Q&A Hero

Q: Suppose all people with blonde hair have blue eyes and all people with dark hair have brown eyes. If the genes for eye and hair color are on the same chromosome, then what would most likely happen if these chromosomes crossed over? a. Hair and eye color could be inherited independently. b. All people with dark hair would have brown eyes. c. All people with blonde hair will have brown eyes. d. Hair color would be dominant over eye color.

Q: In one family, all three children are homozygous for a recessive gene. What can be concluded about the parents? a. Each parent is also homozygous for the recessive gene. b. Each parent is heterozygous. c. One parent is homozygous for the dominant gene; the other is homozygous for the recessive gene. d. Each parent is either homozygous for the recessive gene or heterozygous.

Q: Suppose both the father and the mother are "heterozygous" for the gene that controls ability to curl the tongue lengthwise, and this gene is dominant. What can we predict about their children? a. All will be heterozygous for the ability to curl. b. All will be homozygous for the ability to curl. c. All will be homozygous for the inability to curl. d. They may be homozygous or heterozygous for ability to curl, or homozygous for inability.

Q: Suppose "A" is a dominant gene for the ability to curl the tongue lengthwise, and "a" is a recessive gene for inability to do so. Which of the following couples can be certain that all their children will be able to curl their tongue lengthwise? a. father aa, mother AA b. father Aa, mother Aa c. father aa, mother aa d. father Aa, mother aa

Q: Suppose "A" is a dominant gene for the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide and "a" is a recessive gene for inability to taste it. Which of the following couples could possibly have both a child who tastes it and a child who does not? a. father AA, mother aa b. father Aa, mother AA c. father Aa, mother Aa d. father AA, mother AA

Q: Suppose "A" is a dominant gene and "a" is a recessive gene. One parent has genes Aa and the other parent has genes aa. What genes will the children probably have? a. All will be AA. b. All will be aa. c. Three-fourths will be Aa, one-fourth aa. d. Half will be Aa, half aa.

Q: Recessive genes manifest their effects only when the individual is ____ for them. a. sex limited b. homo sapien c. homozygous d. heterozygous

Q: A person with two recessive genes is considered to be ____ for that trait. a. homozygous b. heterozygous c. unitary d. marginal

Q: RNA is: a. an exact copy of DNA. b. a complementary copy of one strand of a DNA molecule. c. a combination of many proteins. d. the product of digesting DNA.

Q: Chemically, what is the route from genes to their expression? a. DNA to proteins to RNA b. DNA to RNA to proteins c. proteins to DNA to RNA d. RNA to DNA to proteins

Q: Interruption of the production of RNA would directly affect which of the following? a. protein synthesis b. carbohydrate production c. sex hormone release d. production of DNA

Q: Enzymes serve as ____. a. genetic templates b. physiological markers of chemical reactions in the body c. biological catalysts that regulate chemical reactions in the body d. catalysts for the synthesis of protein molecules

Q: Biological catalysts that regulate chemical reactions in the body are called: a. enzymes. b. DNA. c. RNA. d. nuclei.

Q: A strand of DNA serves as a template (model) for the synthesis of ____. a. chromosomes b. RNA c. Proteins d. Carbohydrates

Q: Chromosomes consist of large, double-stranded molecules of: a. deoxyribonucleic acid. b. ribonucleic acid. c. autosomal genes. d. recombination genes.

Q: What are chromosomes composed of? a. DNA b. RNA c. proteins d. carbohydrates

Q: Units of heredity that maintain their structural identity from one generation to another are: a. enzymes. b. mutations. c. nucleic acids. d. genes.

Q: The results of several studies of facial expressions in people who were born blind suggest: a. a minor role for genetics in the control of facial expressions. b. a major role for genetics as well as environment in the control of facial expressions. c. no role of genetics in the control of facial expressions. d. no role of genetics but a major role of environment in the control of facial expressions.

Q: When researchers try to estimate the heritability of a human behavior, what are the main kinds of individuals they consider? A Twins and adopted children B People from non-western cultures C Newborns and infants D Uneducated people living in educated societies

Q: Of the following, which person is MOST likely to deal exclusively with brain disorders? a. social worker b. physical therapist c. clinical psychologist d. neurologist

Q: Which of the following specialists would be MOST interested in changes in heart rate when students are taking an exam? a. neurologist b. sociobiologist c. psychophysiologist d. neuroscientist

Q: A psychiatrist: a. helps people with emotional distress. b. performs brain surgery. c. treats people with brain damage. d. relates behaviors to the functions they have served in their evolutionary past.

Q: Which of the following specialists is MOST likely to work with people with brain damage? a. comparative psychologist b. biopsychologist c. neuropsychologist d. psychobiologist

Q: Which of the following specialists is MOST likely to hold a medical degree? a. behavioral neuroscientist b. neurologist c. biopsychologist d. neuropsychologist

Q: A medical degree is MOST likely held by which specialist? a. behavioral neuroscientist b. neurologist c. biopsychologist d. neuropsychologist

Q: A comparative psychologist: a. compares the reactions different people have in similar situations. b. considers the evolutionary histories of different species and their behaviors. c. compares nervous system responses of different people. d. helps people with emotional distress.

Q: A neuropsychologist ____. a. has an M.D. and specializes in the treatment of brain damage b. conducts research on animal behavior (similar to an ethologist) c. is more often a teacher than a practitioner d. tests the abilities and disabilities of brain-damaged people

Q: Someone who investigates how the functioning of the brain and other organs influences behavior is called a: a. sociobiologist. b. neuropsychologist. c. behavioral neuroscientist. d. comparative psychologist.

Q: A researcher is interested in how the nervous system responds when the organism is in a certain emotional situation. This researcher might be identified as a(n): a. neuroscientist. b. neurosurgeon. c. sociobiologist. d. comparative psychologist.

Q: Which of the following careers is MOST different than the others? a. Behavioral neuroscientist b. Neuropsychologist c. Psychophysiologist d. Psychiatrist

Q: According to Chalmers, knowing why and how brain activity is associated with consciousness is the: a. mentalistic debate. b. hard problem. c. easy problem. d. problem of other minds.

Q: Chalmers' fundamental "hard problem" is: a. knowing why we sleep. b. understanding how neurotransmitters are created. c. wondering how someone could be a dualist. d. why and how brain activity is associated with consciousness.

Q: According to David Chalmers, consciousness is: a. a fundamental property of matter. b. not necessary for brain functioning. c. easy to observe. d. independent of the brain.

Q: Social workers and clinical psychologists need to be able to recognize possible signs of brain disorder so that they can: a. set up treatment. b. refer the client to the proper specialist. c. construct a behavior plan. d. monitor progress.

Q: The field of biological psychology presents a range of career options in ____ and ____. a. research; sociology b. therapy; philosophy c. research; therapy d. therapy; sociology

Q: A director position in research would normally require at least a ____. a. Ph.D. b. master's degree c. bachelor's degree d. research certificate

Q: A stroke patient might seek the aid of a(n) ____ to increase the functions of daily life. a. neuroscientist b. clinical psychologist c. occupational therapist d. neurochemist

Q: A ____ helps people with emotional distress or troublesome behaviors, sometimes using drugs or other medical procedures. a. clinical psychologist b. psychiatrist c. neuropsychologist d. counseling psychologist

Q: Most ____ have a mixture of psychological and medical training, and they work in hospitals and clinics. a. neurochemists b. neuropsychologists c. neurologists d. neuroscientists

Q: A(n) ____ investigates the chemical reactions in the brain. a. neurochemist b. psychophysiologist c. comparative psychologist d. neurologist

Q: Fields that focus on research include all of the following except: a. neuroscience. b. neuropsychology. c. neurochemistry. d. neurology.

Q: Each of the following requires a Ph.D. except for a ____. a. clinical psychologist b. counseling psychologist c. school psychologist d. social worker

Q: The sea dragon is a fish that looks and acts like kelp in order to attract its food. The explanation that proposed that this is due to genetic modification that expands smaller appendages already present in these fish's ancestors would be the ____ explanation. a. functional b. evolutionary c. otogenetic d. biological

Q: The use of certain behaviors for camouflage is something that would be covered with the ____ explanation. a. functional b. otogenetic c. evolutionary d. physiological

Q: In furry animals, the erection of hairs helps the animal: a. show fear. b. hide. c. look intimidating. d. get warm.

Q: The erections of hairs on the body, most often around arms and shoulders are called: a. static. b. fur. c. goose bumps. d. insulation.

Q: Goose bumps ____ in humans. a. show fear b. show anger c. create intimidation d. no longer serve a purpose

Q: The explanation that would be used to call attention to the presence of goose bumps in humans would be the ____ explanation. a. evolutionary b. otogenetic c. neurological d. physiological

Q: The ____ explanation calls attention to features left over from ancestors that serve little or no function in descendants. a. otogenetic b. physiological c. evolutionary d. biological

Q: The view of the brain from below is called the ____ view. a. anterior b. linear c. ventral d. dorsal

Q: The view of the brain from above is called the ____ view. a. anterior b. ventral c. dorsal d. posterior

Q: The brain has an enormous number of ____ and ____. a. sections; spaces b. divisions; subareas c. appendages; spaces d. sections; subareas

Q: Biological psychology is a field of study and a ____. a. fundamental property b. string theory c. way to understand our place in the cosmos d. point of view

Q: In addition to when you are in a dreamless sleep, consciousness does not occur when you are ____ a. in a coma. b. daydreaming. c. watching television. d. exercising.

Q: Consciousness does not occur when: a. you are awake. b. you are dreaming. c. You are daydreaming. d. you are in a dreamless sleep.

Q: Consciousness occurs: a. in all kinds of nervous systems some of the time. b. In certain parts of certain kinds of nervous system all of the time. c. in certain parts of certain kinds of nervous systems some of the time. d. in all kinds of nervous systems all of the time.

Q: An adult male sparrow sings its normal song: a. if he hears the song during a sensitive period early in his life. b. only when he hears a female bird singing. c. if his own species' song is the first song he hears when young. d. regardless of whether or not he has ever heard his species' song from another bird.

Q: Which of the following would be a physiological explanation for why birds sing? a. Testosterone causes the growth of certain brain areas which control singing in certain birds. b. Birds sing due to instinct. c. Birds sing because they hear their song early in life and form a template which controls later singing. d. Birds sing to defend territories and attract mates.

Q: Which of the following would be a functional explanation for why birds sing? a. Testosterone causes the growth of certain brain areas which control singing in certain birds. b. Birds sing due to instinct. c. Birds sing because they hear their song early in life and form a template which controls later singing. d. Birds sing to defend territories and attract mates.

Q: In certain species of songbirds, development of the song requires the opportunity to hear the appropriate song during a sensitive period in life as well as the genes to prepare them to learn the song. This is a(n) ____ explanation of birdsong. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional

Q: In most bird species, only the male sings and then only in his territory during the reproductive season. This is to attract females and to ward off other males, which serves to improve their chances of mating. This behavior demonstrates: a. that physiological explanations are preferred over other kinds of explanations. b. learning during a critical period. c. that physiological, ontogenetic, evolutionary, and functional explanations are mutually exclusive. d. how physiological, ontogenetic, evolutionary, and functional explanations can all be used to explain the same behavior.

Q: A(n) ____ explanation of human behavior is often controversial, because many behaviors alleged to be part of our evolutionary heritage could have been learned instead. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional

Q: The amygdala appears to be an important part of the brain for experiencing fear. Which of the following is an example of a functional explanation of fear? a. Describing the anatomical connections between the amygdala and other parts of the brain b. Describing the neurotransmitters involved in the activity of the amygdala c. Describing why fear improves the chances for survival d. Describing how fears develop in infancy

Q: In a small population of sheep, the dominant male may produce many more offspring than the other males, spreading his genes. This is an example of: a. a physiological explanation. b. artificial selection. c. genetic drift. d. recombination.

Q: Which of the following is TRUE about genetic drift? a. It occurs more often in large populations. b. It occurs when species move to a new location. c. It takes thousands of years to happen. d. It occurs more often in small populations.

Q: Which type of explanation describes the advantages provided by a particular structure or behavior? a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional

Q: Which type of explanation might describe the presence of a behavior in a particular species by showing how that behavior increased the reproductive success of the species? a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. solipsistic

Q: How human language develops as the result of genes and the opportunity to hear language during a sensitive period in early life is an example of a(n) ____ explanation. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional

Q: Piren conducted a study into the characteristics of minority women who pursue mathematics and science degrees. Some of her findings suggest that Social Economic Status is an important factor in predicting which women continue in Math and Science and which do not. Further, parents educational background was the largest SES predictor variable. Piren will address each of these findings in relation to her hypothesis and the existing research in which section of her research report?a. Methodb. Resultsc. Discussiond. Appendix

Q: Daniel is an ethnographic researcher who studies the daily lives of Migrant children. Which of the following is most likely a primary data collection technique for Daniel to use in his study? a. Surveys b. Standardized assessments c. Interviews d. Participant observation

Q: In a distribution with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 5, a T score of 30 equals a score of a. 35. b. 40. c. 45. d. 55.

Q: George suspects that there is a curvilinear relationship in his data set. Which of the following correlation coefficient should George calculate? a. Pearson b. eta c. Kendall's tau d. Spearman rho

Q: The college Dean asked Meg to conduct a study that surveyed one half of the college students regarding their opinions of change in course offerings. Which nonrandom sampling approach is Meg likely to use? a. Convenience sampling b. Quota sampling c. Purposive sampling d. Systematic sampling

Q: Sarah interviewed all of the members from three families living in public housing as part of her thesis on a description of academic achievement goals of high school children living in poverty. In which section of Sarah's report will transcripts of these interviews be included?a. Methodb. Resultsc. Discussiond. Appendix

Q: Which of the following is NOT generally a narrative research approach? a. Restorying b. Oral history c. Testing d. Storytelling

Q: In a distribution with a mean of 28 and a standard deviation of 2 almost all the scores fall between a. 22-34. b. 24-32. c 22-30. d. 26-30.

Q: Gretchen wanted to see if given a sample of teachers' that graduated from colleges and Universities, GPA in college was related to starting salary as a teacher. Which correlation coefficient should Gretchen calculate? a. Pearson r b. eta c. Kendall's tau d. Spearman rho

Q: The school board asked Han to conduct a study on the attitudes of faculty regarding the proposed school uniform policy. Han stops by the teachers' lounge and surveys the faculty present. Which nonrandom sampling approach did Han employ? a. Convenience sampling b. Quota sampling c. Purposive sampling d. Systematic sampling

Q: Steve has defended his dissertation and his committee told him to submit it for publication. One aspect of the current report he will not include when he sends it to a journal for review isa. the abstract.b. the preliminary pages.c. the method.d. the results.

Q: Graham is a new researchers and has questions regarding the role of technology in the narrative research processes. Given knowledge from your text, of the following, which recommendation would you make to Graham? a. Narrative researchers rely only on traditional, face-to-face, methods of communication b Email and other forms of electronic communication can inform narrative research. c. It is recommended to rely on both traditional and electronic communication. d. As a researcher today, it is recommended that you rely only on electronic communication.