Q&A Hero

Q: The waterfall approach is a business-driven enterprise architecture that supports integrating a business as linked, repeatable activities, tasks, or services.

Q: Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a business-driven enterprise architecture that supports integrating a business as linked, repeatable activities, tasks, or services.

Q: SCRUM is a sequential, activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially from planning through implementation and maintenance.

Q: The scrum methodology uses small teams to produce small pieces of software using a series of sprints, or 30-day intervals, to achieve an appointed goal.

Q: Gate four is transition, and the primary questions answered in this phase address ownership of the system and training of key personnel.

Q: Rational unified process (RUP) methodology, owned by IBM, provides a framework for breaking down the development of software into four gates

Q: Gate three is construction, and this phase includes building and developing the product.

Q: Gate two is elaboration, and this phase expands on the agreed-upon details of the system, including the ability to provide an architecture to support and build it.

Q: Gate one includes inception, and this phase ensures that all stakeholders have a shared understanding of the proposed system and what it will do.

Q: The rational unified process (RUP) methodology, owned by IBM, provides a framework for breaking down the development of software into four gates.

Q: Extreme programming (XP) methodology, like other agile methods, breaks a project into four phases, and developers cannot continue to the next phase until the previous phase is complete.

Q: Rapid application development (RAD) methodology (also called rapid prototyping) emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system, to accelerate the systems development process.

Q: An agile methodology aims for customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery of useful software components developed by an iterative process using the bare minimum requirements.

Q: Waterfall development consists of a series of tiny projects. It has become the foundation of multiple agile methodologies.

Q: Iterative development consists of a series of tiny projects. It has become the foundation of multiple agile methodologies.

Q: A prototype is a smaller-scale representation or working model of the users' requirements or a proposed design for an information system.

Q: Discovery prototyping builds a small-scale representation or working model of the system to ensure that it meets the user and business requirements.

Q: Prototyping is a modern design approach by which the designers and system users use an iterative approach to building the system.

Q: The oldest and the best known is the agile methodology, a sequence of phases in which the output of each phase becomes the input for the next.

Q: The oldest and the best known is the waterfall methodology, a sequence of phases in which the output of each phase becomes the input for the next.

Q: The traditional waterfall methodology is a sequential, activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially from planning through implementation and maintenance.

Q: Preventative maintenance makes system changes to reduce the chance of future system failure.

Q: Post-implementation reports are formal reports or audits of a project after it is up-and-running.

Q: Plunge implementation is a set of policies, procedures, standards, processes, practices, tools, techniques, and tasks that people apply to technical and management challenges.

Q: A methodology is a set of policies, procedures, standards, processes, practices, tools, techniques, and tasks that people apply to technical and management challenges.

Q: Information systems audit reports assess a company's information system to determine necessary changes and to help ensure the information systems' availability, confidentiality, and integrity.

Q: Information system control reports ensure the reliability of information, consisting of policies and their physical implementation, access restrictions, or recordkeeping of actions and transactions.

Q: Summary internal reports highlight situations occurring outside of the normal operating range for a condition or standard.

Q: Exception reports organize and categorize data for managerial perusal.

Q: Detailed internal reports present information with little or no filtering or restrictions of the data.

Q: Internal reports present data that is distributed inside the organization and is intended for employees within an organization. Internal reports typically support day-to-day operations monitoring that supports managerial decision making.

Q: Explain the three different types of outsourcing along with their benefits and challenges.

Q: Corrective maintenance makes system changes to reduce the chance of future system failure.

Q: Describe the two primary diagrams most frequently used in project planning.

Q: Corrective maintenance makes system changes to repair design flaws, coding errors, or implementation issues.

Q: Identify the three primary areas a project manager must focus on managing to ensure success. Feedback: The three primary areas a project manager must focus on managing to ensure success are managing people, communications, and change.

Q: Pilot implementation installs the new system in phases (for example by department) until it is verified that it works correctly.

Q: Describe the project stakeholders and executive sponsors roles in choosing strategic projects.

Q: Pilot implementation assigns a small group of people to use the new system until it is verified that it works correctly; then the remaining users migrate to the new system.

Q: Explain project management and the role the triple constraints play when managing a project.

Q: Plunge implementation discards the legacy system completely and immediately migrates all users to the new system.

Q: Summarize the different software development methodologies.

Q: A help desk is a group of people who respond to users' questions.

Q: Describe the seven phases of the systems development life cycle.

Q: Workshop training is held in a classroom environment and led by an instructor.

Q: Explain the business benefits associated with successful software development.

Q: Development Testing assesses if the entire system meets the design requirements of the users.

Q: Which of the following is an outsourcing challenge caused by contract length? A. difficulties in getting out of a contract B. problems in foreseeing future issues C. problems in recreating an internal IT department D. All of these are correct.

Q: Online training runs over the Internet or on a CD or DVD, and employees complete the training on their own time at their own pace.

Q: All of the following are challenges of outsourcing, except A. contract length. B. competitive edge. C. confidentiality. D. reduced frustration and expense related to hiring and retaining employees in an exceptionally tight job market.

Q: Training is also provided for the system users and can be online or in a classroom.

Q: What is the outsourcing option that includes the closest location and direct customer control? A. onshore outsourcing B. nearshore outsourcing C. offshore outsourcing D. None of these are correct.

Q: Detailed user documentation is created that highlights how to use the system and how to troubleshoot issues or problems.

Q: Which of the following is the least common reason why companies outsource? A. tap outside sources of expertise for a low cost B. concentrate resources on core business C. reduce headcount and related expenses D. better manage the costs of internal processes

Q: Test conditions detail the steps the system must perform along with the expected result of each step; in the implementation phase, the organization places the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with it.

Q: Which of the following is the primary reason why companies outsource? A. tap outside sources of expertise for a low cost B. concentrate resources on core business C. reduce headcount and related expenses D. better manage the costs of internal processes

Q: Unit testing uses both the legacy system and new system until all users verify that the new system functions correctly.

Q: Which of the following is a benefit an organization can receive from outsourcing? A. financial savings B. increase technical abilities C. market agility D. All of these are correct.

Q: User acceptance testing tests individual units or pieces of code for a system.

Q: What is it called when a company uses organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems? A. in-sourcing B. outsourcing C. business process outsourcing D. offshore outsourcing

Q: User acceptance testing (UAT) determines if the system satisfies the user and business requirements.

Q: What is an arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house? A. in-sourcing B. outsourcing C. business process outsourcing D. offshore outsourcing

Q: Integration testing verifies that the units or pieces of code function correctly when integrated together.

Q: What is a common approach using the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain the organizations information technology systems? A. In-sourcing B. Outsourcing C. Business process outsourcing D. Offshore outsourcing

Q: Development testing verifies that separate systems can work together passing data back and forth correctly.

Q: What is the outsourcing option that includes the most remote location and indirect customer control? A. onshore outsourcing B. nearshore outsourcing C. offshore outsourcing D. None of these are correct.

Q: Alpha testing occurs when programmers test the system to ensure it is bug-free.

Q: In a Gantt chart tasks are listed ________ and the projects time frame is listed ________. A. vertically, horizontally B. horizontally, vertically C. vertically, vertically D. horizontally, horizontally

Q: Fifth-generation programming languages are artificial intelligence and neural networks.

Q: What is the critical path? A. the path from resource to task that passes through all critical components of a project plan B. the path between tasks to the project's finish that passes through all critical components of a project plan C. the sequence of activities that determine the earliest date by which the project can be completed D. the path from start to finish that passes through all the tasks that are critical to completing the project in the longest amount of time

Q: Fourth-generation programming languages look similar to human languages.

Q: What type of chart typically displays the critical path? A. Gantt chart B. PERT chart C. All of these are correct. D. None of these are correct.

Q: Second-generation assembly language is difficult for people to understand.

Q: What is a simple bar chart that depicts project tasks against a calendar? A. Gantt chart B. PERT chart C. dependency D. All of these are correct.

Q: First-generation machine language is difficult for people to understand.

Q: What is the logical relationship that exists between the project tasks, or between a project task and a milestone? A. resource B. task C. dependency D. activity

Q: Bugs are defects in the code of an information system.

Q: What is a graphical network model that depicts a projects tasks and the relationships between those tasks? A. Gantt chart B. PERT chart C. dependency D. All of these are correct.

Q: The development phase brings all the project pieces together into a special testing environment to eliminate errors and bugs and verify that the system meets all the business requirements defined in the analysis phase.

Q: Which of the following is not a technique for choosing strategic projects? A. categorize projects B. perform a financial analysis C. focus on organizational goals D. develop a project plan