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Management
Q:
In terms of leadership and management, listening is:
a. much less important than talking.
b. a way of weakening the leader or manager's position.
c. a useful luxury.
d. an opportunity for dialogue and conversation.
Q:
When communicating with people from different cultures, it is important to:
a. focus on cultural stereotypes.
b. spend time interpreting their accent and personal appearance.
c. be sensitive to differences in nonverbal communication.
d. generalize the appearance of people belonging to a particular group.
Q:
Department head Matt wants the department members to be convinced of the merits of a new procedure. He gets a well-liked worker to speak in favor of the new procedure. Matt is using the persuasion principle known as:
a. reciprocity.
b. consistency.
c. scarcity.
d. social proof.
Q:
Which one of the following is the farthest removed from the six basic principles of persuasion?
a. People like those who like them.
b. People want what they can have most of.
c. People defer to experts.
d. People repay in kind.
Q:
A basic principle of persuasion is:
a. it takes one to know one.
b. first things first.
c. people like those who like them.
d. people listen to avoid punishment.
Q:
A communication strategy that can make people appear powerful is:
a. being short in verbal presentations.
b. boldly attacking people.
c. emphasizing self-deprecation.
d. knowing exactly what they want.
Q:
Which one of the following is the farthest removed from a power-oriented linguistic style?
a. Emphasizing indirect talk
b. Apologizing infrequently
c. Downplaying uncertainty
d. Setting the agenda for a conversation
Q:
Sprinkling business talk with jargon can be useful in:
a. making the speaker appear highly original.
b. adding to a person's popularity.
c. inspiring workers to a higher purpose.
d. avoiding stereotyped thinking.
Q:
A person's linguistic style:
a. directly reflects the company's culture.
b. determines that person's reading comprehension.
c. is his or her characteristic speaking pattern.
d. is closely related to his or her leadership style.
Q:
Front-loading communication messages involves:
a. placing key ideas at the beginning of a conversation.
b. sprinkling business talk with jargon.
c. appealing to the self-interest of people.
d. emphasizing indirect talk rather than direct talk.
Q:
Anecdotes are particularly useful in persuading group members about the:
a. capabilities of the group leader.
b. company's profit picture.
c. problems facing the company in the future.
d. importance of organizational values.
Q:
To persuade group members to accept their idea, it is recommended that leaders:
a. explain the benefits of their proposal.
b. move quickly into a crisis leadership mode.
c. use at least four characteristics of the power-oriented linguistic style at the same time.
d. use technical jargon extensively.
Q:
Attempts at persuasion, including inspirational speaking and writing, begin with the:
a. use of technical jargon.
b. credibility of the message sender.
c. adaption of the message to the speaker's interests.
d. use of vocalized pauses.
Q:
The _____ is a leadership network aimed at doing ones assigned task more effectively.
a. strategic network
b. peer leadership network
c. personal network
d. operational network
Q:
Edward is a manager in a company that encourages creativity among its employees. An organizational environment suitable for creative thinking is established by the top management. Edward is in charge of one of the teams focusing on product innovation. How can Edward manage the team members effectively without hampering their creativity?
Q:
Christian takes over as the managing director of a company producing automotive components. He observes that all the employees look at standard ways of solving problems and developing new products. Creativity is extremely limited. Christian plans to promote creative thinking among the employees of the company. What are the methods that can be used by Christian to enhance creativity in the organization?
Q:
Sarah is a popular jewelry designer. In order to cater to the varying needs of her clients and to sustain her competitive advantage in the market, Sarah needs to produce innovative designs by being creative. What steps can Sarah take to enhance her creative thinking abilities?
Q:
Which of the following is a personality trait of a creative person?
a. Self-confidence
b. Conformism
c. Ability to think divergently
d. Highly intelligent
Q:
Daphne, a manager, provides her team members the freedom to generate new ideas for products. At the same time, she also ensures that an idea is chosen among the alternatives. Which of the following practices for enhancing creativity is shown in the given example?
a. Pet-peeve technique
b. Experience of flow
c. Loose-tight leadership
d. Autocratic leadership
Q:
Age Inc., a company producing scientific instruments, has a dedicated team working on product innovations. This team is not involved in the company's regular activities. The team is provided with ample resources and has direct access to the company's senior management team. From the given scenario, it can be inferred that _____.
a. innovation is continuously pursued
b. risk taking is discouraged
c. the company's departments are integrated
d. ideas are not being shared among different teams
Q:
Milton, a manager, is forced to turn down an idea for a new product from Steven, one of his most creative team members, because of financial limitations. In order to prevent Steven from feeling discouraged, Milton should _____.
a. give gentle feedback to Steven when turning down the idea
b. recommend convergent thinking to improve Steven's creativity
c. suggest that frequently used approaches to problems should be used
d. encourage him to work toward a single solution for problems
Q:
Which of the following examples illustrates practices that enhance creativity?
a. AB Inc. has a rigid organizational structure that includes layers of approval, fixed office timings, and a large amount of paperwork for new projects.
b. Nicholas and his colleagues think in a convergent manner to focus on a single and frequently used solution to problems.
c. Eric, a team manager, encourages his team members to determine the best possible method for reaching a particular target.
d. Tanya, a graphic designer for a popular magazine, looks to gain approval from her team mates for her innovative ideas rather than finding other alternatives.
Q:
Abraham, the manager of the development team in a software firm, is entrusted with the task of coming up with a creative idea for the company's next new product. Abraham consults people from other teams such as marketing, testing, and customer support for inputs and suggestions that could result in a unique and creative idea. In order to improve his creative thinking, Abraham is playing the role of a(n) _____.
a. lawyer
b. explorer
c. judge
d. artist
Q:
Glow Inc., a company producing personal care products, plans to launch new skin care products for middle-aged men and women. The company is looking at unique and innovative products. The top management decides to collect ideas from all the employees. In order to encourage its employees to think creatively, the company should _____.
a. establish idea quotas to generate new ideas
b. promote convergent thinking
c. ensure that the employees focus on a single solution
d. insist that the emphasis is on the most profitable solution
Q:
Anthony works in the design team of a publishing company. He is not particular about obtaining approval from his team members for his creative design ideas. Hence, it can be observed from the given scenario that _____.
a. creative people focus on consensus
b. creative people are generally nonconformists
c. creative people focus on convergent thinking
d. creative people are often frustrated
Q:
Which of the following examples shows the cognitive abilities of a creative person?
a. Martin is able to think of several alternatives for a problem.
b. Elisa focuses on a single solution for a given problem.
c. Evan does not feel the need to get approval from his colleagues for his ideas.
d. Rachael is confident about her ideas and is open to criticism from her colleagues.
Q:
Marsha is the owner of a popular apparel store. She plans to increase the choices available to customers. She thinks about what additions should be made to the current collection of clothes available in the store. During her evening walk, Marsha suddenly realizes that she should conduct a survey to find out what customers desire. Which of the following is most likely to be Marsha's next step in the context of the creative process?
a. Verification
b. Incubation
c. Immersion
d. Opportunity recognition
Q:
Estelle plans to present the science project assigned to her in a creative manner. She concentrates on finding ways to present her project. She comes up with possible solutions without evaluating them. Which step of the creative process is illustrated in the given scenario?
a. Verification
b. Incubation
c. Immersion
d. Problem recognition
Q:
Multiunit organizations sometimes enhance creativity by:
a. sharing ideas across divisions.
b. preventing ideas from moving from one unit to another.
c. centralizing all new-product development decisions.
d. promoting convergent thinking.
Q:
Which of the following is not a useful strategy in forming a creative work group?
a. Hire a leader with experience working with creative groups.
b. Form the group from creative minds throughout the company, regardless of their specific job.
c. Form the group from within a single unit in the company.
d. Loosely schedule the groups schedule and goals so they have the freedom to explore ideas.
Q:
Loose-tight leadership in relation to creativity refers to:
a. alternating between encouragement and punishment.
b. granting space for exploring creative ideas, then finally choosing one idea.
c. alternating between laissez-faire leadership and autocratic leadership.
d. spending freely on some projects and cutting costs on others.
Q:
Of the following leadership practices, the least likely to enhance innovation is:
a. the pursuit of constant innovation.
b. to take risks and encourage risk taking.
c. to acquire innovative companies.
d. to encourage innovation for its own sake.
Q:
Which of the following practices is least likely to be helpful in managing creative people?
a. Giving creative people considerable structure
b. Having creative people manage and evaluate creative workers
c. Providing ongoing recognition and appreciation to creative workers
d. Being liberal in giving workers the resources they need
Q:
A study of leader-member exchanges and creativity among research and development specialists indicated that leader-member exchanges were:
a. positively associated with creativity only for inexperienced specialists.
b. negatively associated with creativity.
c. positively associated with creativity.
d. unrelated to ratings of creativity.
Q:
Which one of the following would not be considered a managerial practice that enhances creativity?
a. Prescribing the best method for arriving at a creative solution
b. Giving workers assignments that stretch their intellectual capability
c. Supplying groups with the time and money they need to accomplish the task
d. Designing work groups with a diversity of backgrounds and perspectives
Q:
A particularly robust strategy for enhancing creativity in an organization is to:
a. promote convergent thinking among employees.
b. provide limited flexibility for generating ideas.
c. discourage risk taking.
d. hire people who are already creative.
Q:
A recommended starting point in establishing a climate for creative thinking in an organization is to:
a. promote convergent thinking among employees.
b. establish a vision and mission that includes creativity.
c. have a highly structured organizational setup.
d. discourage risk taking.
Q:
Financial manager Josie needs a creative idea. She might try jogging because:
a. exercise promotes convergent thinking that is important for creativity.
b. physical exercise is known to block out traditional thinking.
c. physical exercise pumps more blood and oxygen into the brain.
d. fatigue is good for creative thinking.
Q:
The lawyer's role in "Be an explorer, artist, judge, and lawyer" is to:
a. find a client to pay for an idea.
c. critically evaluate ideas.
d. find ways to implement ideas.
ANSWER: d
Q:
Research suggests workers are more likely to have a breakthrough idea when they are:
a. happy the day before.
b. daydreaming about the future.
c. multitasking with several electronic devices.
d. depressed about an event in personal life.
Q:
A common thread to creativity-enhancing exercises is that they require:
a. people to solve a puzzle.
b. convergent thinking.
c. variations of brainstorming.
d. flexible thinking.
Q:
You and the other members of your business unit are participating in the pet-peeve technique. Therefore, you would:
a. list all the complaints you have about your leader.
b. think up complaints that others might have about your unit.
c. think up all the things you do not like about your unit.
d. develop new ideas for products that consumers might want.
Q:
Brainstorming is often condemned as being _____.
a. biased
b. superficial
c. unproductive
d. time consuming
Q:
A method of managing creative workers is to _____.
a. emphasize autocratic leadership
b. have a high degree of structure
c. give them flexibility
d. discourage risk taking
Q:
A high amount of harmony and cohesion in an organization can lead to:
a. lower organizational creativity due to homogenous thinking.
b. higher organizational creativity due to heterogeneous thinking.
c. a reliance on the CEO to provide creative direction.
d. a reliance on younger employees to provide new ideas.
Q:
Middle manager Bob establishes idea quotas for his organizational unit, meaning that workers will be asked to:
a. bring in one fresh idea each meeting.
b. steal ideas from other organizational units.
c. invest a certain percentage of their time to creative thinking.
d. brainstorm for ten minutes at the start of each staff meeting.
Q:
When coming up with a creative idea,
a. it is best to apply the first idea that comes to mind.
b. the best idea usually arrives at the end of the work day.
c. it is better to borrow an idea than attempt an original one.
d. a person needs to try a large number of ideas.
Q:
A business example of thinking outside the box is:
a. people of all ages might respond to advertising.
b. sidewalks can be made out of rubber rather than cement.
c. the market potential for human health insurance is very high.
d. car-wash customers might also want the car to be waxed.
Q:
To become more creative, it is important to:
a. overcome traditional thinking.
b. develop more traditional thinking.
c. redefine traditional thinking.
d. postpone traditional thinking until the final stages of problem solving.
Q:
A worker has the experience of flow when he or she:
a. has a rapid succession of ideas.
b. rapidly corrects personal mistakes.
c. piggybacks on the ideas of others.
d. is totally absorbed in the task at hand.
Q:
A cognitive characteristic of creative people is that they _____.
a. are left-brain dominant.
b. are able to think divergently.
c. do not have the ability to narrow the number of alternatives.
d. do not extend their curiosity beyond their field of interest.
Q:
A dominant characteristic of creative workers is a passion for:
a. their work.
b. the rewards associated with creative work.
c. working in teams.
d. working in a large bureaucracy.
Q:
An intellectual characteristic of creative people is that they:
a. are extraordinarily brilliant.
b. maintain a curiosity for information only in their field of expertise.
c. tune out the feelings of other people.
d. maintain a youthful curiosity throughout their lives.
Q:
A finding about the insight step of creative thinking is that the flash of insight:
a. occurs when a person is mentally exhausted.
b. occurs when a person has almost given up on the problem.
c. is usually an almost totally new idea.
d. often arrives after hours of thought and study.
Q:
During the insight step of creative thinking, a person:
a. gathers supporting evidence for the problem solution.
b. suddenly obtains the problem-conquering solution.
c. dreams up a problem to work on.
d. becomes totally absorbed in the problem.
Q:
A creative idea is considered to be innovative when the idea:
a. receives a patent.
b. is put into action.
c. is novel.
d. earns a profit.
Q:
Companies should only look outside of their own ranks for creative talent, as those within the organization have likely been indoctrinated into a rigid, non-creative way of thinking.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A potential negative side effect of placing a heavy emphasis on innovation is that the company collects many ideas of limited value.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A recommendation for managing creative workers is to provide them with a minimum amount of structure.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Research based on the LMX theory indicates that favorable exchanges between managers and creative workers are associated with low creativity.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Fernando, the president of a consumer products division, wants staff members to enhance their creativity. It would therefore be a good idea for Fernando to place creative ideas through a complicated, time-consuming review process.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Work groups tend to be more creative when group members support each other, and when the group is diverse in a number of ways.
a. True
b. False
Q:
To enhance creativity, it is best to carefully specify the correct method for workers to accomplish a work goal.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Part of the artist role in becoming more creative is to stretch one's imagination.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Seeing opportunities is an important part of entrepreneurial leadership.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Business leaders rarely use brainstorming because the technique is mostly geared toward relatively minor ideas like choosing a slogan for a safety campaign.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A recommended strategy for finding a creative idea is to try a large number of ideas.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A person who has the experience of flow becomes preoccupied with the external consequences of performing a task.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Distaste for the task is associated with high creativity because the worker works rapidly to find a solution to the distasteful problem.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A creative person within an organization is typically a conformist.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A leader who accumulates considerable knowledge will have difficulty being creative because such knowledge usually blocks original thinking.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The last step in the creative process is verification and application.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The problem-conquering solution flashes into the persons mind at an unexpected time during the insight step of the creative process.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Jonathan is asked to coach a batch of new employees. Before this, his superior outlines a number of suggestions for how Jonathan can best approach coaching and improve the performance of his group. List and briefly explain three of these suggestions.
Q:
Roshan, an operations manager in a firm, is asked to apply the best practices of both the expectancy theory and the goal theory to improve the performance of his team. What options would Roshan have in this regard?
Q:
George, a manager, is advised by the top management to apply the expectancy theory to his team. What would be the basic data that George requires to put the theory into practice?
Q:
A worker receiving a floor clock for having saved the company thousands of dollars in shipping costs is an example of:
a. workers experiencing pride in relation to recognition symbols.
b. workers being underrated on account of their productivity.
c. employers unnecessarily ingratiating the workers.
d. employers trying to lobby their employees.
Q:
Which of the following is true of the motivational use of recognition and praise?
a. Motivation has to be linked to corporate values to minimize its impact.
b. It is important that meritorious behavior is kept confidential within the team.
c. It is important to praise so that the employees are set against each other.
d. An individual's preference for the type of praise should be taken into account.
Q:
Rohan, the production manager of a firm, is asked to provide a one-to-one developmental program to Milan, who is an assistant production manager. The program covers aspects like total sales revenue to be achieved for the month, and the individual numbers that Milan will have to contribute. This program is an example of a(n) _____.
a. performance improvement program
b. induction program
c. executive training program
d. offsite training program
Q:
Martin, the marketing manager of a company, is very knowledgeable in his particular role, but he often has trouble coaching new employees. Of the following, which is most likely affecting Martins ability to coach well?
a. His inability to give emotional support when a new employee struggles
b. How he listens actively in almost every conversation
c. His removing obstacles to help employees perform their best
d. The way he applauds good results