite gender of their sibling with a disability have more favorable emotional responses.

Q: There are three common forms of spina bifida: meningocele, myelomeningocele, and: A. Spina bifida minor B. Spina bifida major C. Spina bifida occulta D. Nonspecific spina bifida

Q: Which of the following emphasizes that communication skills are learned through social interactions? A. Inborn language acquisition device theory B. Imitation and practice theory C. Social interaction theory D. Imitation and inborn acquisition theory

Q: Which of the following refers to a malformation of the spinal cord before birth? A. Cerebral palsy B. Spina bifida C. Multiple sclerosis D. Muscular dystrophy

Q: Young siblings of a child with a disability are likely to a. have the opposite reaction to the sibling than do their parents. b. deny that the child with a disability is different. c. avoid seeking information from others about the disability. d. have just as difficult, if not more difficult time coping with their feelings than their parents.

Q: What is the overall organizer for language? A. Semantics B. Pragmatics C. Syntax D. Phonology

Q: Families that exhibit resiliency after having a child with a disability are characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT a. They learn from negative experiences. b. They like to take things as they come rather than attempting to establish routines. c. They take advantage of social supports. d. They balance the needs of the family and the needs of the child.

Q: Evidence suggests that Latino families are more likely than Anglo families to view having a child with a disability as a positive experience because of a. resignation to the fact that bad things happen in life. b. their religious views. c. the importance of the family and the social supports it provides. d. the importance of following advice from authority figures.

Q: Many students with cerebral palsy also frequently have one or more of the following conditions EXCEPT: A. Vision impairments B. Epilepsy C. Problems with bladder and bowel control D. Hearing impairments

Q: Which of the following refers to the meaning of what is expressed? A. Semantics B. Morphology C. Phonology D. Syntax

Q: Which one of the following is regarded by some parents as a positive effect of having a child with a disability? a. entitles the family to financial benefits b. causes family members to be more tolerant of others c. reduces parents'concerns about social issues d. puts an end to unstable marital relationships

Q: What percent of children and youth with cerebral palsy have an intellectual disability? A. Greater than 50% B. Less than 10% C. About 25% D. Over 75%

Q: In families of a child with a disability, parental stress is usually the result of a. daily burdens related to child care. b. the child's medical involvement. c. demands placed on the family by the school system. d. catastrophic events.

Q: Which dimensions of language determine the content and social use of language? A. Semantics and pragmatics B. Syntax and pragmatics C. Semantics and phonology D. Syntax and morphology

Q: Each of the following statements about parental adjustment and stress is true EXCEPT a. There is abundant evidence that parents of children with disabilities undergo more than the average amount of stress. b. Mothers of children with disabilities are at an increased risk of experiencing depression. c. The more severe the disability, the greater the stress. d. Parents who were happily married before the birth of a child with a disability have a better chance of coping well with the situation.

Q: A disability that affects both the legs and arms but the legs more than the arms is: A. Diplegia B. Paraplegia C. Quadriplegia D. Hemiplegia

Q: The reactions of extended family members are important because they can often play a critical role in a. financial assistance. b. providing comfort and support. c. recommending professional help. d. determining the genetic cause of the disability.

Q: How many morphemes does the word "bills" have? A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1

Q: A physical disability that affects all four limbs is: A. Hemiplegia B. Paraplegia C. Quadriplegia D. Diplegia

Q: In dealing with the feelings of a child with a disability, parents should a. respond honestly to specific questions asked by the child. b. assure the child that he or she is no different from others and their disability doesn"t matter. c. speak about their disability in general, rather than specific ways. d. wait until the child is an adolescent so he or she will be better able to understand.

Q: Which of the following provides rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences? A. Language B. Speech C. Phonology D. Syntax