Q&A Hero

Q: You would expect to find a grapevine with the most accurate rumors in ________ organization. A) an organic B) a mechanistic C) a hierarchical D) an authoritative

Q: Along the grapevine, ________. A) good news travels fastest B) bad news travels slowly C) good news travels slowest D) bad news travels fastest

Q: Which of the following is used to measure job knowledge? A) aptitude tests B) interest inventories C) achievement tests D) projective tests

Q: Which of the following is a disadvantage of written communication? A) vague B) time-consuming C) not permanent D) hard to store

Q: An interest inventory compares an applicant's current interests with the interests of ________. A) retired workers B) other people in the same industry C) other people in various occupations D) managers and executives in the firm

Q: The great advantage of a written message is that it ________. A) is informal B) is easy to provide feedback for C) is unambiguous D) provides a permanent record

Q: Red Robin Gourmet Burgers is a national restaurant chain with nearly 36,000 employee that began as a small restaurant in Seattle. Over the years, Red Robin has attempted to develop a reputation as a fun, family restaurant that offers both excellent food and service. Red Robin's core valueshonor, integrity, having fun, and continually seeking knowledgeserve as the basis for all of the firm's decisions and are even embroidered on the sleeves of every employee's uniform. As Red Robin continues to expand, executives are considering adding tests to the screening process. Which of the following, if true, would most likely undermine the argument that Red Robin should use achievement tests in the employee selection process? A) Red Robin receives so many applications that it only considers individuals with previous job experience in the restaurant industry. B) Red Robin provides a two-week training session to all new hires, which are frequently college students with little experience in the restaurant industry. C) Red Robin expects applicants for management positions to understand current EEO laws and be aware of ADA requirements. D) Red Robin requires applicants for cashier positions to take typing tests to assess their speed at the cash register.

Q: Skills, attitudes, knowledge, and social cultural systems affect ________. A) the sender only B) the receiver only C) neither the sender nor the receiver D) both the sender and the receiver

Q: Red Robin Gourmet Burgers is a national restaurant chain with nearly 36,000 employees that began as a small restaurant in Seattle. Over the years, Red Robin has attempted to develop a reputation as a fun, family restaurant that offers both excellent food and service. Red Robin's core valueshonor, integrity, having fun, and continually seeking knowledgeserve as the basis for all of the firm's decisions and are even embroidered on the sleeves of every employee's uniform. As Red Robin continues to expand, executives are considering adding tests to the screening process. Which of the following, if true, would best support the argument that Red Robin should use personality tests in the employee selection process? A) Red Robin encourages employees to participate in the firm's environmental stewardship program to show community support. B) Red Robin seeks outgoing, motivated, and compassionate employees to enhance the experience of its customers. C) Red Robin offers monetary incentives to managers who meet quarterly sales targets and exceed performance expectations. D) Red Robin desires employees with extensive knowledge of the restaurant industry and at least two years of experience serving customers.

Q: Feedback is a message that travels from ________. A) encoder to receiver B) source to decoder C) the original receiver to the original sender D) the original sender to the original receiver

Q: While some personality characteristics are associated with success in different types of jobs, which personality trait is most frequently associated with job performance in all jobs? A) openness to experience B) conscientiousness C) extroversion D) agreeableness

Q: The final link in the communication process is ________. A) encoding B) decoding C) channeling D) feedback

Q: Which personality characteristic is comprised of both achievement and dependability? A) neuroticism B) extroversion C) conscientiousness D) agreeableness

Q: A spelling mistake in a message is an example of ________. A) an encoding error B) a decoding error C) a transmission error D) a receiver error

Q: The tendency for one to be trusting, compliant, caring, and gentle is the personality dimension known as ________. A) extroversion B) conscientiousness C) agreeableness D) openness to experience

Q: Which personality characteristic refers to the disposition to be imaginative, nonconforming, and unconventional? A) extroversion B) conscientiousness C) neuroticism D) openness to experience

Q: The channel is the ________. A) actual physical product from the source that conveys a purpose B) person who receives the message C) medium that the messages travels through D) person who sends the message

Q: Mike Simmons recently applied for a position with Pfizer Pharmaceuticals. Which personality trait most likely has the strongest correlation to Mike's success as a pharmaceutical sales representative? A) extroversion B) agreeableness C) conscientiousness D) openness to experience

Q: A ________ is the actual physical product encoded by the source. A) channel B) message C) thought D) source

Q: Four conditions influence the content of an encoded message: the skills, attitudes, knowledge, and ________ of the sender. A) social-cultural system B) environmental conditions C) volume D) political conditions

Q: ________ represents a tendency to be sociable, assertive, and active. A) Extroversion B) Conscientiousness C) Agreeableness D) Openness to experience

Q: Which of the following personality dimensions represents a tendency to exhibit poor emotional adjustment and experience negative effects such as anxiety, insecurity, and hostility? A) neuroticism B) extroversion C) conscientiousness D) openness to experience

Q: Reading is an example of this communication step. A) feedback B) encoding C) sending D) decoding

Q: Which communication sequence is correct?A) sender ->decoding -> channel ->encoding -> receiverB) sender -> channel -> medium -> decoding -> receiverC) source -> sender -> encoding -> decoding -> receiverD) sender -> encoding -> channel -> decoding -> receiver

Q: The Big Five personality dimensions include all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) neuroticism B) optimism C) extroversion D) conscientiousness

Q: All of the following are examples of self-reported personality tests EXCEPT ________. A) Minnesota Paper Form Board Test B) Guilford-Zimmerman Survey C) Make a Picture Story D) Myers Briggs Test

Q: In order to transmit a message, the thought originating with the sender must be ________ to symbolic form. A) decoded B) encoded C) deciphered D) expanded

Q: The communication process begins with this. A) a receiver B) a message C) a thought or purpose D) an encoded message

Q: Make a Picture Story and the Forer Structured Sentence Completion Test are examples of ________ tests. A) intelligence B) apperception C) self-reported D) projective

Q: For managers, communication can't be overemphasized because ________ requires communication. A) decision making B) planning C) supervising and monitoring employees D) everything a manager does

Q: According to experts, most people are hired for their qualifications and fired for their ________. A) physical limitations B) lack of aptitude C) nonperformance D) psychological issues

Q: Path-goal theory assumes that environmental factors such as ________ can change a leadership situation. A) locus of control of followers B) personal work experience of followers C) skills and abilities of followers D) work group structure of followers

Q: All of the following are most likely assessed on personality tests EXCEPT ________. A) introversion B) reasoning C) sensitivity D) emotional stability

Q: Carl recently participated in a selection test for a position at Northern Aeronautics. The test measured Carl's finger dexterity and reaction time, so it was most likely a ________ test. A) motor ability B) personality C) cognitive D) interest

Q: A(n) ________ leader in path-goal theory often makes decisions collectively with followers. A) directive B) participative C) achievement-oriented D) supportive

Q: As part of the selection process for a position at UPS, Jack has been asked to lift weights and jump rope. Which of the following is most likely being measured by UPS? A) interpersonal skills B) cognitive skills C) physical abilities D) achievements

Q: A(n) ________ leader in path-goal theory does little but set challenging goals for followers. A) supportive B) participative C) achievement-oriented D) directive

Q: All of the following are measured by aptitude tests EXCEPT ________. A) deductive reasoning B) numerical ability C) temperament D) memory

Q: An important trait of a(n)________ leader in path-goal theory is friendliness. A) achievement-oriented B) directive C) participative D) supportive

Q: Grafton Industries administers selection tests to job candidates. The tests measure a range of abilities including memory, vocabulary, verbal fluency, and numerical ability, so they are most likely ________ tests. A) standardized B) intelligence C) achievement D) personality

Q: A(n) ________ leader in path-goal theory gives specific guidance in performing tasks. A) directive B) achievement-oriented C) participative D) supportive

Q: ________ tests include assessments of general reasoning ability and of specific mental abilities like memory and inductive reasoning. A) Motor ability B) Personality C) Achievement D) Cognitive

Q: The path-goal theory sees the job of an effective leader as ________. A) providing clear instructions for followers B) clearing the path between followers and their goals C) defining goals for followers D) helping followers understand their goals

Q: For over 40 years, Golden Creamery has been mixing up fresh, gourmet ice cream for customers. The company originated in Dallas and now boasts stores in 35 states. The business has primarily expanded by selling franchises to qualified candidates. Golden Creamery executives realize that the firm's success depends upon the success of each franchise. In the past, each individual franchise owner determined the best method for screening applicants. However, as the firm grows, Golden Creamery executives want to standardize the hiring process by requiring all franchisees to use the same preemployment tests. Which of the following questions is most relevant to Golden Creamery's decision to implement preemployment testing for all franchises? A) Should Golden Creamery use internal or external sources for job candidates? B) How will Golden Creamery ensure the confidentiality of an applicant's test results? C) How does testing correlate with Golden Creamery's mission and vision statements? D) What is the role of testing in Golden Creamery's strategic performance management system?

Q: The most important conclusion from the leader-participation model is that ________. A) a leader must keep the same leadership style no matter what the situation is B) a leader must change his or her leadership style depending on the situation C) a leader must try to change the situation if it does not suit his or her leadership style D) all situations are similar

Q: For over 40 years, Golden Creamery has been mixing up fresh, gourmet ice cream for customers. The company originated in Dallas and now boasts stores in 35 states. The business has primarily expanded by selling franchises to qualified candidates. Golden Creamery executives realize that the firm's success depends upon the success of each franchise. In the past, each individual franchise owner determined the best method for screening applicants. However, as the firm grows, Golden Creamery executives want to standardize the hiring process by requiring all franchisees to use the same preemployment tests. Which of the following, if true, supports the argument that Golden Creamery should require franchise owners to use the firm's preemployment tests? A) Hourly employees at Golden Creamery stores typically remain with the company long enough to be promoted to management positions. B) Golden Creamery franchise owners pay an initial franchise fee and receive a percentage of sales royalties in return. C) Annual turnover rates for hourly employees of Golden Creamery stores are three times the rate of comparable businesses. D) Individuals interested in working at a Golden Creamery store can complete online applications on the firm's Web site.

Q: Results from the leader-participation model conclude that it is more important to talk about autocratic and participative ________. A) situations than leaders B) leaders than situations C) leaders than followers D) followers than situations

Q: The leader-participation model contends that leader behavior should ________. A) never vary B) adjust to the structure of the task involved C) be dependent on the traits of the leader D) be consistent from task to task

Q: For over 40 years, Golden Creamery has been mixing up fresh, gourmet ice cream for customers. The company originated in Dallas and now boasts stores in 35 states. The business has primarily expanded by selling franchises to qualified candidates. Golden Creamery executives realize that the firm's success depends upon the success of each franchise. In the past, each individual franchise owner determined the best method for screening applicants. However, as the firm grows, Golden Creamery executives want to standardize the hiring process by requiring all franchisees to use the same preemployment tests. Which of the following best supports the argument that Golden Creamery should use a certified psychologist to develop preemployment tests? A) Golden Creamery needs to comply with all federal and state laws. B) Golden Creamery competitors use psychologists for test development. C) Golden Creamery strives to create a conscientious organizational culture. D) Golden Creamery needs to ensure that tests are legally and ethically appropriate.

Q: According to a survey conducted by the American Management Association, most employers who administer tests to applicants are measuring ________. A) job skills B) psychological behaviors C) interpersonal behaviors D) ethical opinions

Q: A participating leadership style works best with which type of follower? A) R1 B) R2 C) R3 D) R4

Q: Which leadership style works best with an R2 type of follower? A) participating B) selling C) telling D) delegating

Q: According to the American Psychological Association, all of the following are rights of test takers EXCEPT the right to expect ________. A) informed consent regarding the use of test results B) scores to be interpreted by qualified individuals C) tests to be the only selection tools for a job D) fairness of the test for all who take it

Q: A delegating leadership style works best with which type of follower? A) R1 B) R2 C) R3 D) R4

Q: The process of cross-validating a test involves all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) using a new sample of employees B) administering additional tests C) evaluating the relationship between scores and performance D) developing and analyzing a scatter plot of scores versus performance

Q: ________ validation is considered the most dependable method of validating an employment test. A) Applicable B) Predictive C) Concurrent D) Statistical

Q: Which leadership style works best with an R1 type of follower? A) delegating B) selling C) telling D) participating

Q: What is the primary disadvantage of using concurrent validation? A) Current employees may not be representative of new applicants. B) New applicants are recent college graduates with limited experience. C) Limited correlation exists between high test scores and job performance. D) Test batteries have not been administered by professional industrial psychologists.

Q: Which category of follower is considered to be able but unwilling to complete a task? A) R1 B) R2 C) R3 D) R4

Q: Which of the following is a graph that shows the relationship between test scores and job performance for a group of people? A) performance standard B) digital dashboard C) competency model D) expectancy chart

Q: Which category of follower is considered to be both unable and unwilling to complete a task? A) R1 B) R2 C) R3 D) R4

Q: The first step in the test validation process is ________. A) creating a test battery B) administering tests C) analyzing the job D) cross-validating

Q: A leader who pretty much leaves employees on their own is assuming this SLT role. A) telling B) selling C) participating D) delegating

Q: Demonstrating the content validity of a test can be best accomplished by showing that ________. A) tasks performed on the test are general enough to apply to any type of job B) higher test scores are statistically equivalent to proven, long-term job success C) conditions under which the test is administered resemble the work situation D) scores on the test are both internally and externally reliable

Q: A leader who provides maximum supportive behavior and a great deal of explicit instructions for how to carry out a task is assuming this SLT role. A) telling B) selling C) participating D) delegating

Q: Which of the following terms refers to the accuracy with which a test fulfills the function for which it was designed? A) reliability B) validity C) expectancy D) consistency

Q: ________ is defined in situational leadership theory (SLT) as a high task, low relationship leadership role. A) Telling B) Selling C) Participating D) Delegating

Q: In the situational leadership theory (SLT), readiness is defined as ________ to perform a task. A) the ability B) the willingness C) both the ability and willingness D) the motivation one has

Q: The unreliability of a test is best explained by all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) poor sampling of question material B) lack of equivalence between tests C) inconsistent testing conditions D) failure to predict job performance

Q: When repetitive questions appear on a questionnaire, which of the following is most likely being measured? A) test validity B) retest estimate C) internal consistency D) criterion validity

Q: A major criticism of Fiedler's work stated that it failed to recognize that effective leaders ________. A) are always task oriented B) can change leadership styles C) cannot change leadership styles D) are always relationship oriented

Q: Fiedler concluded that relationship-oriented leaders performed best when the situation was ________. A) highly favorable B) highly unfavorable C) either highly favorable or highly unfavorable D) moderately favorable or moderately unfavorable

Q: All of the following are used for estimating reliability of a test EXCEPT ________. A) test-retest estimate B) internal comparison estimate C) equivalent form estimate D) content validity measurement

Q: ________ is used as an estimate of reliability and involves administering a test with x number of items designed to assess a topic and then statistically analyzing the degree to which responses to the items vary together. A) Retest estimate B) Equivalent form estimate C) Content validity estimate D) Internal comparison estimate

Q: Fiedler concluded that task-oriented leaders performed best when the situation was ________. A) highly favorable B) highly unfavorable C) either highly favorable or highly unfavorable D) moderately favorable or moderately unfavorable

Q: Jobs in a firm are quite informal. Workers are versatile and switch tasks and responsibilities depending on the situation. In Fiedler's model, this firm would be said to have ________. A) good leader-member relations B) high position power C) high task structure D) low task structure

Q: Which of the following measures reliability by administering two different yet comparable tests and then comparing the two test scores? A) retest estimate B) equivalent form estimate C) internal comparison estimate D) criterion validity measurement

Q: Which of the following best describes how to use a retest estimate to assess reliability? A) administer a test with content based on what a person actually needs to know to effectively perform the job in question B) administer the same test to different people at two different points in time and compare their test scores at time 2 with the scores at time 1 C) administer different tests to a group of people and compare the range of collected test scores D) administer the same test to the same people at two different points in time and compare their test scores at time 2 with their scores at time 1

Q: Your boss has total control over hiring, firing, and promotions in your department. According to Fiedler's ratings of the situation, your boss has ________. A) low position power B) high position power C) high task structure D) low task structure

Q: Which of the following terms refers to the consistency of scores obtained by the same person when retested with alternate forms of the same test? A) equivalency B) reliability C) expectancy D) validity