Q&A Hero

Q: Should students with disabilities benefit from being labeled? Defend your position by citing at least four advantages or disadvantages of labeling students with disabilities.

Q: Children with epilepsy are more disposed to learning disabilities than are children who do not have epilepsy.

Q: Seizures occur more often in children with developmental disabilities than in children without disabilities.

Q: List five categories of disability defined by IDEA.

Q: Although cerebral palsy is not contagious, it is progressive.

Q: How did Itard affect the general perceptions of people with disabilities?

Q: Physical disabilities of all kinds are decreasing because of medical advances.

Q: Where has research demonstrated that it is beneficial to teach functional skills?

Q: Sociosexual education for students with physical disabilities includes instruction in all of the following EXCEPT A) structure and functions of bodies. B) suppression of sexual desire. C) alternative modes of sexual gratification. D) human relationships and responsibilities.

Q: Describe at least three characteristics of the federal definition of transition services.

Q: A situation in which a person with a disability becomes a regular employee, performs a valued function in a regular work setting, and receives fair pay while receiving training, social skills instruction, and other services is A) job coaching. B) job shadowing. C) supported employment. D) partial employment.

Q: What was the most distinct characteristic of early special education classrooms?

Q: Describe the three service delivery teams.

Q: What are three factors that may put a child at risk for developmental delays?

Q: The difference between physical therapy and occupational therapy A) is that the latter focuses more often on adults in job-related situations. B) is that the former focuses on sensory and gross motor functions, the latter on support for daily living skills. C) is a matter of degree, not kind. D) is no longer relevant since the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

Q: Providing support for the child's body and arranging instructional or play materials in certain ways is known as A) positioning. B) handling. C) assisting. D) adapting.

Q: Early intervention consists of all the following EXCEPT A) career guidance B) handling and positioning C) maximizing the outcome of therapy D) developing communication skills

Q: List three types of cooperative teaching.

Q: Mr. Kent has a child in his class who has a terminal illness. He should A) avoid discussing his personal feelings about death and dying. B) keep other students from airing their feelings during school hours. C) be direct and open in discussing death and dying with the class. D) avoid communicating directly with the child's parents unless a psychologist is present.

Q: Cite two barriers to collaboration.

Q: A person who provides support for daily living skills and fine motor skills is a(n) A) physical therapist. B) occupational therapist. C) adaptations specialist. D) cognitive therapist.

Q: List at least four suggestions for communicating about individuals with disabilities.

Q: Without early intervention programs, many preschool aged children with minor developmental delays may develop major delays by the time they reach school age. A) True B) False

Q: Because it originates in the field of architecture, universal design for learning applies only to physical accessibility issues. A) True B) False

Q: Each of the following is a reason why most students with physical disabilities are integrated into public schools EXCEPT A) advances in medical treatment allow greater mobility and functional movement. B) decreases in architectural and transportation barriers. C) federal law defined the least restrictive environment (LRE) as the general education classroom. D) movement toward public education for all children.

Q: The primary goal of adapted physical education is A) to eliminate physical education as a requirement for students with physical disabilities. B) to provide physical education in a separate setting for students with physical disabilities. C) to give students with physical disabilities more time in physical education to catch up to their peers. D) to allow access to activities that support physical, recreational, and leisure goals.

Q: Each of the following statements about education for most children with a physical disability is true EXCEPT A) It should be similar to that for children without disabilities but at a somewhat lower age level. B) It is often extended beyond that typically provided to include self-help skills. C) Objectives should include autonomy and self-advocacy. D) Attention should be given to environmental changes that allow them to respond more effectively.

Q: Cooperative teaching is the most effective mechanism for facilitating successful inclusion. A) True B) False

Q: Students identified as gifted and talented would rank as the largest group of learners if they were included in the overall federal calculation of students with exceptionalities. A) True B) False

Q: The greatest problem with using technology for people with physical disabilities is A) teaching them to use existing technologies. B) accurately evaluating them to determine what would be most useful. C) devising more sophisticated assistive technology. D) the high cost of assistive technology.

Q: Categorizing students by disability is basically the same as labeling. A) True B) False

Q: Which principles are most important to keep in mind when considering prosthetics and orthotics? A) residual function, simplicity, reliability B) age of person, length of limb, intelligence of person C) residual function, length of limb, cost of device D) residual function, simplicity, health of person

Q: Gareth uses braces on his legs to help provide support when he walks. This is an example of a/an A) prosthesis. B) assistive device. C) orthosis. D) adaptive device.

Q: Today, slightly less than half of all individuals enrolled in special education have learning disabilities. A) True B) False

Q: Jim has an artificial leg. This is an example of a/an A) orthosis. B) prosthesis. C) adaptive device. D) assistive device.

Q: The title Father of Special Educationis rightly bestowedon Itard. A) True B) False

Q: A handicap refers to an inability or reduced capacity to perform a task in a specific way. A) True B) False

Q: Use generic labels for disability groups, such as deaf or autistic. A) True B) False

Q: Children's reactions to their own physical disabilities are largely A) a reflection of how others respond to them. B) dependent on the nature and degree of their disabilities. C) dependent on whether they use a wheelchair for mobility. D) a reflection of how well they achieve academically.

Q: Empirical investigations fail to provide clear-cut questions about the effects of labels on children and youth with disabilities. A) True B) False

Q: For children with most physical disabilities and other health impairments, a common cause of academic difficulties is A) discrimination and prejudice. B) erratic school attendance. C) poor study skills. D) inadequate motivation.

Q: Approximately 41% of students receiving special education are classified as having a learning disability. A) True B) False

Q: Which statement about phenylketonuria (PKU) is true? A) It only causes intellectual disabilities. B) It is the only known genetically determined metabolic disorder. C) It requires a life-long special diet for treatment. D) It goes away in late childhood.

Q: Each of the following statements about preventing physical disabilities is true EXCEPT A) Many or most physical disabilities are preventable. B) Reducing the number of adolescent pregnancies would reduce the number of physical disabilities. C) Reducing the number of childhood vaccinations has reduced the number of cases of autism. D) Children with disabilities are at a greater risk for abuse than are those without disabilities.

Q: What causes more deaths in children than all childhood diseases combined? A) AIDS B) accidents C) suicide D) abuse

Q: Only one third of people with disabilities report that they are satisfied with their lives. A) True B) False

Q: Early intervention refers to more than educational services. A) True B) False

Q: In addition to its effect on the immune system, AIDS poses all of the following threats to children EXCEPT A) intellectual disability. B) emotional or behavioral disorders. C) seizures. D) muscular dystrophy.

Q: Federal legislation mandates that states provide special education for gifted and talented students. A) True B) False

Q: A lung disease characterized by episodic inflammation or obstruction of the air passages such that the person has difficulty breathing is A) allergies. B) bronchitis. C) asthma. D) inhalation.

Q: Chronic diseases and health conditions of children have A) decreased dramatically in recent decades due to improved drug therapies. B) passed childhood accidents as a cause of death. C) remained constant in recent decades. D) increased dramatically during recent decades.

Q: There are inconsistencies from state to state concerning the definition of developmental delay. A) True B) False

Q: The term exceptional children is defined as individuals who deviate from the norm to such an extent that special education services are required. A) True B) False

Q: During the late 1800s and early 1900s, services for children with exceptionalities were sporadic and slow to develop. A) True B) False

Q: The intelligence of students with conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system is A) lower than average. B) unaffected. C) higher than average. D) indeterminate.

Q: The French psychologist Alfred Binet originated the concept of mental age. A) True B) False

Q: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a potentially debilitating disease that A) causes rapid deterioration of muscle tissue. B) is characterized by pain in and around the joints and muscles. C) is associated with neurological degeneration. D) occurs only in the elderly.

Q: Learning disabilities account for about 4 of every 10 students with disabilities. A) True B) False

Q: Tim has a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers. His condition is A) muscular dystrophy. B) spina bifida. C) cerebral palsy. D) multiple sclerosis.

Q: A person without use of his or her legs is generally considered to be handicapped. A) True B) False

Q: Catheterization is necessary for individuals with A) lack of bladder control. B) poor blood circulation. C) poor oxygen exchange. D) lack of mucus and salivation control.

Q: Every high school student who is enrolled in a special education program is to have _____ as part of his or her IEP.A) An individualized transition plan (ITP)B) A behavior management planC) An individual family service plan (IFSP)D) A 504 accommodation plan

Q: The extent of the paralysis in spina bifida depends on A) the stage of development during which it occurs. B) the success or failure of the surgery to close the opening. C) the success or failure of the surgery to repair the nerve damage. D) how high or low the injury on the spinal column is.

Q: Multidisciplinary teams are best described as A) Team members working collaboratively B) Team members who make recommendations based on shared information and joint planning C) Having a team leader who also serves as the primary interventionist D) Team members who perform their roles independent of one another with little collaboration

Q: Any malformation of the spine, spinal cord, or brain is a A) choreoathetoid defect. B) neural tube defect. C) type of spina bifida. D) brainstem defect.

Q: douard Sguin's ideas and theories provided a basis for the work of _________ with the urban poor and children with intellectual disabilities. A) Philippe Pinel B) Maria Montessori C) Samuel Gridley Howe D) Alfred Binet

Q: Harris has a congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development. His condition is known as A) cleft lip. B) spinal meningitis. C) spina bifida. D) cleft palate.

Q: All of the following procedures should be followed if a student has a seizure in school EXCEPT A) move child onto their side. B) inserting an object between the teeth. C) loosening clothing. D) putting something flat and soft under the head.

Q: Seizures may differ on all of the following dimensions EXCEPT A) duration. B) latency. C) frequency. D) causes.

Q: PL 99-457, the Education of the Handicapped Amendments of 1986, mandated services for A) Individuals with autism B) Individuals with traumatic brain injury C) Children between 3 and 5 years of age D) Individuals between 4 and 6 years of age

Q: UDL does not remove academic challenges; it removes _____. A) Difficult instructional design B) Nonessential content C) Barriers to access D) Flexibility and variety

Q: A traditional secondary curriculum, which is often inadequate for preparing students, has the potential to fail in, effectively, transitioning students with special needs because it focuses on which of the following? A) College prep B) Remedial academics C) Passing the GED D) Standards-based education

Q: All of the following are common causes of seizures EXCEPT A) lack of oxygen. B) high blood sugar. C) infections. D) physical trauma.

Q: When there is an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in certain brain cells, the result is A) diplegia. B) choreoathetoid movements. C) spasticity. D) seizures.

Q: Which of the following are examples of related service professionals? A) Physical therapist B) Psychologist C) Audiologist D) All of the above

Q: The first special education classrooms were A) Duplicitous B) Self-contained C) Service related D) Vocational focused

Q: The intelligence of children with cerebral palsy is A) almost always in the range of intellectual disabilities. B) clearly higher than the average for the general population. C) nearly the same as for the general population. D) difficult to assess due to difficulties in perception, movement, or response speed.

Q: All of the following people are listed in the text as having been instrumental in pioneering special education except A) Howard Gardner B) Philippe Pinel C) Louis Braille D) Alexander Graham Bell

Q: Abrupt, involuntary movements and difficulty in maintaining balance is known as A) spastic movements. B) atonic movements. C) choreoathetoid movements. D) atonic spasticity.

Q: Stiffness or tenseness of muscles and inaccurate voluntary movements is known as A) choreoathetosis. B) atonicity. C) spasticity. D) reflexivity.