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Physic
Q:
If the Moon were four times as massive but twice as far from Earth, high tides on Earth would be
A) higher.
B) lower.
C) no different.
Q:
If the Moon were covered with water, tidal effects caused by Earth would find the Moon with
A) 1 tidal bulge.
B) 2 tidal bulges.
C) 3 tidal bulges.
D) 4 tidal bulges.
E) no tidal bulges.
Q:
The origin of any microtides in the human body is most likely the
A) Sun.
B) Moon.
C) Earth.
Q:
For lunar tides to occur in the human body
A) most of the body would have to be in the liquid state.
B) Earth's gravitation would have to be incredibly small.
C) parts of the body would have to be appreciably closer to the Moon than other parts.
D) none of the above
Q:
We do not observe tides in a community swimming pool because
A) gravitation on the small mass of water is negligibly small.
B) it is shallow compared to the ocean.
C) all parts of it are practically the same distance from the Moon.
D) they are masked by the much stronger pull of Earth gravity.
E) the tides are only observed at night.
Q:
Which of these three produces the greatest tidal effect on you right now?
A) the Moon
B) the Sun
C) the Earth
Q:
Which produces a greater tidal effect in your body, the Moon or a 1-kg melon held at arm's length above your head?
A) the Moon
B) the melon
C) both about equally
Q:
The best time for digging clams (when the low tide is extra low) is during the time of the
A) new or full moon.
B) half moon.
C) quarter moon.
D) none of the above
Q:
The Earth is closer to the Sun in January than in July, which accounts for the fact that the highest high tides in the Northern Hemisphere occur in
A) winter.
B) spring.
C) summer.
D) none of the above
Q:
During an eclipse of the Sun the high ocean tides on Earth are
A) extra high.
B) extra low.
C) not significantly different.
Q:
On each given day and location, tides rise and fall at
A) about the same time.
B) exactly the same time.
C) different times.
D) ever increasing rates daily.
Q:
If the Moon had twice as much mass and still orbits Earth at the same distance, ocean bulges on Earth would be
A) smaller.
B) larger.
C) unequal in size.
D) not significantly different.
E) none of the above
Q:
One side of the Moon continually facing Earth is
A) a passing phenomenon.
B) a cosmic coincidence.
C) tidal lock.
Q:
Tidal bulges on the Moon involve the concept of
A) torques.
B) elasticity.
C) slight water on the Moon.
D) magnetism.
Q:
Tides caused mainly by the Moon occur in Earth's
A) oceans.
B) atmosphere.
C) interior.
D) all of the above
Q:
Tidal forces in general are the result of
A) two or more sources of gravitation.
B) a combination of any kind of forces acting on a body.
C) unequal forces acting on different parts of a body.
D) the inverse-square law.
E) unequal fluid flow.
Q:
The main reason ocean tides exist is that Moon's pull is stronger
A) than the pull of the Sun.
B) on water closer to it than on water farther away.
C) on Earth's oceans than on Earth itself.
D) all of the above
Q:
Which is most responsible for Earth's ocean tides?
A) Moon
B) Sun
C) both contribute equally.
Q:
Which pulls on the oceans of Earth with a greater force?
A) Moon
B) Sun
C) both pull the same.
Q:
When you step on a weighing scale at noon, Earth pulls you downward and the overhead Sun pulls you upward. The reason the Sun's pull doesn't decrease your weight at noon is because
A) the Sun's pull on you is negligibly small.
B) the weighing scale is calibrated only in Earth weight.
C) you, the scale, and Earth are in free fall (in orbit) around the Sun.
D) the Sun's pull is cancelled by the gravitation of other celestial bodies.
E) of tidal effects in the "solid" Earth.
Q:
If the Sun became twice as massive, your attraction to the Sun would double and your weight as measured on Earth would
A) double.
B) quadruple.
C) not change.
Q:
Passengers in a high-flying jumbo jet feel their normal weight in flight, while passengers in an orbiting space vehicle do not, because passengers in the space vehicle are
A) beyond the main pull of Earth's gravity.
B) above Earth's atmosphere.
C) without support forces.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
Inside a freely-falling elevator, you would have no
A) gravitational force on you.
B) weight.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
Inside a freely-falling runaway elevator, your
A) acceleration is zero.
B) weight is zero.
C) gravitational interaction with Earth is zero.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q:
You experience weightlessness
A) in the absence of a supporting surface.
B) momentarily when you step off a chair.
C) in a freely falling elevator.
D) all of the above
Q:
You can experience weight
A) standing on Earth's surface.
B) in an accelerating elevator away from Earth.
C) in a rotating habitat in space.
D) all of the above
Q:
If you jounce up and down on a bathroom scale, what varies on the scale reading is
A) mg.
B) the normal force.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
When you weigh yourself on a bathroom scale on a slight incline instead of a level surface, your weight reading on the scale will be
A) less.
B) no different.
C) more.
Q:
Your weight is the force
A) due to gravity only.
B) you exert against a supporting surface.
C) equal to your normal force on any surface.
Q:
The planet Jupiter is about 300 times as massive as Earth, yet on its surface you would weigh only about 3 times as much because
A) your mass is 100 times less on Jupiter.
B) Jupiter is significantly farther from the Sun.
C) Jupiter's radius is about 10 times Earth's radius.
D) you are 100 times more weightless there.
E) none of the above
Q:
The force of gravity acts on all apples on an apple tree. Some apples are twice as far from the ground as others. For the same mass these twice-as-high apples have
A) 1/4 the weight.
B) 1/2 the weight.
C) practically the same weight.
Q:
A weight watcher who normally weighs 400 N stands on top of a very tall ladder so she is one Earth radius above Earth's surface. How much is her weight there?
A) 0
B) 100 N
C) 200 N
D) 400 N
E) none of the above
Q:
Two planets in space gravitationally attract each other. If both the masses and distances are doubled, the force between them is
A) one-quarter.
B) half as much.
C) twice as much.
D) four times as much.
E) none of the above
Q:
If Earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would
A) decrease to one-quarter.
B) decrease to half.
C) stay the same.
D) none of the above
Q:
When the distance between two stars decreases by one-third, the force between them
A) decreases by one-third.
B) decreases by one-half.
C) increases to twice as much.
D) increases to nine times as much.
E) none of the above
Q:
As two objects moving toward each other due to gravity get closer, the acceleration of each
A) decreases.
B) remains constant.
C) increases.
Q:
The force of Earth's gravity on a capsule in space increases as it comes closer. When the capsule moves to half its distance, the force toward Earth is then
A) twice.
B) three times greater.
C) four times greater.
D) none of the above
Q:
The force of Earth's gravity on a capsule in space will lessen as it moves farther away. If the capsule moves to twice its distance, the force toward Earth becomes
A) half.
B) three-quarters.
C) one-fourth.
D) none of the above
Q:
In comparison with other fundamental forces, the universal gravitational constant G indicates that gravity is
A) very weak.
B) strong.
C) very strong.
Q:
The universal gravitational constant G was first measured
A) before Newton's time.
B) by Newton himself.
C) after Newton's time.
Q:
The difference between Newton's law as a proportion and an equation involves
A) the constant G.
B) the equal sign.
C) one being a vector and the other not.
D) magnitude and direction.
Q:
To make a profit a buyer purchases metal by weight at one altitude and sells it at the same price per pound at another altitude. The supplier should
A) buy at a high altitude and sell at a low altitude.
B) buy at a low altitude and sell at a high altitude.
C) it makes no difference.
Q:
If a block is set sliding on a huge imaginary frictionless plane in contact with Earth's surface, it will NOT sustain a constant speed because
A) a component of gravitational force parallel to the plane soon acts on it.
B) gravity gets weaker as distance increases.
C) it is not free from the shackles of Earth's gravity.
D) of its inertia.
Q:
Two objects move toward each other due to gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the force between them
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains constant.
Q:
A very massive object A and a less massive object B move toward each other under the influence of gravity. Which force, if either, is greater?
A) the force on A
B) the force on B
C) both forces are the same.
Q:
If the Sun were twice as massive
A) its pull on Earth would double.
B) the pull of Earth on the Sun would double.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
If the mass of Earth somehow increased with no change in radius, your weight would
A) increase also.
B) decrease.
C) stay the same.
Q:
What is the force of gravity on a 500-N woman standing on Earth's surface?
A) 50 N
B) 250 N
C) 500 N
D) 5000 N
E) none of the above
Q:
If Earth's radius somehow increased with no change in mass, your weight would
A) increase also.
B) decrease.
C) stay the same.
Q:
According to Newton, when the distance between two interacting objects doubles, the gravitational force is
A) half.
B) one-quarter.
C) the same.
D) twice as much.
E) four times as much.
Q:
According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects, the
A) less the gravitational force between them.
B) greater the gravitational force between them.
C) greater the force between them by the square of the masses.
Q:
Newton discovered
A) gravity.
B) that gravity is universal.
C) neither of these
Q:
If you're on a Ferris wheel at a carnival, seated 10 m from the Ferris wheel's axis that makes a complete rotation each minute, your linear speed is
A) 10 m/min.
B) 31.4 m/min.
C) 62.8 m/min.
D) 100 m/min.
E) need more information
Q:
The net force exerted on a car traveling in a circular path at constant speed is
A) directed forward, in the direction of travel.
B) directed toward the center of the curve.
C) zero because the car is not accelerating.
D) none of the above
Q:
Consider a string with several rocks tied along its length at equally spaced intervals. You whirl the string overhead so that the rocks follow circular paths. Compared with a rock at the end of the string, a rock at the middle moves
A) half as fast.
B) twice as fast.
C) at the same linear speed.
Q:
The circumference of a bicycle wheel is 2 meters. If it rotates at 1 revolution per second then its linear speed is
A) 1 m/s.
B) 2 m/s.
C) 3 m/s.
D) 3.14 m/s.
E) 6.28 m/s.
Q:
The tapered shape of the wheel rims that ride on railroad tracks allows opposite wheels to
A) in effect, vary their diameters.
B) travel at different linear speeds for the same rotational speed.
C) both of these
D) none of these
Q:
Each rolling wheel of a railroad train is tapered. Compared with the wide part, the narrow part of the wheel has a tangential speed that is
A) less.
B) greater.
C) the same for both.
Q:
When a train makes a curve, a tapered wheel rim is able to
A) cover different distances per revolution.
B) maintain a fixed rotational speed.
C) reduce differences in angular speeds.
Q:
When railroad tracks make a curve, the outer track is longer. This means a wheel that rides on the outer track needs to somehow
A) roll slower than the wheel on the inner track.
B) maintain the same speed as the wheel on the inner track.
C) roll faster than the wheel on the inner track.
Q:
Your pet hamster sits on a record player that has constant angular speed. If the hamster moves to a point twice as far from the center, then its linear speed
A) doubles.
B) halves.
C) remains the same.
Q:
If a turntable's rotational speed is doubled, then the linear speed of a pet hamster sitting on the edge of the record will
A) double.
B) halve.
C) remain the same.
Q:
Which horse moves faster in m/s on a merry-go-round?
A) one near inner rail
B) one near outer rail
C) both move at the same speed in m/s.
Q:
Horses with the greatest linear speed on a merry-go-round are located
A) near the center.
B) near the outside.
C) anywhere, because they all move at the same speed.
Q:
As you crawl toward the edge of a large freely-rotating horizontal turntable in a carnival funhouse, the angular momentum of you and the turntable
A) decreases.
B) increases.
C) remains the same, but the revolutions per minute decrease.
D) decreases in direct proportion to your decrease in revolutions per minute.
E) none of these
Q:
As the polar icecaps melt, the resulting water spreads over the entire Earth. This new mass distribution tends to make the length of a day
A) longer.
B) shorter.
C) none of these
Q:
If the planet Jupiter underwent gravitational collapse, its rate of rotation about its axis would
A) decrease.
B) increase.
C) stay the same.
D) need more information
Q:
As a huge rotating cloud of particles in space gravitate together forming an increasingly dense ball, it shrinks in size and
A) rotates slower.
B) rotates at the same speed.
C) rotates faster.
D) cannot rotate.
Q:
When you do somersaults, you'll more easily rotate when your body is
A) straight with both arms above your head.
B) straight with both arms at your sides.
C) curled into a ball shape.
D) no difference
Q:
The chef at the infamous Fattening Tower of Pizza tosses a spinning disk of uncooked pizza dough into the air. The disk becomes wider during its flight, while its rotational speed
A) remains constant.
B) quickens.
C) slows.
Q:
When a twirling ice skater brings her arms inward, her rotational speed
A) decreases.
B) remains the same.
C) increases.
Q:
If the rotational speed of a rotating habitat in space increases, the weight experienced by occupants
A) decreases.
B) stays the same.
C) increases.
D) is always zero.
Q:
A swimming area in a rotating space habitat is located in a region of 1/4 g. If a diver can jump 1 m high in a 1-g region, how high can the same diver jump in the swimming area?
A) 1 m
B) 2 m
C) 4 m
D) 16 m
E) more than 16 m
Q:
The gravitational field simulated by rotation in a space habitat that is best suited for humans is
A) zero.
B) g.
C) one-quarter g.
D) one-half g.
E) three-quarters g.
Q:
Multiple the equation for linear momentum by radial distance r and you have
A) rotational kinetic energy.
B) angular momentum.
C) rotational inertia.
Q:
A difference between linear momentum and angular momentum involves
A) a radial distance.
B) two types of speed.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q:
The bob of a conical pendulum swings in a
A) to-and-fro path.
B) circular path.
C) chaotic path.
Q:
Centripetal force does no work on a circularly-moving object because
A) no change in energy occurs.
B) rotational energy transfers to kinetic energy.
C) centripetal force has no component in the direction of motion.
D) none of the above.
Q:
The force responsible for a car moving steadily along a no-friction icy banked curve is due to
A) centrifugal effects.
B) the normal force at right angles to the curved surface.
C) the radial component of the normal force.
D) none of the above
Q:
Centrifugal forces are an apparent reality to observers in a reference frame that is
A) moving at constant velocity.
B) an inertial reference frame.
C) at rest.
D) rotating.
E) none of the above