Q&A Hero

Q: Fred smokes about half a pack of cigarettes a day. Although he takes Vitamin B supplements, during the day, he is tired, irritable, and has trouble concentrating. What might be the culprit? a. A lack of sleep b. Problems with his diet c. A lack of a support group d. Too much smoking

Q: Maria is under a great deal of stress. What vitamin supplement would we recommend for her? a. Vitamin B b. Vitamin A c. Vitamin E d. Vitamin C

Q: Clarence has been under a great deal of stress at work. His wife told him that they should watch some sitcoms on TV. Her advice is sound because laughter can: a. put a new perspective on a situation b. reduce blood pressure c. help distance you from a stressor d. laughter does all of these

Q: Counseling programs designed to help employees reduce stress are called: a. PRAs b. EAPs c. CPAs d. ERSs

Q: When employees feel stressed and take a "mental health day," they: a. have a short-term decrease in stress b. have a long-term decrease in stress c. have no decrease in stress d. actually have an increase in stress

Q: People under stress do all of the following except: a. increase productivity b. abuse alcohol c. miss work d. become more cynical

Q: Which of the following is NOT a personal consequence of stress? a. Loss of hair b. Sore muscles c. Headaches d. All of these are consequences

Q: Mary refuses to let go of her anger for her previous employer. She is now feeling a lot of stress on her current job. This might be an example of: a. perspective taking b. residual stress c. forecasting d. rampant diffusion

Q: Larry is a junior at Raynes College and has trouble sleeping. He keeps worrying about not getting a job when he graduates and never finding the right person to marry. Larry's stress might be the result of: a. perspective taking b. residual stress c. rampant diffusion d. forecasting

Q: Wasting time and energy worrying about the future and asking "What if?" are good examples of: a. perspective taking b. residual stress c. forecasting d. rampant diffusion

Q: Rating a potential source of frustration on a scale of 1 to 10 is an example of: a. perspective taking b. residual stress c. forecasting d. rampant diffusion

Q: Compared to employees with only one job, moonlighting employees: a. are more tired b. have more accidents c. perform worse d. are no different in terms of performance

Q: An employee who works only the morning shift each day has what kind of shift schedule? a. Rotating b. Fixed c. Flexible d. Gliding

Q: Some people claim to be "night people" and others claim to be "morning people." This is an issue most related to: a. circadian rhythms b. shift rotation c. flexible work schedules d. fixed shifts

Q: High effective temperatures adversely affect performance on: a. cognitive tasks b. physical tasks c. perceptual tasks d. cognitive, physical, and perceptual tasks

Q: When ___ is high we are unable to cool ourselves down through radiation. When ___ is high, we are unable to cool ourselves down through evaporation. a. humidity/air flow b. humidity/air temperature c. air temperature/humidity d. air flow/humidity

Q: The human body cools down two different ways. These are through: a. radiation and effective temperature b. radiation and evaporation c. evaporation and circadian rhythm d. none of these

Q: Continued exposure to high levels of noise is associated with: a. hearing loss and high blood pressure b. increased levels of employee aggressiveness c. increased incidents of worker illness d. all of these

Q: Which of the following aspects of noise would most reduce employee performance? a. Noise that is high pitched b. Noise that has a low frequency c. Noise that is pleasant d. Noise that is necessary

Q: ______ noise has less of an effect on employee behavior than do many other aspects of noise. a. Intense b. Intermittent c. Constant d. Loud

Q: Mary always asks her boss if she needs help and is willing to stay late. Beth talks negatively about her coworkers and keeps important information from them. Which of the following is true? a. Neither Mary nor Beth is playing politics b. Beth and Mary are both playing politics c. Mary is playing negative politics d. Beth and Mary are both playing negative politics

Q: People who like to make decisions and take charge run into problems when they are hired by an organization that is team oriented. This trouble is probably the result of: a. a lack of person-organization fit b. role ambiguity c. role synchronization d. role overload

Q: A non-smoker may not feel comfortable working for a tobacco company because of: a. a lack of person-organization fit b. role ambiguity c. role synchronization d. role overload

Q: Bob has been frustrated with his job for the last three months. He was given two new assignments to complete in addition to his regular duties. To make matters worse, his computer is too slow to handle the programs he needs to run. Bob's stress level can probably be explained by: a. a lack of person-organization fit b. role ambiguity c. role conflict d. role overload

Q: Role ____ develops when employees feel they lack the skill or workplace resources to complete a task. a. conflict b. ambiguity c. overload d. synchronization

Q: ______ help reduce the potential for stress that comes from role conflict and role ambiguity. a. Job descriptions b. Venting emotions c. Counselors d. Performance appraisals

Q: Role _____ is when an individual's job duties and performance expectations are not clearlydefined. a. conflict b. ambiguity c. overload d. synchronization

Q: Darnell was hired as a cook's assistant but all he has been doing for the past five months is clean tables and take out the trash. Darnell's stress level can probably be explained by: a. a lack of person-organization fit b. role ambiguity c. role conflict d. role overload

Q: Role _____ is when our work expectations and what we think we should be doing don't match the work we actually have to perform a. conflict b. ambiguity c. overload d. synchronization

Q: Which of the following is true about gender and race differences in stress? a. Men and minorities are most stressed b. Minorities are more stressed than nonminorities c. Men are more stressed than women d. There are no sex or race differences in stress

Q: A person who is competitive and impatient might be called a(n): a. optimist b. pessimist c. Type A personality d. Type B personality

Q: Type B personalities: a. are likely to react negatively to stress b. are opposite personalities c. never feel stressed d. never feel stressed

Q: Which of the following would be least likely to react negatively to stressors? a. Type A personalities b. Neurotics c. Type B personalities d. All three would react negatively

Q: Stress that is converted to positive energy is called: a. distress b. strain c. stressors d. eustress

Q: The physical and psychological consequences to stress are called: a. distress b. strains c. stressors d. eustress

Q: The psychological and physical reaction to certain events or situations is called: a. strain b. stress c. stressors d. eustress

Q: Name and briefly describe the three common flexible working schedules/

Q: What are the four common flexible work arrangement strategies?

Q: What are five strategies an organization can use to reduce the need for downsizing?

Q: Name and briefly describe the five decision-making strategies in the Vroom-Yetton Model.

Q: Name and describe the five types of people involved with change.

Q: What are the five stages in employee acceptance of change?

Q: Name and briefly describe the three types of sacred-cow hunts.

Q: Most companies that downsize: a. reduce expenses b. have fewer disability claims c. have increased productivity d. do not increase their financial success

Q: Survivors of layoffs: a. tend to quickly leave the company b. are more apt to take risks c. have lower role ambiguity d. lose self-confidence

Q: Which of the following is NOT true about the effects of layoffs? a. Survivors have problems b. Victims have problems c. The local community suffers d. All three are true

Q: Which of the following would NOT be discussed during financial counseling? a. Severance pay b. Transferable skills c. Unemployment insurance d. All three would be discussed

Q: Which of the following services is NOT needed by layoff victims? a. Emotional counseling b. Financial counseling c. Career assessment d. All three are needed

Q: Having support groups in which downsized employees can vent would be most useful duringwhich of the following stages? a. Anger b. Denial c. Fear d. Acceptance

Q: When employees receive word of downsizing, the first stage they go through is: a. anger b. denial c. fear d. acceptance

Q: When a layoff is announced, employees should be told: a. in a formal, written announcement b. in person c. on the last day they will be working d. all three are good practices

Q: An employee who ______ might be vulnerable to being downsized. a. has kept up with technology b. has excellent performance ratings c. has a lot of idle time d. all three are signs of risk

Q: Which of the following methods of avoiding downsizing is based on the premise that most economic recessions last less than a year? a. Job sharing b. Restricted overtime c. Reduced employee pay d. Use of payless holidays

Q: A problem with offering early retirement is that: a. it is too expensive b. few employees agree to retire early c. too many employees want to retire d. it is often illegal

Q: Henri is the president of a company with 10 employees. Each employee has full medical benefits and Henri doesn't have the time or knowledge to administer the benefits program. His best bet would be to: a. use outsourcing b. learn the needed skills c. hire a temporary employee each month d. adjust his working schedule

Q: A company gets a huge, one-time order. It needs an additional 40 employees to complete the job but will not need them once the job is done. The best strategy is for the company to: a. not accept the new job b. use temporary employees c. hire and then layoff 40 employees d. bring former employees out of retirement

Q: Which of the following is NOT an alternative to layoffs? a. Use of temporary employees b. Outsourcing c. Both are alternatives d. Neither is an alternative

Q: Which of the following is true about the relationship between economics and downsizing?Prior to downsizing: a. most organizations were losing money b. most organizations were profitable c. employees complained about low wages d. most organizations lost big contracts

Q: Which of the following is a disadvantage of working from home? a. Lower commuting costs for employees b. Lower utility costs for employers c. Unions strongly approve of home work d. It is difficult to enforce safety and fair treatment standards

Q: An employee sews garments for her company at home. Once a week she brings in the finished goods and gets paid. Her work situation would be called: a. telecommuting b. telework c. work at home d. mobile working

Q: Which of the following is the main difference between job sharing and part-time employees? a. Transportation ease b. Safety c. Organizational costs d. Employee commitment

Q: Bob works from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. every day as a clerk; Sue works in that same position except from 1:00 p.m. "‘5:00 p.m. They are working an alternative work schedule called: a. flex time b. gliding time c. job sharing d. peak"‘time pay

Q: With ______, an employee works on an irregular or as-needed basis. a. casual work b. flextime c. peak-time pay d. job sharing

Q: According to research, employees who work 12-hour shifts are _____ than those working8"‘hour shifts. a. more fatigued b. absent more often c. more likely to leave the organization d. less productive

Q: Research on compressed work weeks indicates that compressed schedules are associated with: a. a moderate reduction in absenteeism b. small increases in productivity c. large increases in job satisfaction d. all of these

Q: An example of a compressed work week involves: a. working 4 days a week, 10 hours a day b. working 5 days a week, 8 hours a day c. working staggered hours d. sharing the hours with another employee

Q: Research indicates that flexible working schedules are associated with each of the following criteria except: a. higher levels of fatigue b. less absenteeism c. higher job satisfaction d. slight increases in productivity

Q: The most flexible work schedule is: a. gliding time b. modified flexitour c. job sharing d. core time

Q: _____ are(is) the number of potential hours available for work, whereas ____ consist(s) of hours during which an organization is busiest. a. core/bandwidth b. bandwidth/core c. flex/gliding d. bandwidth/flexitour

Q: A local grocery store has identified hours that everyone must work. These hours are known as: a. bandwidth b. core c. gliding d. gliding

Q: During flextime working hours, ___ refer(s) to the total number of potential hours available for work each day? a. bandwidth b. core hours c. flexible hours d. flexitour hours

Q: Which of the following is true about employees' desire for empowerment? a. All employees want empowerment b. Very few employees want to be empowered c. Most employees want empowerment d. Some want empowerment and some don't

Q: In general, empowering employees ______ job satisfaction and _______ stress. a. increases / decreases b. decreases / decreases c. decreases / increases d. the effects depend on the employee

Q: Raja has been working for Shahidi Enterprises for five years. She works by herself in a building, sorting mail. She is allowed two 20-minutes breaks each day and can take them whenever she wants. In an empowerment chart, at what level would she be at regarding her authority to make decisions about when these two breaks should occur? a. Following b. Advisory c. Participative d. Absolute

Q: At what level of input and control should a new employee be placed? a. Following b. Ownership of own product c. Advisory d. Participative

Q: To reduce misunderstandings about levels of control, _______ should be used. a. the Vroom-Yetton model b. the two-factor theory c. empowerment charts d. memos and e-mail

Q: If an empowered employee makes a wrong decision, a manager should: a. train the employee b. place the employee on a lower input level c. ignore the problem d. keep track of any future problems

Q: A manager asks an employee to study an issue and report back with recommendations on how the issue can be resolved. In this example, the employee is at the _____ level of input and control. a. ownership of own product b. following c. advisory d. absolute

Q: Which of the following levels of employee input and control is the first to remove a "redundantsystem?" a. Ownership of own product b. Following c. Advisory d. Absolute

Q: What is the lowest level of employee input and control? a. ownership of own product b. advisory c. following d. absolute