Q&A Hero

Q: _________ are molecules with the same ratio of atoms but different arrangements of atoms. A. Isotopes B. Structural isomers C. Stereoisomers D. Radioactive isotopes

Q: Covalent bonds are formed between monosaccharides through dehydration synthesis.

Q: The addition of water with the proper enzymes to a molecule is called A. dehydration synthesis. B. condensation. C. hydrolysis. D. combustion.

Q: Which reaction represents a dehydration synthesis reaction? Reaction A B. Reaction B

Q: Carbohydrate molecules have a ratio of twice as many oxygen atoms to carbon atoms.

Q: Sucrose is a disaccharide that is composed of _______________ and ____________. A. glucose, glucose B. glucose, galactose C. glucose, fructose D. fructose, galactose

Q: Glycogen A. is more highly branched than plant starch. B. is a glycoprotein found in the liver. C. is a glycolipid found in skeletal muscles. D. is composed of alternating glucose and galactose molecules.

Q: Molecules with the same atoms, in the same sequence, but arranged differently in space are called A. structural isomers. B. stereoisomers. C. functional groups. D. aromatic molecules.

Q: Molecules that are mirror images of each other are A. enantiomers. B. geometric isomers. C. cis/trans isomers. D. structural isomers.

Q: Organic acids contain carbonyl groups.

Q: Molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms are A. ionic. B. inorganic. C. organic. D. carbonic.

Q: An ionized organic acid is designated with the suffix - ate.

Q: The ionized form of the organic lactic acid is lactate.

Q: How many single bonds can a carbon atom form if it is double-bonded to an oxygen atom? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

Q: A six-sided organic molecule with alternating double bonds is termed a(n) A. aromatic compound. B. ketone. C. alcohol. D. organic acid.

Q: Ketones contain a(n) _______________ group within the carbon chain. A. hydroxyl B. carbonyl C. carboxyl D. aromatic

Q: Organic acids will contain A. a carboxyl group. B. a carbonyl group. C. an amino group. D. a hydroxyl group.

Q: An example of an aromatic substance is A. hexane. B. cyclohexane. C. fructose. D. benzene.

Q: Only L-stereoisomers are absorbed by the digestive tract and used to synthesize organic molecules.

Q: In an acidic solution, A. the OH- ion concentration is greater than the H+ ion concentration. B. the OH- ion concentration is less than the H+ ion concentration. C. the H+ ion concentration is equal to the OH- ion concentration. D. the H+ ion concentration is less than the OH- ion concentration only if the solution is buffered.

Q: A blood pH of 7.6 is A. indicative of acidosis. B. indicative of alkalosis. C. in the normal physiological range. D. indicates effective buffering by the bicarbonate/carbonic acid system.

Q: Regarding acids and bases, A. acids will increase the pH of a solution. B. bases will decrease the pH of a solution. C. acids will accept hydrogen ions in a solution. D. bases will accept hydrogen ions in a solution.

Q: Ammonia usually A. acts as a base. B. acts as an acid. C. acts as a buffer. D. ionizes to form a hydroxyl ion.

Q: Water molecules form _______________ ions when they associate with a hydrogen ion. A. hydroxide B. bicarbonate C. hydronium D. water

Q: A solution of a pH above 7 is called ____________. A. acidic B. neutral basic

Q: Bases will _______________ protons in a solution. A. accept B. donate C. ignore D. repel

Q: The primary buffer in the blood is the _______________ buffer. A. hydronium B. ammonia C. phosphate D. bicarbonate

Q: A buffer has an acid component and a base component that can prevent drastic changes in pH.

Q: The pH of a solution increases as the _______________ ion concentration decreases. A. hydrogen B. hydroxide C. bicarbonate D. sodium

Q: Surface tension between water molecules occurs because adjacent water molecules form _______ bonds with each other. A. nonpolar covalent B. polar covalent C. hydrogen D. ionic

Q: Bonds that are formed between oxygen and hydrogen atoms within water molecules are called A. hydrogen bonds. B. ionic bonds. C. nonpolar covalent bonds. D. polar covalent bonds.

Q: The type of bond found in sodium chloride is A. an ionic bond. B. a polar covalent bond. C. a hydrogen bond. D. a nonpolar covalent bond.

Q: What type of bond is formed between potassium and iodine? A. polar covalent bond B. ionic bond C. nonpolar covalent bond D. hydrogen bond

Q: Which of the following would be most easily broken? A. a hydrogen bond B. a nonpolar covalent bond C. an ionic bond D. a polar covalent bond

Q: The ability of water to be pulled as a column through narrow channels is called A. osmalality. B. surface tension. C. neutrality. D. capillary action.

Q: The pH of a solution is directly proportional to the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution.

Q: Acids release hydrogen ions into solutions.

Q: As the pH of the blood decreases, the amount of hydrogen ions in the blood would decrease.

Q: The formation of hydration spheres makes an ion or molecule soluble in water.

Q: Negatively charged ions will migrate towards the anode in an electrical field.

Q: Hydrogen bonds form between the partially charged atoms of two polar molecules, such as the slightly positively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the slightly negatively charged oxygen atom of another.

Q: Atoms sharing a pair of electrons form covalent bonds.

Q: Carbon atoms form many organic molecules by forming polar covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.

Q: When an atom loses one or more electrons, it A. becomes positively charged. B. becomes negatively charged. C. is called an anion. D. has no change in its charge.

Q: When an atom gains one or more electrons, it A. becomes positively charged. B. has no change in its charge. C. is called an anion. D. is called a cation.

Q: An atom with 5 protons, 5 neutrons, and 6 electrons would have a net charge of A. -1. B. -2. C. +1. D. +2.

Q: _______________ bonds are formed when atoms share electrons unequally. A. Nonpolar covalent B. Ionic C. Polar covalent D. van der Waals

Q: Hydration spheres can be formed by compounds which contain _______________ bonds. A. nonpolar covalent B. polar covalent C. ionic D. either polar covalent or ionic

Q: Ionic bonds are very strong and will not easily dissociate in water.

Q: Hydrophobic molecules would contain _______________ bonds. A. nonpolar covalent B. polar covalent C. hydrogen D. ionic

Q: Isotopes have the same ___________ number, but a different __________ number. A. mass, atomic B. neutron, mass C. atomic, mass D. atomic, proton

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of isotopes of a given atom? A. have the same number of neutrons B. have the same number of protons C. have different atomic masses D. All apply.

Q: The term "chemical element" refers to the most common isotope of that element.

Q: Which of the following subatomic particles have negligible mass? A. electrons B. neutrons C. protons D. Both neutrons and protons.

Q: Molecules with polar covalent bonds are hydrophobic.

Q: Neutrons are uncharged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Q: An element with 5 protons, 5 neutrons, and 5 electrons would have an atomic number of 15.

Q: The atomic nucleus does not contain ____________, which are negatively charged subatomic particles. A. protons electrons C. neutrons

Q: An element with 11 neutrons, 11 protons, and 11 electrons would have a mass number of A. 11 B. 33 C. 22 D. cannot be determined

Q: The __________ is the physical space which an electron occupies in an atom. A. nucleus B. orbital C. energy level D. Both orbital and energy level are correct.

Q: The _______________ electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom. A. kernel B. valence C. atomic D. anion

Q: Which of the following is NOT a major organ of the circulatory system? A. spleen B. heart C. lymphatic vessels D. blood vessels

Q: Which organ system is primarily involved in regulation of blood volume and composition? A. the urinary system B. the digestive system C. the circulatory system D. the integumentary system

Q: Which of the following is NOT a major organ of the integumentary system? A. hair B. nails C. cartilage D. skin

Q: Which organ system provides protection and thermoregulation? A. the urinary system B. the digestive system C. the circulatory system D. the integumentary system

Q: Blood plasma and interstitial fluid are separated from each other and there is little communication and exchange between these fluids.

Q: Since the intracellular and extracellular compartments consist primarily of water, they are said to be A. hydrophobic. B. colloids. C. aqueous. D. blood.

Q: The main body compartment that is inside cells is the ____ compartment. A. extracellular B. interstitial C. intercellular D. intracellular

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of the extracellular fluid compartment? A. It is made up of blood plasma and interstitial fluid. B. It's volume is regulated by the kidneys. C. It makes up 65% of the total body water. D. All are true.

Q: Water makes up _____ of the total body weight of an average adult. A. 50-60% B. 55-65% C. 60-70% D. 65-75%

Q: Most of the water found in the body is in the A. blood. B. intracellular fluid compartment. C. extracellular fluid compartment. D. blood and extracellular fluid compartment.

Q: Embryonic stem cells can form unrelated cell types, so they are considered A. pluripotent. B. multipotent. C. totipotent. D. omnipotent.

Q: Vitamin D produced in the skin may function as a hormone.

Q: By affecting the diameter of cutaneous blood vessels, motor nerve fibers in the skin can regulate the rate of blood flow.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a function of the epidermis? A. a barrier against microorganisms B. prevents water loss C. protects against abrasion D. provides sensations of touch and pain

Q: How does the skin protect a person from the ultraviolet rays of the sun? A. produces sweat B. produces vitamin D C. produces sebum D. produces melanin

Q: What produces "goose bumps"? A. secretion of sweat B. contraction of the arrector pili muscle C. flow of sebum onto the skin D. dilation of cutaneous blood vessels

Q: The ____________ layer of the skin contains sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. A. epidermal dermal C. hypodermal

Q: Which of the following is found primarily within the hypodermal layer of the skin? A. adipose tissue B. nervous tissue C. blood vessels D. hair cells

Q: The zygote (fertilized egg) has the ability to produce all the various types of cells found in the body. This ability is known as A. pluripotent. B. multipotent. C. totipotent. D. omnipotent.