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Q:
The term search regret refers to the negative emotions that come from failed search processes.
Q:
Regret is less likely to be experienced when consumers exert much energy and utilize unfamiliar techniques during the search process.
Q:
Search tends to decrease as a consumer's level of education and income increases.
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Situational factors influence the amount of search that takes place.
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The ability to control information flow increases the value of information and increases the consumers' ability to remember information that is gathered.
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Quality represents the perceived overall goodness or badness of a product.
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A positive role of price exists when product price signals the desirability as well as the prestige associated with owning the product.
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Consumers who are very sensitive to the negative role of price tend to be very bargain conscious.
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Price is information signaling how much potential value may be derived from consuming something.
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The term evaluative criteria is used to refer to the product attributes that consumers consider when reviewing possible solutions to a problem.
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Research confirms that consumers generally consider only a small fraction of the actual number of problem solutions that are available.
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Alternatives that are deemed to be unacceptable for further consideration in decision making comprise a consumer's inert set.
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The inert set includes those alternatives to which consumers are indifferent, or for which strong feelings are not held.
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The size of the awareness set decreases as external search proceeds.
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The total collection of all possible solutions to a recognized need is referred to as the universal set of alternatives.
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Internal search includes the retrieval of knowledge about products, services, and experiences that are stored in memory.
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Information overload refers to the situation in which consumers are presented with so much information that they cannot assimilate it all.
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The difference between ongoing searches and browsing behavior is that an ongoing search is performed when consumers have an enduring interest or involvement with the product, not simply when information is being gathered for a specific purchase.
Q:
Prepurchase search activities are focused on locating information that will enable the consumer to reach a decision for a specific problem.
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In an ongoing search, the search effort is focused on simply staying up to date on a topic of interest.
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Consumer search behavior refers to the behaviors that consumers engage in as they seek information that can be used to satisfy needs.
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The end state is the perceived state for which the consumer strives.
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In opportunity recognition, a consumer's actual state doesn"t change, but his or her desired state changes in some significant way.
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Need recognition occurs when a consumer's actual state matches his/her desired state.
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Satisficing is the practice of using decision-making shortcuts to arrive at satisfactory, rather than optimal, decisions.
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Brand loyalty has an impact on the value of the brand to the firm.
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A consumer is considered loyal if she simply buys the same product habitually.
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Brand inertia is present when a consumer simply buys a product repeatedly without any real attachment.
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Brand loyalty involves deeply-held commitment to rebuy a product or service regardless of situational influences that could lead to switching behavior.
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With habitual decision making, consumers seek extensive information as most consumers experience high involvement with their habits.
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Limited decision making usually occurs when there are relatively low amounts of purchase risk and product involvement.
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With limited decision making,consumers search for extensive information on product prices as they have limited amount of money to spend.
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Extended decision making occurs when involvement is high and when there is a significant amount of purchase risk involved with the decision.
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Consumers engage in extended decision making when they put off the decision making for a later time and restrain themselves from getting involved with the product in consideration.
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The perceived risk for a product or service remains the same across consumers and situations.
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Performance risk is risk associated with the likelihood of a product performing as expected.
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Physical risk is the risk associated with how other consumers will view the purchase.
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Perceived risk refers to the perception of the negative consequences that are likely to result from a course of action and the uncertainty of which course of action is best to take.
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The decision-making approach that is used depends heavily on the amount of involvement a consumer has with a product purchase and the amount of perceived risk involved with the decision.
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Retailers use the "brand-lift index" to measure the incremental sales that occur when a product is on display.
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Experiential decision processes often focus on utilitarian value.
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The rational decision-making perspective focuses on the utilitarian value received from the product.
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The rational decision-making perspective centers on the assumption that human beings are rational creatures who carefully consider their decisions and that they can identify the expected value associated with a purchase.
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Consumer decisions can seldom be analyzed from a combination of decision-making perspectives.
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Decision-making perspectives guide consumers on how to approach decision making.
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Value perceptions influence the activities found in the decision-making process.
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Decision-making processes always involve a tangible product.
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A consumer who initiates the decision-making process always completes the process.
Q:
The activities found in the decision-making process are referred to as steps because consumers proceed through the activities in a sequential fashion.
Q:
The basic consumer behavior consumption process revolves around value-seeking activities that consumers perform as they go about satisfying needs.
Q:
Explain the significance of QR codes and GPS-based technologies in consumer search.
Q:
Explain the types of consumer search behavior with an example each.
Q:
Define universal set of alternatives. Describe the three categories of alternatives found in the awareness set.
Q:
Compare and contrast the three decision-making approaches. Describe which one you used while making a recent purchase.
Q:
Describe the types of risk consumers face when making decisions. Discuss how a marketer can reduce each type of risk for consumers.
Q:
Describe the three major decision-making perspectives. Describe a purchase decision you or your family made that illustrates a combination of these perspectives.
Q:
List the five activities in the consumer decision-making process with examples for each.
Q:
COFFEE-MAKER SCENARIOJane was visiting her friend and was served a coffee drink at her friend's house that was similar to the ones she's had at coffee shops. Her friend told her that she can make such coffee drinks with her single-serve pod coffee maker. Jane decided she"d like to buy one as she wanted to enjoy similar coffee drinks at home, but she didn"t know much about them. She searched the Internet and visited Bed Bath & Beyond, Sur La Table, Williams Sonoma, and even Walmart. She realized there were several brands of the product, such as Tassimo, Keurig, Brevity, Cuisinart, Bunn, Senseo, and Mr. Coffee. With prices ranging from as low as $20 to several hundreds of dollars, it was difficult for Jane to decide on a single brand. She was concerned about paying several hundred dollars for a coffee maker. In the end, she shortlisted Tassimo, Keurig, and Cuisinart over the others for further consideration, keeping in mind her budget as well as the product features she was looking for. She deliberately left out Real and Fresh Coffeez, even though it was believed to be a good brand as she had a bad experience with one of its products. She did notice that Tassimo featured Well-Fresh coffee while none of the others did, and she ended up purchasing Tassimo for $130. She bought it because that's her favorite brand of coffee and Jane strongly feels that the coffee experience at Well-Fresh coffee is found nowhere else. In buying Tassimo, Jane hoped to replicate the Well-Fresh coffee experience at home. Refer to Coffee-Maker Scenario. Jane deliberately left out Real and Fresh Coffeez, even though it was believed to be a good brand as she had a bad experience with one of its products. For Jane, Real and Fresh Coffeez corresponds to the _____ set of alternatives in her awareness set.a. inertb. indifferentc. passived. dormante. inept
Q:
Refer to Coffee-Maker Scenario. Jane was concerned about paying several hundred dollars for a coffee maker. Which of the following best reflects Jane's concern?
a. Financial risk
b. Physical risk
c. Performance risk
d. Time risk
e. Social risk
Q:
COFFEE-MAKER SCENARIOJane was visiting her friend and was served a coffee drink at her friend's house that was similar to the ones she's had at coffee shops. Her friend told her that she can make such coffee drinks with her single-serve pod coffee maker. Jane decided she"d like to buy one as she wanted to enjoy similar coffee drinks at home, but she didn"t know much about them. She searched the Internet and visited Bed Bath & Beyond, Sur La Table, Williams Sonoma, and even Walmart. She realized there were several brands of the product, such as Tassimo, Keurig, Brevity, Cuisinart, Bunn, Senseo, and Mr. Coffee. With prices ranging from as low as $20 to several hundreds of dollars, it was difficult for Jane to decide on a single brand. She was concerned about paying several hundred dollars for a coffee maker. In the end, she shortlisted Tassimo, Keurig, and Cuisinart over the others for further consideration, keeping in mind her budget as well as the product features she was looking for. She deliberately left out Real and Fresh Coffeez, even though it was believed to be a good brand as she had a bad experience with one of its products. She did notice that Tassimo featured Well-Fresh coffee while none of the others did, and she ended up purchasing Tassimo for $130. She bought it because that's her favorite brand of coffee and Jane strongly feels that the coffee experience at Well-Fresh coffee is found nowhere else. In buying Tassimo, Jane hoped to replicate the Well-Fresh coffee experience at home. Refer to Coffee-Maker Scenario. Jane didn"t know much about coffee-makers. Therefore, she searched the Internet and visited different stores. She realized there were several brands of the product with prices ranging from as low as $20 to several hundreds of dollars. Which of the following decision-making approaches best reflects Jane's method of finding information prior to the purchase?a. Experiential decision makingb. Habitual decision makingc. Routine decision makingd. Extended decision makinge. Limited decision making
Q:
COFFEE-MAKER SCENARIOJane was visiting her friend and was served a coffee drink at her friend's house that was similar to the ones she's had at coffee shops. Her friend told her that she can make such coffee drinks with her single-serve pod coffee maker. Jane decided she"d like to buy one as she wanted to enjoy similar coffee drinks at home, but she didn"t know much about them. She searched the Internet and visited Bed Bath & Beyond, Sur La Table, Williams Sonoma, and even Walmart. She realized there were several brands of the product, such as Tassimo, Keurig, Brevity, Cuisinart, Bunn, Senseo, and Mr. Coffee. With prices ranging from as low as $20 to several hundreds of dollars, it was difficult for Jane to decide on a single brand. She was concerned about paying several hundred dollars for a coffee maker. In the end, she shortlisted Tassimo, Keurig, and Cuisinart over the others for further consideration, keeping in mind her budget as well as the product features she was looking for. She deliberately left out Real and Fresh Coffeez, even though it was believed to be a good brand as she had a bad experience with one of its products. She did notice that Tassimo featured Well-Fresh coffee while none of the others did, and she ended up purchasing Tassimo for $130. She bought it because that's her favorite brand of coffee and Jane strongly feels that the coffee experience at Well-Fresh coffee is found nowhere else. In buying Tassimo, Jane hoped to replicate the Well-Fresh coffee experience at home. Refer to Coffee-Maker Scenario. Jane finally decided on buying Tassimo, which featured Well-Fresh coffee, her favorite brand of coffee. Jane strongly feels that the coffee experience at Well-Fresh coffee is found nowhere else. In buying Tassimo, Jane hoped to replicate the Well-Fresh coffee experience at home. Which of the following decision-making perspectives best describes Jane's final choice?a. Rational decision-making perspectiveb. Experiential decision-making perspectivec. Behavioral influence decision-making perspectived. Functional decision-making perspectivee. Implemental decision-making perspective
Q:
COFFEE-MAKER SCENARIOJane was visiting her friend and was served a coffee drink at her friend's house that was similar to the ones she's had at coffee shops. Her friend told her that she can make such coffee drinks with her single-serve pod coffee maker. Jane decided she"d like to buy one as she wanted to enjoy similar coffee drinks at home, but she didn"t know much about them. She searched the Internet and visited Bed Bath & Beyond, Sur La Table, Williams Sonoma, and even Walmart. She realized there were several brands of the product, such as Tassimo, Keurig, Brevity, Cuisinart, Bunn, Senseo, and Mr. Coffee. With prices ranging from as low as $20 to several hundreds of dollars, it was difficult for Jane to decide on a single brand. She was concerned about paying several hundred dollars for a coffee maker. In the end, she shortlisted Tassimo, Keurig, and Cuisinart over the others for further consideration, keeping in mind her budget as well as the product features she was looking for. She deliberately left out Real and Fresh Coffeez, even though it was believed to be a good brand as she had a bad experience with one of its products. She did notice that Tassimo featured Well-Fresh coffee while none of the others did, and she ended up purchasing Tassimo for $130. She bought it because that's her favorite brand of coffee and Jane strongly feels that the coffee experience at Well-Fresh coffee is found nowhere else. In buying Tassimo, Jane hoped to replicate the Well-Fresh coffee experience at home.Refer to Coffee-Maker Scenario. Jane realized there were several brands of the product, but in the end, she shortlisted Tassimo, Keurig, and Cuisinart over the others for further consideration, keeping in mind her budget as well as the product features she was looking for. Which of the following activities in the decision-making process best reflects Jane's choice of these three brands?a. Need recognitionb. Search for informationc. Evaluation of alternativesd. Choicee. Postchoice evaluation
Q:
REAL ESTATE BROKER SCENARIOJane, a consumer researcher, worked with a real estate broker as part of her research on consumer decision-making behavior. During the course of her research, she found that young couples, mostly professionals, look out for a space they can call their own. Although young, they seldom make spontaneous and impulsive decisions while buying a house. All of them arrive at a decision after an exhaustive effort of finding more information, talking to different people, and checking out neighborhoods through various sources. This strengthens Jane's hypothesis that people tend to make wise and informed decisions while buying a house. In her experience of working with the real estate broker, Jane has had a successful run, except for the time when an elderly man left disappointed after weeks of continuous search. After his retirement, he had wanted to invest in a "dream house," but sadly he could not find what he was looking for. Whatever he liked exceeded his budget. Jane also met a young couple who spent most of their weekends house hunting. After being out with them week after week, they finally admitted that they never intended to buy a house and that they were mostly interested in gathering information and being updated about the real estate industry. Refer to Real-Estate Broker Scenario. In her experience of working with the real estate broker, Jane has had a successful run, except for the time when an elderly man left disappointed after weeks of continuous search. After his retirement, he had wanted to invest in a "dream house," but sadly he could not find what he was looking for. Whatever he liked exceeded his budget. The disappointment experienced by the man can be best described as search _____.a. overdriveb. regretc. biasd. dissonancee. overload
Q:
REAL ESTATE BROKER SCENARIOJane, a consumer researcher, worked with a real estate broker as part of her research on consumer decision-making behavior. During the course of her research, she found that young couples, mostly professionals, look out for a space they can call their own. Although young, they seldom make spontaneous and impulsive decisions while buying a house. All of them arrive at a decision after an exhaustive effort of finding more information, talking to different people, and checking out neighborhoods through various sources. This strengthens Jane's hypothesis that people tend to make wise and informed decisions while buying a house. In her experience of working with the real estate broker, Jane has had a successful run, except for the time when an elderly man left disappointed after weeks of continuous search. After his retirement, he had wanted to invest in a "dream house," but sadly he could not find what he was looking for. Whatever he liked exceeded his budget. Jane also met a young couple who spent most of their weekends house hunting. After being out with them week after week, they finally admitted that they never intended to buy a house and that they were mostly interested in gathering information and being updated about the real estate industry. Refer to Real-Estate Broker Scenario. Jane met a young couple who spent most of their weekends house hunting. After being out with them week after week, they finally admitted that they never intended to buy a house and that they were mostly interested in gathering information and being updated about the real estate industry. Which of the following types of search does this represent?a. Postpurchase searchb. Passive searchc. Binary searchd. Prepurchase searche. Ongoing search
Q:
REAL ESTATE BROKER SCENARIOJane, a consumer researcher, worked with a real estate broker as part of her research on consumer decision-making behavior. During the course of her research, she found that young couples, mostly professionals, look out for a space they can call their own. Although young, they seldom make spontaneous and impulsive decisions while buying a house. All of them arrive at a decision after an exhaustive effort of finding more information, talking to different people, and checking out neighborhoods through various sources. This strengthens Jane's hypothesis that people tend to make wise and informed decisions while buying a house. In her experience of working with the real estate broker, Jane has had a successful run, except for the time when an elderly man left disappointed after weeks of continuous search. After his retirement, he had wanted to invest in a "dream house," but sadly he could not find what he was looking for. Whatever he liked exceeded his budget. Jane also met a young couple who spent most of their weekends house hunting. After being out with them week after week, they finally admitted that they never intended to buy a house and that they were mostly interested in gathering information and being updated about the real estate industry. Refer to Real-Estate Broker Scenario. Young couples seldom make spontaneous, impulsive decisions while buying a house. All of them arrive at a decision after an exhaustive effort of finding more information, talking to different people, and checking out neighborhoods through various sources. Which of the following decision-making approaches are they most likely to employ?a. Experiential decision makingb. Habitual decision makingc. Routine decision makingd. Extended decision makinge. Limited decision making
Q:
REAL ESTATE BROKER SCENARIOJane, a consumer researcher, worked with a real estate broker as part of her research on consumer decision-making behavior. During the course of her research, she found that young couples, mostly professionals, look out for a space they can call their own. Although young, they seldom make spontaneous and impulsive decisions while buying a house. All of them arrive at a decision after an exhaustive effort of finding more information, talking to different people, and checking out neighborhoods through various sources. This strengthens Jane's hypothesis that people tend to make wise and informed decisions while buying a house. In her experience of working with the real estate broker, Jane has had a successful run, except for the time when an elderly man left disappointed after weeks of continuous search. After his retirement, he had wanted to invest in a "dream house," but sadly he could not find what he was looking for. Whatever he liked exceeded his budget. Jane also met a young couple who spent most of their weekends house hunting. After being out with them week after week, they finally admitted that they never intended to buy a house and that they were mostly interested in gathering information and being updated about the real estate industry. Refer to Real Estate Broker Scenario. Jane's observation on the job working with the real estate broker strengthens her hypothesis that people tend to make wise and informed decisions while buying a house. According to Jane, which of the following decision-making perspectives most likely contributes to consumers' decisions?a. Rational decision-making perspectiveb. Experiential decision-making perspectivec. Behavioral influence decision-making perspectived. Functional decision-making perspectivee. Implemental decision-making perspective
Q:
REAL ESTATE BROKER SCENARIOJane, a consumer researcher, worked with a real estate broker as part of her research on consumer decision-making behavior. During the course of her research, she found that young couples, mostly professionals, look out for a space they can call their own. Although young, they seldom make spontaneous and impulsive decisions while buying a house. All of them arrive at a decision after an exhaustive effort of finding more information, talking to different people, and checking out neighborhoods through various sources. This strengthens Jane's hypothesis that people tend to make wise and informed decisions while buying a house. In her experience of working with the real estate broker, Jane has had a successful run, except for the time when an elderly man left disappointed after weeks of continuous search. After his retirement, he had wanted to invest in a "dream house," but sadly he could not find what he was looking for. Whatever he liked exceeded his budget. Jane also met a young couple who spent most of their weekends house hunting. After being out with them week after week, they finally admitted that they never intended to buy a house and that they were mostly interested in gathering information and being updated about the real estate industry.Refer to Real Estate Broker Scenario. During the course of her research, Jane found that young couples, mostly professionals, look out for a space they can call their own. Which of the following activities in the decision-making process best represents this perceived requirement?a. Need recognitionb. Search for informationc. Evaluation of alternativesd. Choicee. Postchoice evaluation
Q:
Irene has been saving up and searching for the right house to buy. She was ecstatic when a friend told her of a website that deals with real estate promotion and purchase. Irene, who confesses to be not so proficient with the use of the Internet, visited the site for information. However, she was disappointed since her laptop did not have all the necessary software to download information and images from the site. The disappointment that Irene experienced can best be described as search _____.a. overdriveb. regretc. biasd. dissonancee. insurance
Q:
Negative emotions that come from failed search processes are referred to as search _____.
a. dissonance
b. regret
c. error
d. overload
e. inertia
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the amount of search performed by consumers during decision making?
a. Search tends to decrease as a consumer's level of education and income increases.
b. When searching costs are greater than the benefits of the search process, consumers no longer value the activity and search stops.
c. Consumers who possess negative attitudes toward shopping generally spend more time searching for product information.
d. Search tends to decrease when a consumer possesses a high level of purchase involvement.
e. As perceived risk decreases, search effort increases.
Q:
Which of the following technologies enable consumers to gain easy access to all types of product-related information and thus facilitate consumer search?
a. Morse codes
b. Wabun codes
c. Baudot codes
d. Quick response codes
e. ASCII codes
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the technologies used by consumers to search for product or service-related information?
a. QR codes are customer identification numbers through which consumers can make online transactions or purchases.
b. GPS-based technologies allow consumers to quickly address specific needs that they have while they are traveling.
c. QR codes are generally not preferred by consumers as they are very time-consuming.
d. Visual search refers to a consumer searching for a particular product over the Internet.
e. Internal search allows consumers to simply take a photo of an object or scan it into their screen and quickly receive information about it.
Q:
Which of the following represents the perceived overall goodness or badness of some product from a consumer perspective?
a. Product warranty
b. Usability
c. Availability
d. Quality
e. Price
Q:
The rate at which a promotion is transitioned into a sale is known as promotional _____ rate.
a. consolidation
b. evolution
c. transition
d. optimization
e. conversion
Q:
Define atmospherics. Describe the atmospheric elements of a specific retail store or restaurant that you like.
Q:
Compare and contrast impulsive, unplanned, and compulsive shopping behaviors.
Q:
Name and describe the four types of shopping activities. Give an example of each based on your personal shopping experience.
Q:
Explain the concept of advertiming. Describe the best time to advertise the following products:
(a) swimming pool
(b) beer
(c) nasal spray
(d) cereal
(e) school supply
Q:
Discuss the temporal factors that affect consumer behavior.
Q:
Define situational influences. How do situational influences change a consumer's perception of value? Explain the three categories of situational influences.