Accounting
Anthropology
Archaeology
Art History
Banking
Biology & Life Science
Business
Business Communication
Business Development
Business Ethics
Business Law
Chemistry
Communication
Computer Science
Counseling
Criminal Law
Curriculum & Instruction
Design
Earth Science
Economic
Education
Engineering
Finance
History & Theory
Humanities
Human Resource
International Business
Investments & Securities
Journalism
Law
Management
Marketing
Medicine
Medicine & Health Science
Nursing
Philosophy
Physic
Psychology
Real Estate
Science
Social Science
Sociology
Special Education
Speech
Visual Arts
Marketing
Q:
Paths show the association between nodes in an associative network.
Q:
Prototypes present concepts in an associative network.
Q:
Declarative knowledge is represented in an associative network when two nodes are linked by a path.
Q:
Knowledge in long-term memory is stored in an associative network.
Q:
Consumers who reach the elaboration stage are least likely to meaningfully encode information so that intentional retrieval becomes impossible at a later stage.
Q:
Cognitive interference provides the deepest comprehension and greatest chance of accurate recall.
Q:
With elaboration, increased information is retrieved from long-term memory and attached to the new information and understanding.
Q:
If consumers do not tag information in a meaningful way, the encoding process results in errors.
Q:
Barring some physical incapacity, long-term memory represents permanent information storage.
Q:
When a consumer retrieves information from long-term memory, it is processed once again in sensory memory.
Q:
A chunk includes seven memory units.
Q:
A memory trace is a mental path by which some thought becomes dormant.
Q:
Repetition is the best form of learning.
Q:
Workbench memory has unlimited duration.
Q:
Retrievalis the process by which information is transferred back into workbench memory for additional processing when needed.
Q:
The more involved a consumer is with a message, the lesser will be the capacity of his workbench memory.
Q:
Workbench memory has limited capacity.
Q:
Intentional learning can be based solely on sensory memory.
Q:
The strength of sensory memory is duration, but the weakness is capacity.
Q:
Sensory memory is considered to be preattentive.
Q:
Positively framed information generally has a greater impact on consumers.
Q:
Positively framed information primes losses, which consumers want to avoid, and encourages consumers to be more willing to take a chance on a product.
Q:
Consumers who are right brain dominant may respond particularly well to metaphors.
Q:
Hemispheric lateralization influences metaphor comprehension.
Q:
Right-brain-dominant consumers tend to deal better with verbal processing (words), whereas left-brain-dominant consumers tend to be visual processors.
Q:
Rumination is the process by which continuous exposure to a stimulus affects the comprehension of and response to some stimulus.
Q:
In terms of comprehension, familiarity can increase a consumer's motivation to process a message.
Q:
Consumers display a preference for things that are consistent with their prior knowledge.
Q:
In a message, everything besides the figure should be less important and simply represent the ground (or background) relative to the central message.
Q:
Consumers tend to comprehend and remember more from an ad that is presented with congruent material surrounding it.
Q:
Marketers should maximize incongruity in marketing messages if the primary goal is to create a favorable attitude rather than increased comprehension.
Q:
Consumers prefer objects that are consistent with the golden section.
Q:
Consumers display greater recall of an intended message when information is presented in sequence rather than in intervals.
Q:
Consumers derive meaning from both the actual text of a message and the visual presentation of the message.
Q:
Generally speaking, the greater the movement, the larger the picture, or the louder the sound, the less likely a consumer is to attend and comprehend something from a message.
Q:
The physical characteristics of a message refer to the elements of a message that one senses directly.
Q:
Consumers must comprehend marketing messages in order to learn the intended value of a product.
Q:
Comprehension applies not only to consumer learning but to consumers' attitudes as well.
Q:
Internal factors within the consumer powerfully influence the comprehension process.
Q:
Research suggests that traditional cigarette warning labels have a significant impact on consumer behavior.
Q:
Consumers can realize value even without an ability to assign meaning to the things consumed.
Q:
Explain script with respect to memory and describe a script for each of the following situations:
(a) attending an awards ceremony
(b) shopping for a computer
(c) attending a sporting event
(d) going on a first date
Q:
Create your associative network for a brand of athletic shoes of your choice and include at least five nodes. Define declarative knowledge, node, and path in associative networks, and identify each in your network.
Q:
Name and describe four mental processes that help consumers remember things. Discuss an example of how you can use each to perform better in an exam.
Q:
Compare and contrast the different memory stores in the multiple store theory of memory.
Q:
Define comprehension. List the main factors that influence consumer comprehension. Discuss an example of each factor.
Q:
VALENTINE"S DAY SCENARIOTodd decides to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wants this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fancy restaurant. He is not sure about the choice of restaurant, and so he asks his boss, who often patronizes fancy restaurants, for suggestions. Though Todd doesn"t have much experience in fine restaurants, he knows what to expect: he will give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. On the big day, he goes to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hand and the ring in his pocket. He likes the restaurant his boss suggested, and thinks the food is really good, but finds the choice of background music odd. In his opinion, a fancy restaurant shouldn"t be playing pop music. However, the rest of the night goes according to plan. He will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looks and how happy they are when she accepts his proposal.Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. The sequence of events Todd mentally went through regarding what to expect at the restaurant is an example of _____.a. framingb. habituationc. a scriptd. chunkinge. an exemplar
Q:
VALENTINE"S DAY SCENARIOTodd decides to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wants this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fancy restaurant. He is not sure about the choice of restaurant, and so he asks his boss, who often patronizes fancy restaurants, for suggestions. Though Todd doesn"t have much experience in fine restaurants, he knows what to expect: he will give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. On the big day, he goes to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hand and the ring in his pocket. He likes the restaurant his boss suggested, and thinks the food is really good, but finds the choice of background music odd. In his opinion, a fancy restaurant shouldn"t be playing pop music. However, the rest of the night goes according to plan. He will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looks and how happy they are when she accepts his proposal. Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. Todd will remember the day for the rest of his life. He's going to remember how wonderful the food was; how special it was when he asked her to marry him; and the look on her face when she said yes. Todd's memory of the night he proposed is an example of a(n) _____ memory.a. hapticb. iconicc. episodicd. echoice. procedural
Q:
VALENTINE"S DAY SCENARIOTodd decides to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wants this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fancy restaurant. He is not sure about the choice of restaurant, and so he asks his boss, who often patronizes fancy restaurants, for suggestions. Though Todd doesn"t have much experience in fine restaurants, he knows what to expect: he will give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. On the big day, he goes to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hand and the ring in his pocket. He likes the restaurant his boss suggested, and thinks the food is really good, but finds the choice of background music odd. In his opinion, a fancy restaurant shouldn"t be playing pop music. However, the rest of the night goes according to plan. He will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looks and how happy they are when she accepts his proposal. Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. The pop music Todd was exposed to while he was in the restaurant is most likely to be stored in his _____ memory.a. echoicb. iconicc. episodicd. procedurale. haptic
Q:
VALENTINE"S DAY SCENARIOTodd decides to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wants this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fancy restaurant. He is not sure about the choice of restaurant, and so he asks his boss, who often patronizes fancy restaurants, for suggestions. Though Todd doesn"t have much experience in fine restaurants, he knows what to expect: he will give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. On the big day, he goes to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hand and the ring in his pocket. He likes the restaurant his boss suggested, and thinks the food is really good, but finds the choice of background music odd. In his opinion, a fancy restaurant shouldn"t be playing pop music. However, the rest of the night goes according to plan. He will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looks and how happy they are when she accepts his proposal. Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. Todd thought it was strange for a fine restaurant to be playing pop music in the dining room. It didn"t match his concept of fancy restaurants. For Todd, the message conveyed by the restaurant environment lacked _____.a. complexityb. intensityc. congruityd. acceptabilitye. visibility
Q:
VALENTINE"S DAY SCENARIOTodd decides to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wants this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fancy restaurant. He is not sure about the choice of restaurant, and so he asks his boss, who often patronizes fancy restaurants, for suggestions. Though Todd doesn"t have much experience in fine restaurants, he knows what to expect: he will give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. On the big day, he goes to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hand and the ring in his pocket. He likes the restaurant his boss suggested, and thinks the food is really good, but finds the choice of background music odd. In his opinion, a fancy restaurant shouldn"t be playing pop music. However, the rest of the night goes according to plan. He will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looks and how happy they are when she accepts his proposal.Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. Which source characteristic of his boss did Todd most likely consider when he asked him to suggest a restaurant?a. Likeabilityb. Attractivenessc. Trustworthinessd. Specificitye. Expertise
Q:
PROM NIGHT SCENARIOSara had been very excited thinking about her approaching senior prom. She had been flipping through many fashion journals for "the dress". She had almost zeroed in on a gold dress. However, believing it to be too expensive, she did not even bother to check the price, even though, the advertisement said "affordable elegance". Finally, she chose an orange chiffon dress. As she tried the dress on, a sequence of events began to play in her mindhow Jake, her date, will come to pick her up in a limousine, and will tie a corsage around her wrist, how her parents will click a picture, and how they will zoom away to the prom venue and dance the night awayimages that have been playing on her mind for days now. On the night of the prom, as she was dancing with Jake, she thought to herself, "Everything is just the way it should be." She was so happy when she was dancing the waltz thatthe crowd, the noise, the musiceverything drowned out. When they finally sat down for dinner, they were served by butlers. These butlers were efficient, tactful and mannerly, exactly the way Sara and her friends had always imagined butlers would be like. It was perfect. The night was very special for Sara and she thought that she will remember it for the rest of her life as one of her happiest memories. Refer to Prom Night Scenario. The butler was efficient, tactful and mannerly, exactly the way Sara and her friends had always imagined butlers would be. For Sara and her friends, the butler represented the social _____ of butlers.a. specimenb. samplec. scriptd. archetypee. stereotype
Q:
PROM NIGHT SCENARIOSara had been very excited thinking about her approaching senior prom. She had been flipping through many fashion journals for "the dress". She had almost zeroed in on a gold dress. However, believing it to be too expensive, she did not even bother to check the price, even though, the advertisement said "affordable elegance". Finally, she chose an orange chiffon dress. As she tried the dress on, a sequence of events began to play in her mindhow Jake, her date, will come to pick her up in a limousine, and will tie a corsage around her wrist, how her parents will click a picture, and how they will zoom away to the prom venue and dance the night awayimages that have been playing on her mind for days now. On the night of the prom, as she was dancing with Jake, she thought to herself, "Everything is just the way it should be." She was so happy when she was dancing the waltz thatthe crowd, the noise, the musiceverything drowned out. When they finally sat down for dinner, they were served by butlers. These butlers were efficient, tactful and mannerly, exactly the way Sara and her friends had always imagined butlers would be like. It was perfect. The night was very special for Sara and she thought that she will remember it for the rest of her life as one of her happiest memories. Refer to Prom Night Scenario. The night was very special for Sara and she thought that she will remember it for the rest of her life as one of her happiest memories. Sara's memory of her prom night is an example of a(n) _____ memory.a. hapticb. iconicc. episodicd. procedurale. echoic
Q:
PROM NIGHT SCENARIOSara had been very excited thinking about her approaching senior prom. She had been flipping through many fashion journals for "the dress". She had almost zeroed in on a gold dress. However, believing it to be too expensive, she did not even bother to check the price, even though, the advertisement said "affordable elegance". Finally, she chose an orange chiffon dress. As she tried the dress on, a sequence of events began to play in her mindhow Jake, her date, will come to pick her up in a limousine, and will tie a corsage around her wrist, how her parents will click a picture, and how they will zoom away to the prom venue and dance the night awayimages that have been playing on her mind for days now. On the night of the prom, as she was dancing with Jake, she thought to herself, "Everything is just the way it should be." She was so happy when she was dancing the waltz thatthe crowd, the noise, the musiceverything drowned out. When they finally sat down for dinner, they were served by butlers. These butlers were efficient, tactful and mannerly, exactly the way Sara and her friends had always imagined butlers would be like. It was perfect. The night was very special for Sara and she thought that she will remember it for the rest of her life as one of her happiest memories. Refer to Prom Night Scenario. Which of the following represents the sequence of events Sara mentally went through regarding what to expect on her prom night?a. Epitomeb. Scriptc. Exemplard. Archetypee. Stereotype
Q:
PROM NIGHT SCENARIOSara had been very excited thinking about her approaching senior prom. She had been flipping through many fashion journals for "the dress". She had almost zeroed in on a gold dress. However, believing it to be too expensive, she did not even bother to check the price, even though, the advertisement said "affordable elegance". Finally, she chose an orange chiffon dress. As she tried the dress on, a sequence of events began to play in her mindhow Jake, her date, will come to pick her up in a limousine, and will tie a corsage around her wrist, how her parents will click a picture, and how they will zoom away to the prom venue and dance the night awayimages that have been playing on her mind for days now. On the night of the prom, as she was dancing with Jake, she thought to herself, "Everything is just the way it should be." She was so happy when she was dancing the waltz thatthe crowd, the noise, the musiceverything drowned out. When they finally sat down for dinner, they were served by butlers. These butlers were efficient, tactful and mannerly, exactly the way Sara and her friends had always imagined butlers would be like. It was perfect. The night was very special for Sara and she thought that she will remember it for the rest of her life as one of her happiest memories.Refer to Prom Night Scenario. Sara was so happy when she was dancing the waltz thatthe crowd, the noise, the musiceverything drowned out. This indicates that the noise of the crowd and the music were most likely to be stored in Sara's _____ memory.a. sensoryb. short-termc. workbenchd. long-terme. procedural
Q:
PROM NIGHT SCENARIOSara had been very excited thinking about her approaching senior prom. She had been flipping through many fashion journals for "the dress". She had almost zeroed in on a gold dress. However, believing it to be too expensive, she did not even bother to check the price, even though, the advertisement said "affordable elegance". Finally, she chose an orange chiffon dress. As she tried the dress on, a sequence of events began to play in her mindhow Jake, her date, will come to pick her up in a limousine, and will tie a corsage around her wrist, how her parents will click a picture, and how they will zoom away to the prom venue and dance the night awayimages that have been playing on her mind for days now. On the night of the prom, as she was dancing with Jake, she thought to herself, "Everything is just the way it should be." She was so happy when she was dancing the waltz thatthe crowd, the noise, the musiceverything drowned out. When they finally sat down for dinner, they were served by butlers. These butlers were efficient, tactful and mannerly, exactly the way Sara and her friends had always imagined butlers would be like. It was perfect. The night was very special for Sara and she thought that she will remember it for the rest of her life as one of her happiest memories.Refer to Prom Night Scenario. Sara decided that the gold dress was expensive and did not even bother to check the price even though the advertisement said it was "affordable." Which of the following theories would best account for Sara's comprehension of the dress as "expensive"?a. Multiple store theoryb. Habituation theoryc. Frame theoryd. Dual coding theorye. Signal theory
Q:
A social _____ is the cognitive representation that gives a specific type of person meaning.a. categorizationb. schemac. scriptd. expectatione. facilitation
Q:
The memory for past events in one's life is known as the _____.
a. procedural memory
b. episodic memory
c. semantic memory
d. implicit memory
e. sensory memory
Q:
Most consumers in the United States have a schema representing a wedding that has the bride coming down the aisle with her father, who gives her to the groom. After the ceremony, the groom kisses the bride. This schema is an example of a(n) _____.
a. script
b. sample
c. exemplar
d. stereotype
e. archetype
Q:
A schema representing an event is known as a(n) _____.
a. exemplar
b. prototype
c. stereotype
d. script
e. archetype
Q:
Some categories are not well represented by an exemplar. For instance, a "pharmaceutical sales rep" category likely does not evoke a specific person who best represents that category. However, an image is associated in one's mind with the category. This type of schema is known as a(n) _____.
a. specimen
b. prototype
c. epitome
d. stereotype
e. archetype
Q:
Harley-Davidson can be said to be the _____ of the motorcycle category because it is that concept within the motorcycle category which can be the single best representative of the motorcycle category.
a. archetype
b. script
c. trace
d. stereotype
e. exemplar
Q:
A concept within a schema that is the single best representative of some category is known as a(n) _____.
a. specimen
b. exemplar
c. archetype
d. script
e. stereotype
Q:
Explain instrumental conditioning and with the help of an example describe how it can be useful in marketing.
Q:
Explain the concept of classical conditioning.
Q:
You work for a canned food trade association. The management wants you to work on an advertising campaign to increase consumers' awareness of the nutritional benefits of canned foods. Discuss the factors that will garner attention of the consumers and how a print ad can be developed employing each factor.
Q:
Compare and contrast implicit and explicit memory with an example of each.
Q:
Explain the concept of just meaningful difference (JMD). Describe with an example, how marketers can use it to influence consumers?
Q:
Explain the JND concept and how it can be applied in marketing practice.
Q:
Describe the processes of assimilation, accommodation, and contrast and explain whether you think assimilation, accommodation, or contrast will occur in each of the following situations:
a. A consumer picks up an unfamiliar piece of fruit that looks like a tiny orange, but it is about the size of a walnut instead of the size of a typical orange. The skin appears to be the same as an orange and it smells like an orange.
b. A consumer sees a vehicle like the car they drive.
c. A consumer sees a vehicle with two people in it flying 18 inches above the ground.
Q:
Explain the consumer perception process.
Q:
Explain the role of perception in learning. Can learning take place without perception?
Q:
WARNING LABELS SCENARIOCigarette packages and advertisements have included warning labels for several years, but the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) signed into law in 2009 required that stronger and more graphic health warnings appear on cigarette packages by 2012. In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration proposed nine new textual warning statements that were much stronger than previous warning statements. The new warning statements included statements such as "Cigarettes are addictive," "Cigarettes cause cancer," and "Tobacco smoke may harm your children." These statements were to be accompanied by color graphics depicting the negative health effects of smoking. Some of the proposed graphics included a picture of diseased lungs, a man smoking with smoke coming out of a hole in his throat, rotted teeth and mouth cancer, a mother blowing smoke in her baby's face, and dead and dying people. The Tobacco Control Act dictated the placement of these statements and graphics on packages and advertisements, taking up at least 50 percent of the front of the package and at least 20 percent of the advertisement. Research reveals that the best way to quit is the reduce the intake of tobacco in small increments over time rather than an attempt to quit it altogether. Refer to Warning Labels Scenario. Research reveals that the best way to quit is the reduce the intake of tobacco in small increments over time rather than an attempt at quitting it altogether. This is an example of achieving the desired behavior through _____.a. selective exposureb. shapingc. selective attentiond. delayed conditioninge. accommodation
Q:
WARNING LABELS SCENARIOCigarette packages and advertisements have included warning labels for several years, but the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) signed into law in 2009 required that stronger and more graphic health warnings appear on cigarette packages by 2012. In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration proposed nine new textual warning statements that were much stronger than previous warning statements. The new warning statements included statements such as "Cigarettes are addictive," "Cigarettes cause cancer," and "Tobacco smoke may harm your children." These statements were to be accompanied by color graphics depicting the negative health effects of smoking. Some of the proposed graphics included a picture of diseased lungs, a man smoking with smoke coming out of a hole in his throat, rotted teeth and mouth cancer, a mother blowing smoke in her baby's face, and dead and dying people. The Tobacco Control Act dictated the placement of these statements and graphics on packages and advertisements, taking up at least 50 percent of the front of the package and at least 20 percent of the advertisement. Research reveals that the best way to quit is the reduce the intake of tobacco in small increments over time rather than an attempt to quit it altogether. Refer to Warning Labels Scenario. In countries where graphic warning labels are already present, some smokers put their cigarette packs in a plastic holder that covers up the information on the package. These consumers' decision to hide the warning label is an example of _____.a. assimilationb. selective distortionc. selective exposured. cognitive dissonancee. accommodation
Q:
WARNING LABELS SCENARIOCigarette packages and advertisements have included warning labels for several years, but the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) signed into law in 2009 required that stronger and more graphic health warnings appear on cigarette packages by 2012. In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration proposed nine new textual warning statements that were much stronger than previous warning statements. The new warning statements included statements such as "Cigarettes are addictive," "Cigarettes cause cancer," and "Tobacco smoke may harm your children." These statements were to be accompanied by color graphics depicting the negative health effects of smoking. Some of the proposed graphics included a picture of diseased lungs, a man smoking with smoke coming out of a hole in his throat, rotted teeth and mouth cancer, a mother blowing smoke in her baby's face, and dead and dying people. The Tobacco Control Act dictated the placement of these statements and graphics on packages and advertisements, taking up at least 50 percent of the front of the package and at least 20 percent of the advertisement. Research reveals that the best way to quit is the reduce the intake of tobacco in small increments over time rather than an attempt to quit it altogether. Refer to Warning Labels Scenario. Many smokers will read the labels on the packs and process the image in the warning, but this will not bring about a change in behavior as they don"t believe that will happen to them personally. This is an example of _____.a. selective exposureb. accommodationc. assimiliationd. learninge. selective distortion
Q:
WARNING LABELS SCENARIOCigarette packages and advertisements have included warning labels for several years, but the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) signed into law in 2009 required that stronger and more graphic health warnings appear on cigarette packages by 2012. In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration proposed nine new textual warning statements that were much stronger than previous warning statements. The new warning statements included statements such as "Cigarettes are addictive," "Cigarettes cause cancer," and "Tobacco smoke may harm your children." These statements were to be accompanied by color graphics depicting the negative health effects of smoking. Some of the proposed graphics included a picture of diseased lungs, a man smoking with smoke coming out of a hole in his throat, rotted teeth and mouth cancer, a mother blowing smoke in her baby's face, and dead and dying people. The Tobacco Control Act dictated the placement of these statements and graphics on packages and advertisements, taking up at least 50 percent of the front of the package and at least 20 percent of the advertisement. Research reveals that the best way to quit is the reduce the intake of tobacco in small increments over time rather than an attempt to quit it altogether. Refer to Warning Labels Scenario. One proposed graphic includes a picture of a set of diseased and distorted human lungs that makes it difficult to immediately identify them as a set of lungs. However, with a little effort most consumers will be able to discern what the graphic actually is because of the accompanying statement concerning cancer. Which of the following reactions is most likely to account for the customers' cognitive categorization of the new product?a. Accomodationb. Assimilationc. Contrastd. Distortione. Integration
Q:
WARNING LABELS SCENARIOCigarette packages and advertisements have included warning labels for several years, but the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) signed into law in 2009 required that stronger and more graphic health warnings appear on cigarette packages by 2012. In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration proposed nine new textual warning statements that were much stronger than previous warning statements. The new warning statements included statements such as "Cigarettes are addictive," "Cigarettes cause cancer," and "Tobacco smoke may harm your children." These statements were to be accompanied by color graphics depicting the negative health effects of smoking. Some of the proposed graphics included a picture of diseased lungs, a man smoking with smoke coming out of a hole in his throat, rotted teeth and mouth cancer, a mother blowing smoke in her baby's face, and dead and dying people. The Tobacco Control Act dictated the placement of these statements and graphics on packages and advertisements, taking up at least 50 percent of the front of the package and at least 20 percent of the advertisement. Research reveals that the best way to quit is the reduce the intake of tobacco in small increments over time rather than an attempt to quit it altogether.Refer to Warning Labels Scenario. The objective of introducing warning labels on cigarette packs is to reduce smoking among consumers, based on the belief that if consumers read these statements and look at the graphic depictions, the desired outcome will be achieved. This change in behavior resulting from the interaction between the consumer and the warning labels is referred to as _____.a. perceptionb. learningc. motivationd. attentione. memory
Q:
LANDSCAPING SCENARIOPetals and Palettes is a firm that provides landscaping services. Mr. Edward Roth, the chief agriculturist of the firm, in an interview to a home and garden magazine, talks about how landscaping can be a tightrope walk. "Our prices vary vastly according to what our clients want. A major haul may cost anything between $300,000 or more for an area spanning a 100 sq.ft. We try and give our clients their money's worth." Mr. Roth explains further, "However, we cannot rule out times when our opinion differs with the client's opinion of "˜worth". We had a client who wanted his garden to have a "˜bit of an air of sophistication without major change." I suggested switching to a finer, more delicate grass. However, when it was done he complained that "˜the grass was still green" and that he cannot see any "˜refinement." So, it's important to know exactly what the client wants and get to the specifics of it in detail." Such stories should not discourage interested entrepreneurs from foraying into landscaping. "Another client asked for something novel and a little different. So, we installed only colored leaves. The idea of a garden with no flowers required a little getting used to for him but he was pleased with the aesthetics." The work gives you an opportunity to brighten people's lives. "Once, a mother came with the request for a "˜fairy tale garden" for her daughters. So, we had water bodies with lilies, lotuses and mermaids; bronze statues of different characters from famous fairy tales. The mother beamed, "˜It's as it should be." A word of caution, however, its not just happy endings all the way in the land of landscaping. "We gave a full refund to a client who wanted us to recreate his childhood. We created a green and lush environment with swings on trees, but unfortunately, he grew up in an arid country with sparse vegetation. So, what we gave him "never gave him a feeling of his childhood" as it was very different from where he grew up." Refer to Landscaping Scenario. A client who wanted his garden to have a "bit of an air of sophistication without any major change," complained "the grass was still green" and that he could not see any "refinement." The client's reaction indicates that the new landscape failed to register a(n) _____ difference when compared with the old one.a. substitutionalb. assimilativec. accommodatived. just noticeablee. distortive
Q:
LANDSCAPING SCENARIOPetals and Palettes is a firm that provides landscaping services. Mr. Edward Roth, the chief agriculturist of the firm, in an interview to a home and garden magazine, talks about how landscaping can be a tightrope walk. "Our prices vary vastly according to what our clients want. A major haul may cost anything between $300,000 or more for an area spanning a 100 sq.ft. We try and give our clients their money's worth." Mr. Roth explains further, "However, we cannot rule out times when our opinion differs with the client's opinion of "˜worth". We had a client who wanted his garden to have a "˜bit of an air of sophistication without major change." I suggested switching to a finer, more delicate grass. However, when it was done he complained that "˜the grass was still green" and that he cannot see any "˜refinement." So, it's important to know exactly what the client wants and get to the specifics of it in detail." Such stories should not discourage interested entrepreneurs from foraying into landscaping. "Another client asked for something novel and a little different. So, we installed only colored leaves. The idea of a garden with no flowers required a little getting used to for him but he was pleased with the aesthetics." The work gives you an opportunity to brighten people's lives. "Once, a mother came with the request for a "˜fairy tale garden" for her daughters. So, we had water bodies with lilies, lotuses and mermaids; bronze statues of different characters from famous fairy tales. The mother beamed, "˜It's as it should be." A word of caution, however, its not just happy endings all the way in the land of landscaping. "We gave a full refund to a client who wanted us to recreate his childhood. We created a green and lush environment with swings on trees, but unfortunately, he grew up in an arid country with sparse vegetation. So, what we gave him "never gave him a feeling of his childhood" as it was very different from where he grew up." Refer to Landscaping Scenario. A client, who wanted Petals and Palettes to recreate his childhood, got a full refund when he complained that their services "never gave him a feeling of childhood" as the lush green environment that they had created was very different from the arid desert he grew up in. With respect to cognitive categorization, which of the following reactions best illustrates the client's response?a. Assimilationb. Accommodationc. Contrastd. Selectione. Motivation
Q:
LANDSCAPING SCENARIOPetals and Palettes is a firm that provides landscaping services. Mr. Edward Roth, the chief agriculturist of the firm, in an interview to a home and garden magazine, talks about how landscaping can be a tightrope walk. "Our prices vary vastly according to what our clients want. A major haul may cost anything between $300,000 or more for an area spanning a 100 sq.ft. We try and give our clients their money's worth." Mr. Roth explains further, "However, we cannot rule out times when our opinion differs with the client's opinion of "˜worth". We had a client who wanted his garden to have a "˜bit of an air of sophistication without major change." I suggested switching to a finer, more delicate grass. However, when it was done he complained that "˜the grass was still green" and that he cannot see any "˜refinement." So, it's important to know exactly what the client wants and get to the specifics of it in detail." Such stories should not discourage interested entrepreneurs from foraying into landscaping. "Another client asked for something novel and a little different. So, we installed only colored leaves. The idea of a garden with no flowers required a little getting used to for him but he was pleased with the aesthetics." The work gives you an opportunity to brighten people's lives. "Once, a mother came with the request for a "˜fairy tale garden" for her daughters. So, we had water bodies with lilies, lotuses and mermaids; bronze statues of different characters from famous fairy tales. The mother beamed, "˜It's as it should be." A word of caution, however, its not just happy endings all the way in the land of landscaping. "We gave a full refund to a client who wanted us to recreate his childhood. We created a green and lush environment with swings on trees, but unfortunately, he grew up in an arid country with sparse vegetation. So, what we gave him "never gave him a feeling of his childhood" as it was very different from where he grew up." Refer to Landscaping Scenario. A mother who wanted a fairy tale garden for her daughters was very happy with the service provided by Petals and Palettes. According to her, the garden was just as she wanted it to be. With respect to cognitive categorization, which of the following reactions best illustrates her response?a. Assimilationb. Accommodationc. Contrastd. Selectione. Distortion