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Q:
Which oxide is the most covalent?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Which oxide is the most ionic?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Identify the element represented by the lightly-shaded spheres. A) C
B) Mg
C) N
D) Na
Q:
In the following picture of an uncharged oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second- or third-row element in its highest oxidation state. Identify the element represented by the lightly-shaded spheres. A) Al
B) C
C) N
D) S
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Identify the element represented by the lightly-shaded spheres. A) C
B) N
C) S
D) Si
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is expected to be a gas (or a liquid) or a high-melting solid. A) covalent and gas or liquid
B) covalent and high-melting solid
C) ionic and liquid or gas
D) ionic and high-melting solid
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is acidic or basic. A) covalent and acidic
B) covalent and basic
C) ionic and acidic
D) ionic and basic
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a third-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is acidic or basic. A) covalent and acidic
B) covalent and basic
C) ionic and acidic
D) ionic and basic
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is acidic or basic. A) covalent and acidic
B) covalent and basic
C) ionic and acidic
D) ionic and basic
Q:
Picture (a) shows p-orbital overlap between carbon and oxygen atoms; picture (b) shows p-orbital overlap between silicon and oxygen atoms.Based on these pictures, it is expected thatA) carbon and oxygen form better bonds than silicon and oxygen, so C-O single bonds are stronger than Si-O single bonds.B) silicon and oxygen form better bonds than carbon and oxygen, so Si-O single bonds are stronger than C-O single bonds.C) carbon and oxygen form better bonds than silicon and oxygen, so C=O double bonds are stronger than Si=O double bonds.D) silicon and oxygen form better bonds than carbon and oxygen, so Si=O double bonds are stronger than C=O double bonds.
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms an interstitial binary hydride with the formula MXx?
A) element A
B) element B
C) element C
D) element D
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms a covalent binary hydride with the formula MX4?
A) element A
B) element B
C) element C
D) element D
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms an ionic binary hydride with the formula MX2?
A) element A
B) element B
C) element C
D) element D
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms a covalent binary hydride with the formula MX3?
A) element A
B) element B
C) element C
D) element D
Q:
What group of elements is most likely to from ionic hydrides of the type MH2?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
What group of elements is most likely to form covalent molecular hydrides?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
In the picture representing binary hydride AHx, lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of the other element, A. If A is a second-period element, the oxidation state of hydrogen and the oxidation state of element A in the binary hydride shown below are A) +1 and -2.
B) +1 and -1.
C) -1 and +1.
D) -1 and +3.
Q:
In the picture representing binary hydride AHx, lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of the other element, A. The oxidation state of hydrogen and the oxidation state of element A in the binary hydride shown below are A) +1 and -3.
B) +1 and -1.
C) -1 and +1.
D) -1 and +3.
Q:
In the picture representing binary hydride AHx, lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of the other element, A. If A is a second-period element, the oxidation state of hydrogen and the oxidation state of element A in the binary hydride shown below are A) +1 and -3.
B) +1 and -1.
C) -1 and +1.
D) -1 and +3.
Q:
Which hydride dissolves in water to form an acidic solution?
A) hydride (1)
B) hydride (2)
C) hydride (3)
D) hydride (4)
Q:
Which hydride reacts with water at 25C to give H2 gas and forms a basic solution?
A) hydride (1)
B) hydride (2)
C) hydride (3)
D) hydride (4)
Q:
Which hydride has the lowest melting point?
A) hydride (1)
B) hydride (2)
C) hydride (3)
D) hydride (4)
Q:
The binary hydride shown in picture (4) is classified as
A) covalent.
B) interstitial (metallic).
C) ionic.
D) None of these
Q:
The binary hydride shown in picture (3) is classified as
A) covalent.
B) interstitial (metallic).
C) ionic.
D) None of these
Q:
The binary hydride shown in picture (2) is classified as
A) covalent.
B) interstitial (metallic).
C) ionic.
D) None of these
Q:
The binary hydride shown in picture (1) is classified as
A) covalent.
B) interstitial (metallic).
C) ionic.
D) None of these
Q:
Using the above models of hydrides, indicate the one most representative of an ionic hydride.
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
Q:
From the above models of hydrides, indicate the one most representative of an interstitial metallic hydride.
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
Q:
When 3.00 grams of the anhydrous blue colored CoCl2 is exposed to moist air it forms 5.50 grams of the red-violet CoCl2 . xH2O hydrate. Determine the number of moles of water that combine with one mole of CoCl2.A) 4B) 6C) 8D) 10
Q:
When 5.60 grams of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate is exposed to moist air, it absorbs water. If the hydrated copper compound has a mass of 8.13 grams, what is the chemical formula of the hydrate?A) CuSO4 . 2H2OB) CuSO4 . 3H2OC) CuSO4 . 4H2OD) CuSO4 . 5H2O
Q:
A 7.63-gram sample of hydrated magnesium sulfate MgSO4 xH2O is heated until all of the water is driven off. If 3.72 grams of anhydrous MgSO4 is obtained, how many water molecules combine with each formula unit of magnesium sulfate in the hydrate?A) 5B) 6C) 7D) 8
Q:
When 3.600 grams of anhydrous magnesium chloride were exposed to moist air, water was absorbed by the sample. If the resulting hydrated compound has a mass of 4.962 grams, what is the chemical formula of the hydrate?A) MgCl2 . H2OB) MgCl2 . 2H2OC) MgCl2 . 3H2OD) MgCl2 . 4H2O
Q:
When 0.500 grams of CuSO4 5H2O is heated at a temperature of 300C for twenty minutes it loses some water of hydration. If the resulting sample weighs 0.427 grams then what is the formula of the compound?A) CuSO4 . H2OB) CuSO4 . 2H2OC) CuSO4 . 3H2OD) CuSO4 . 4H2O
Q:
What is the anhydrous form of sulfuric acid, H2SO4?
A) SO2
B) SO3
C) SO32-
D) SO42-
Q:
What is the anhydrous form of nitric acid, HNO3?
A) NO
B) NO2
C) N2O3
D) N2O5
Q:
When all water is removed from a hydrate the resulting product is said to be
A) androgenous.
B) anhydrous.
C) arable.
D) arid.
Q:
Compounds that absorb water from the atmosphere are said to be
A) hygroscopic.
B) macroscopic.
C) orthoscopic.
D) symbiotic.
Q:
Which compound is not considered to be a hydrate?A) [Mg(H2O)6](ClO4)2B) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3C) CuSO4 . H2OD) HOClO2
Q:
Which one of the following compounds is a hydrate?A) H2O2B) H2SO4C) CoCl2 . 6 H2OD) Cu(OH)2
Q:
Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of potassium with water.A) 2 K(s) + H2O(l) -> 2 K+(aq) + O2-(aq) + H2(g)B) 2 K(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> 2 K+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) + H2(g)C) 2 K(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> 2 K+(aq) + O22-(aq) + 2 H2(g)D) K(s) + H2O(l) -> no reaction
Q:
Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of bromine with water.
A) 2 Br2(l) + 2 H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4 HBr(aq)
B) Br2(l) + H2O(l) → HOBr(aq) + H+(aq) + Br-(aq)
C) Br2(l) + 2 H2O(l) → 2 HOBr(aq) + H2(g)
D) 2 Br2(g) + 2 H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4 H+(aq) + 4 Br-(aq)
Q:
Indicate the order of reactivity of the halogens (F2, Cl2, Br2, I2) with water (fastest to slowest).
A) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2
B) Cl2 > Br2 > I2 > F2
C) Br2 > I2 > F2 > Cl2
D) I2 > Br2 > Cl2 > F2
Q:
All of the following are reactions commonly associated with water except:A) 2 Na(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> H2(g) + 2 Na+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq)B) Ca(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> H2(g) + Ca2+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq)C) F2(g) + H2O(l) -> HOF(aq) + HF(aq)D) Cl2(g) + H2O(l) -> HOCl(aq) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Q:
What are the three major chemicals that are commercially obtained from sea water?
A) sodium chloride, magnesium, and bromine
B) sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate
C) sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium carbonate
D) sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate
Q:
What are the four major ionic constituents of seawater?
A) Cl-, Na+, Mg2+, HCO3-
B) Cl-, Na+, SO42-, Mg2+
C) Cl-, Na+, SO42-, HCO3-
D) Na+, SO42-, Mg2+, Ca2+
Q:
Which of the following chemical reagents is not used in the purification of water?
A) NaNO3
B) Cl2
C) CaO
D) Al2(SO4)3
Q:
Water accounts for approximately two-thirds of the mass of the adult human body. If an adult human has a mass of 145 pounds, how many water molecules are there in the adult human's body?
A) 96.7 molecules
B) 2.43 103 molecules
C) 1.47 1027 molecules
D) 2.20 1027 molecules
Q:
An estimated 1.35 1018 m3 of water is present in the earth's oceans. Assuming water has a density of 1 g/mL then how many kilograms of water does this volume contain?
A) 1.35 109 kg
B) 1.35 1012 kg
C) 1.35 1021 kg
D) 1.35 1034 kg
Q:
In the reaction of ozone shown below, which of the following unbalanced half-reactions shows the species undergoing reduction and the reduced product?O3(g) + 2 I-(aq) + H2O(l) -> O2(g) + I2(s) + 2 OH-(aq)A) O3(g) -> O2(g)B) O3(g) -> OH-(aq)C) H2O(l) -> O2(g)D) H2O(l) -> OH-(aq)
Q:
How many milliliters of ozone gas at at 25.0C and 1.00 atm pressure are needed to react with 45.00 mL of a 0.100 M aqueous solution of KI according to the chemical equation shown below?O3(g) + 2 I-(aq) + H2O(l) -> O2(g) + I2(s) + 2 OH-(aq)A) 55.0 mLB) 110. mLC) 165 mLD) 220. mL
Q:
What is not a characteristic of ozone, O3?
A) It is a nonlinear triatomic system.
B) It has one single bond and one double bond.
C) It is an extremely powerful oxidizing agent.
D) It is made by passing an electrical discharge through oxygen.
Q:
What are the allotropes of oxygen?
A) O and O2
B) O2 and O3
C) O, O2 and O3
D) O2, O3 and O4
Q:
In which of the following reactions does hydrogen peroxide act as a reducing agent?A) PbS(s) + 4 H2O2(aq) -> PbSO4(s) + 4 H2O(l)B) H2O2(aq) + 2 H+(aq) + 2I-(aq) -> 2 H2O(l) + I2(aq)C) 5 H2O2(aq) + 2 MnO4-(aq) + 6 H+(aq) -> 8 H2O(l) + 5 O2(g) + 2 Mn2+(aq)D) 2 Fe2+(aq) + H2O2(aq) + 2 H+(aq) -> 2 Fe3+(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
Q:
Indicate the coefficient in front of H2O2 when the following redox equation is balanced in an acidic medium.H2O2(aq) + MnO4-(aq) -> O2(g) + Mn2+(aq)A) 2B) 3C) 5D) 7
Q:
Indicate the coefficient in front of H2O2 when the following redox equation is balanced in an acidic medium.H2O2(aq) + Cl-(aq) -> H2O(l) + Cl2(aq)A) 1B) 2C) 3D) 4
Q:
What is not a characteristic of the aqueous chemical reactions of hydrogen peroxide?
A) It is a strong oxidizing agent.
B) It is a reducing agent.
C) It behaves as a weak base.
D) It undergoes disproportionation.
Q:
In which compound does oxygen have a -1 oxidation state?
A) H2O
B) H2O2
C) O2
D) MgO
Q:
A binary compound that forms when potassium reacts with oxygen has the composition 58.96% Na and 41.04% O. What is the formula of one formula unit of this compound?
A) Na2O
B) NaO
C) NaO2
D) Na2O2
Q:
A binary compound that forms when potassium reacts with oxygen has the composition 54.99% K and 45.01% O. This compound contains
A) one oxygen molecule and one potassium atom.
B) one peroxide ion and one potassium ion.
C) one superoxide ion and one potassium ion.
D) two oxide ions and one potassium ion.
Q:
Electrolysis of a metal nitrate solution M(NO3)2(aq) for 3.00 hours with a constant current of 20.0 A gives 119 g of the metal M. The identity of the metal M in the metal ion M2+ is ________.
Q:
If a constant current of 1.50 108 A is passed through a molten mixture of aluminum oxide and cryolite for 4.00 hour ________ kg of aluminum can be produced.
Q:
The two half-reactions that are used in the direct methanol fuel cell are shown below.I. 2 CH3OH(aq) + 2 H2O(l) -> 2 CO2(g) + 12 H+(aq) + 12 e-II. 3 O2(g) + 12 H+(aq) + 12 e- -> 6 H2O(l)The electrode at which half-reaction I occurs is the ________ at which ________ is oxidized, and half-reaction II occurs at the ________ at which ________ is reduced.
Q:
The standard cell potential for the following galvanic cell is 0.71 V.
Mg(s)|Mg2+(aq)||Al3+(aq)|Al
This reaction has an equilibrium constant, K = ________.
Q:
The standard reduction potential E = -0.45 V for the half-reaction Fe2+ + 2 e- -> Fe. If the measured cell potential at 25C is 0.35 V, the pH in the anode compartment of the following cell is ________.Pt(s)|H2(1 atm)|H+(? M)||Fe2+(1 M)|Fe(s)
Q:
The standard cell potential for the following galvanic cell is 1.21 V.
Al(s)|Al3+(aq)||Fe2+(aq)|Fe(s)
When [Al3+] = 0.10 M and [Fe2+] = 0.10 M, will the cell potential at 25C be less than, the same as, or greater than 1.21 V?
Q:
Based on the half-reactions and their respective standard reduction potentials below, the strongest reducing agent is ________, and the strongest oxidizing agent is ________.Fe3+(aq) + 3 e- -> Fe2+(aq) 0.77 VSn4+(aq) + 2 e- -> Sn2+(aq) 0.15 VPb2+(aq) + 2 e- -> Pb(s) -0.13 V
Q:
Reduction half-reactions with corresponding standard half-cell potentials are shown below.Ag+(aq) + 1 e- -> Ag(s) E = +0.80 VZn2+(aq) + 2 e- -> Zn(s) E = -0.76 VAl3+(aq) + 3 e- -> Al(s) E = -1.66 VOf the species above, the strongest oxidizing agent is ________, and the strongest reducing agent is ________.
Q:
Based on the half-reactions and their respective standard reduction potentials below, the standard cell potential for the reaction that is expected to occur is ________ V.Ag+(aq) + e- -> Ag(s) 0.80 V2 H+(aq) + 2 e- -> H2(g) 0.00 VCd2+(aq) + 2 e- -> Cd(s) -0.40 V
Q:
Reduction half-reactions with corresponding standard half-cell potentials are shown below.Zn2+(aq) + 2 e- -> Zn(s) E = - 0.76 VAl3+(aq) + 3 e- -> Al(s) E = - 1.66 VThe standard potential for the galvanic cell that uses these two half-reactions is ________ V.
Q:
In order for a cell potential to be a standard cell potential, the concentration of all ions in solution must be ________ M, the partial pressures of all gaseous species must be ________ atm, and the temperature must be ________ K.
Q:
For the hypothetical reaction 3 A + 2 Bx -> 3 Ay + 2 B, E = 0.85 V and G = -495 kJ. For this reaction the values of x and y are ________ and ________.
Q:
For the hypothetical reaction A + Bx -> Ax + B, E = 1.30 V and G = -251 kJ. For this reaction the value of x = ________.
Q:
For the galvanic cell that uses the reaction2 Al(s) + 3 Zn2+(aq) -> 2 Al3+(aq) + 3 Zn(s)the value of n in the relationship G = -nFE is ________.
Q:
The galvanic cell represented by the shorthand notation below contains KNO3(aq) in the salt bridge. During the reaction ________ ions flow into the anode compartment, and ________ ions flow into the cathode compartment.
Pt(s)|H2(g)|H+(aq) || Sn4+(aq)|Sn2+(aq)|Pt(s)
Q:
In the galvanic cell represented by the shorthand notation below, electrons are lost by ________ and gained by ________.
Pt(s) | Sn2+(aq) | Sn4+(aq) || Br2(l)|Br-(aq) | Pt(s)
Q:
In the shorthand notation for a galvanic cell, a single vertical line (|) represents a ________, and a double vertical line (||) represents a ________.
Q:
In the galvanic cell represented by the shorthand notation shown below
Pb(aq) | Pb2+(aq) | Cl2(g)|Cl-(aq) | Pt(s)
the inert electrode is ________, and the balanced cathode half-reaction reaction is ________.
Q:
In the galvanic cell represented by the shorthand notation
Al(s)|Al3+(aq)||Fe3+(aq)|Fe(s)
the anode is ________ and the cathode is ________.
Q:
A galvanic cell uses the reactionMg(s) + Pb2+(aq) -> Mg2+(aq) + Pb(s).Mg(s) -> Mg2+(aq) + 2 e- is the ________ half-reaction, which occurs at the ________.
Q:
How long must a constant current of 50.0 A be passed through an electrolytic cell containing aqueous Cu2+ ions to produce 5.00 moles of copper metal?
A) 0.187 hours
B) 0.373 hours
C) 2.68 hours
D) 5.36 hours