Q&A Hero

Q: When a manuscript is written by an author, edited, and sent to a printer for printing, this process represents _____ interdependence.

Q: Alba Inc. has consulting offices throughout the world. Each office has to follow local laws and customs. This is an example of the use of _____ departmentalization.

Q: If Dominique works as a welder for a week, a drill press operator the next week, a lathe operator the following week, and is back to welding again the following week, her supervisor is using the alternative to job specialization known as _____.

Q: Enlightened Minds is a software services firm that uses routine training programs, seminars by eminent developers, and discussion forums to keep employees updated on the recent developments in the software field. Enlightened Minds is an example of a(n) _____. a. learning organization b. team organization c. H-Form organization d. matrix organization e. virtual organization

Q: A _____ organization works to facilitate the lifelong personal development of all of its employees while continually transforming itself to respond to changing demands and needs. a. bureaucratic b. centralized c. hybrid d. learning e. matrix

Q: A virtual organization: a. typically has only a handful of permanentemployees. b. typically has a bureaucratic design. c. has an inflexible formal structure. d. typically has a very large staff and administrative headquarters facility. e. has functional departmentalization.

Q: An organization that uses a team organization design:. a. has a bureaucratic structure. b. has an inflexible organizational structure. c. has functional teams that perform specific functional tasks. d. relies exclusively on project-type teams. e. provides little scope for teams to develop adaptability.

Q: The _____ design is essentiallya holding company that results from unrelated diversification. a. H-form b. U-form c. divisional d. departmental e. M-form

Q: The _____ design is based on twooverlapping bases of departmentalization. a. H-form b. matrix c. functional d. divisional e. U-form

Q: The _____ design is based on multiple businesses in related areas operating within a larger organizational framework. a. conglomerate b. divisional c. H-form d. matrix e. functional

Q: Underthe _____ arrangement, the members and units in an organization are grouped intofunctional departments such as marketing and production. a. division form b. Z-form c. H-form d. U-form e. M-form

Q: As an organization passes from one stage of the organizational lifecycle to the next, _____. a. it becomes smaller b. it's coordination demands increase c. it becomes more centralized d. it's structure becomes less mechanistic e. it's control systems become more limited

Q: _____ is a period of stability in an organizational lifecycle, eventually evolving into decline. a. Maturity b. Birth c. Youth d. Midlife e. Synergy

Q: The _____ of an organizational life cycle is characterized by growth and the expansion of organizational resources. a. youth b. birth c. senescence d. decline e. divestiture

Q: Organizational size is defined as: a. the total number of investors and stockholders in an organization. b. the total number of departments in an organization. c. the total number of full-time or full-time"equivalent employees in an organization. d. the total number of customers of an organization. e. the total number of middle and first-line managers in an organization.

Q: _____ is the degree to which the various subunits must work together in a coordinated fashion. a. Integration b. Differentiation c. Departmentalization d. Specialization e. Entropy

Q: _____ is the extent to which an organization isbroken down into subunits. a. Entropy b. Differentiation c. Integration d. Synergy e. Divestiture

Q: Which of the following statements is true about an organic organization? a. It has a flexible and informal organizational design. b. It is most likely to be operating in a very stable and predictable environment. c. It has a structure that is similar to a bureaucracy. d. It is most likely to have centralized authority. e. It has higher levels of job specialization than a mechanistic organization.

Q: Which of the following statements is true about organic organizations? a. They are similar to bureaucracies. b. They are formal and rigid. c. They have centralized authority. d. They operate in unstable environments. e. They have an inflexible organizational design.

Q: A mechanistic organization is most likely to: a. have the least level of job specialization. b. have a flexible structure. c. have centralized authority. d. have an informal organizational design. e. operate in an unstable environment.

Q: Which of the following statements is true about mechanistic organizations? a. They have a very flexible and informal structure. b. They have the lowest level of job specialization. c. They are highly decentralized. d. They are most frequently found in unpredictable and unstable environments. e. They structure their activities in predictable ways.

Q: Mechanistic organizations: a. have the least level of specialization. b. are least likely to have rules and regulations. c. are most frequently found in stable environments. d. are least likely to be bureaucratic. e. arethe most decentralized.

Q: A(n) _____ organization is similar to the bureaucratic model. a. mechanistic b. organic c. continuous process d. large-batch e. unit

Q: Gemini Motors has an assembly-line structure. Workers combine separate parts into standardized finished motorbikes. Gemini Motors is most likely to be using _____ technology. a. small-batch b. mass-production c. continuous-process d. unit e. job enrichment

Q: A finding of Woodward's study about forms of technology was that: a. mass-production organizations tended to have the lowest level of specialization. b. small-batch organizations tended to have minimal bureaucracy. c. mass-production organizations tended to be the least bureaucratic. d. continuous-process technology was the simplest of all forms of technology. e. continuous-process organizations tended to be the most bureaucratic.

Q: According to Woodward's findings related to technology and organization design: a. successful continuous-processorganizations tended to have more bureaucracy. b. unit-batch organizations had the highest level of specialization. c. mass-production organizations tended to be the least bureaucratic. d. unit-batch organizations tended to be the most bureaucratic. e. mass-production organizations had a higher level of specialization.

Q: According to Woodward, which of the following is true about the relationship between organization design and core technology? a. Organizations using mass production technology tend to have the least level of specialization. b. Organizations using continuous-process technologies tend to be the most bureaucratic. c. Organizations with large-batch technologies tend to be more bureaucratic. d. Continuous-process technology is the least complex of all other technologies. e. Organizations using unit or small-batch technology are the most bureaucratic.

Q: In organizations using _____, the product is manufactured in assembly-line fashion by combining component parts into another part or finished product. a. job rotation technology b. large-batch technology c. unit technology d. continuous-process technology e. small-batch technology

Q: In _____ technology, raw materials are transformed to a finished product by a series of machine transformations in such a way that the composition of the materials themselves is changed. a. product-customization b. large-batch c. mass-production d. continuous-process e. small-batch

Q: Alpha Electronics assembles different parts to make standardized laptops. Alpha Electronics uses _____ technology. a. job rotation b. mass-production c. unit d. continuous-process e. small-batch

Q: Jeanne owns a boutique in Paris and is best known for the formal suits that she stitches for working women. She makes customized suits for each of her customers, keeping their age, body type, and their appearance in mind. Which of the following technologies is Jeanne using in her boutique? a. Standardized-process technology b. Large-batch technology c. Continuous-process technology d. Small-batch technology e. Mass-production technology

Q: Durban Cafe takes one order at a time and customizes the coffee as per the customer's requirement . The cafe uses _____ technology. a. small-batch b. mass-production c. continuous-process d. standardized process e. large-batch

Q: _____ encompasses the conversion processes used to transform inputs (such as materialsor information) into outputs (such as products or services). a. Deskilling b. Entropy c. Synergy d. Technology e. Divestiture

Q: According to Weber, in a bureaucracy: a. there should not be any arbitrary dismissals. b. there should be no rules and regulations. c. promotions should not be given based on technical expertise. d. there should not be a social distance between supervisors and subordinates. e. there should be a chain of command.

Q: Which of the following is a characteristic of Weber's bureaucracy? a. Promotions based on technical expertise b. Absence of rules and regulations c. Arbitrary dismissals d. Random work assignment e. A high level of decentralization

Q: Which of the following is one of the characteristics of Weber's bureaucracy? a. Distinct division of labor b. Close personal relationships between supervisors and subordinates c. Absence of rules and regulations d. Maximum level of decentralization e. Presence of cross-departmental teams

Q: A(n) _____ is a model of organization design based on a legitimate and formal system of authority. a. adhocracy b. bureaucracy c. entropy d. autocracy e. theocracy

Q: Sequential interdependence: a. typically involves no interaction among departments. b. generally involves one-way interdependence. c. is the most complex form of interdependence. d. is a level of interdependence in which the performance of one department is not affected by the performance of other departments. e. represents the lowest level of interdependence.

Q: Cuisine Royale is a restaurant chain that has many outlets. Each outlet has a separate budget and a set of staff. To determine the success of the entire chain, the profits made by all the outlets are put together. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario? a. Pooled interdependence b. Reciprocal interdependence c. Job rotation d. Sequential interdependence e. Specialization

Q: At Synergy School, Math, English, Science and Social Studies departments operate separately. Student test scores in each area are gathered to evaluate the effectiveness of the school. What level of interdependence does this represent? a. Pooled interdependence b. Complexinterdependence c. Reciprocalinterdependence d. Sequentialinterdependence e. Absolute interdependence

Q: At Libra Motors Inc. operations managers give availability information to the dealerships department. When the dealerships department has a specific order, it is sent to the operations department. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario? a. Sequential interdependence b. Product departmentalization c. Pooled interdependence d. Reciprocal interdependence e. One-way interdependence

Q: At Heritage Chocolates, the raw materials are processed at a plant and then sent to the manufacturing plant. The manufactured chocolates are finally sent to the packaging plant. This scenario illustrates _____ at Heritage Chocolates. a. pooledinterdependence b. two-wayinterdependence c. reciprocalinterdependence d. sequentialinterdependence e. structuralinterdependence

Q: Reciprocal interdependence: a. is found in product and not service-based companies. b. involves one-way interdependence. c. represents the lowest level of interdependence. d. involves minimal communication among departments. e. is the most complex form of interdependence.

Q: _____ exists when activities flow both ways between units. a. Sequential interdependence b. Pooled interdependence c. Structural interdependence d. Reciprocal interdependence e. Total interdependence

Q: In _____, the output of one unit becomes the input for another in a serial fashion. a. pooled interdependence b. sequential interdependence c. structural interdependence d. total interdependence e. reciprocal interdependence

Q: Units with _____ operate with little interactionthe output of the units is put together at the organizational level. a. pooled interdependence b. total interdependence c. reciprocal interdependence d. sequential interdependence e. structural interdependence

Q: _____ represents the lowest level of interdependence. a. Pooledinterdependence b. Reciprocalinterdependence c. Sequentialinterdependence d. Synergeticinterdependence e. Structuralinterdependence

Q: At Delta Corp. the manufacturing and design department frequently consults with the research and development department and the marketing and sales department regularly interacts with the manufacturing and design department. This scenario illustrates _____ at Delta. a. coordination b. delegation c. job rotation d. job specialization e. centralization

Q: _____ is defined as the process oflinking the activitiesof the variousdepartments of an organization. a. Centralization b. Specialization c. Decentralization d. Coordination e. Delegation

Q: At Supertech Inc., a technology company, employees are given more authority and are allowed to make their own decisions. Supertech operates in a business environment that is not predictable. The middle managers, supervisors, and employees have a degree of autonomy and are encouraged to make decisions. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario? a. Deskilling b. High power distance c. Micromanagement d. Decentralization e. Job specialization

Q: Gadgetbug Inc. manufactures home appliances. All the decisions are made by the top managers at the company. The middle and lower managers follow the instructions given by top managers rather than making decisions by themselves. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario? a. Self-dealing b. Synergy c. Centralization d. Specialization e. Delegation

Q: _____ is the process of systematicallyretaining power and authority in the hands of higher-level managers. a. Specialization b. Delegation c. Centralization d. Self-dealing e. Deskilling

Q: _____ is the process of systematicallydelegating power and authority throughout the organization to middle- and lower-levelmanagers. a. Deskilling b. Decentralization c. Self-dealing d. Divesting e. Specialization

Q: _____ is the process by which a manager assigns a portion of his or her total workload to others. a. Micromanagement b. Delegation c. Entropy d. Synergy e. Centralization

Q: _____ is power that has beenlegitimized by the organization. a. Entropy b. Process gain c. Synergy d. Authority e. Process loss

Q: Researchers have found that a flat organization structure _____. a. fosters more communication problems b. is more expensive to maintain than a tall structure c. leads to higher levels of employee morale d. fosters bureaucracy e. leads to lower levels of employee productivity

Q: Tall organizations: a. have more managers than flat organizations. b. foster employee morale better than flat organizations. c. place excessive supervisory responsibilities on managers. d. have very few communication problems. e. have less managerial expenses than flat organizations.

Q: A wide span of management in a flat organization may result in a manager having _____. a. less authority over subordinates b. more administrative responsibility c. less accountability to a higher-up d. less supervisory responsibility e. more officers at different levels to report to

Q: When compared to flat organizations, tall organizations: a. foster fewer communication problems. b. foster more employee productivity. c. are more expensive. d. place excessive responsibilities on managers. e. are less bureaucratic.

Q: When compared to tall organizations, flat organizations: a. are more expensive. b. place more supervisory responsibilities on managers. c. have more layers of managers. d. place minimal administrative responsibilities on managers. e. have lower levels of employee morale and productivity.

Q: Which of the following is an accurate comparison between tall organizations and flat organizations? a. Tall organizations foster employee morale better than flat organizations. b. Tall organizations have fewer managers than flat organizations. c. Tall organizations foster more communication problems than flat organizations. d. Tall organizations place excessive administrative responsibilities on managers than flat organizations. e. Tall organizations foster more productivity than flat organizations.

Q: Which of the following concepts suggests that there must be a clear and unbroken line of authority that extends from thelowest to the highest position in the organization? a. The scalar principle b. Unity of command c. Entropy d. Synergy e. Decentralization

Q: _____ suggests that each person within an organization must have a clear reportingrelationship to one and only one boss. a. Span of management b. Entropy c. Flat hierarchy d. Unity of command e. Scalar principle

Q: The term span of management refers to the: a. extent to which authority is delegated at the individual level. b. extent to which authority is systematically delegated to middle and lower levels of management. c. number of people reporting to a particular manager. d. process of grouping jobs according to some logical pattern. e. number of managers assigned to a department.

Q: _____is defined as a clear and distinctline of authorityamong the positionsin an organization. a. Chain of command b. Span of management c. Job deskilling d. Flat structure e. Synergy

Q: One disadvantage of using product departmentalization is that: a. decision making tends to become slower and more bureaucratic. b. the performance of individual products or product groups becomes difficult to assess. c. administrative costs rise because each department must have its own functional specialists. d. all activities associated with one product or product group cannot be easily integrated and coordinated. e. accountability of departments becomes very difficult to monitor.

Q: The advantage of using the functional departmentalization approach is that: a. supervision is facilitated because an individual manager needs to be familiar with only a small set of skills. b. the speed and effectiveness of decision making increase as the organization grows. c. accountability and performancebecome easier to monitor. d. employees get a better view of the total organization. e. decision making becomes lessbureaucratic as the organization grows.

Q: Janice owns a bakery that has only ten employees, out of which three are bakers, four are waiters, and the rest belong to the housekeeping staff. Which of the following approaches to departmentalization would work best for the bakery? a. Functional departmentalization b. Product departmentalization c. Customer departmentalization d. Location departmentalization e. Sequential departmentalization

Q: Relish Inc. is a large corporation in the food industry that manufactures canned foods, confectionery, and baked foods. The organization has a separate department for each of these types of food manufactured. Each department integrates all the activities required to manage their respective line of food. Which of the following types of departmentalization is illustrated in the scenario? a. Sequential departmentalization b. Customer departmentalization c. Product departmentalization d. Location departmentalization e. Functional departmentalization

Q: Which of the following is a disadvantage of functional departmentalization? a. Supervision becomes difficult as managers will need to have skills in several areas. b. Coordinating activities inside each department becomes difficult. c. Decision making may tend to become slower as the organization grows. d. Employees tend to focus on the overall organization rather than their specific jobs. e. Functional departmentalization cannot be implemented for smaller organizations.

Q: At Gamma Inc., there are separate departments of employees who specialize in sales, service maintenance, customer service, and accounting. What form of departmentalization does Gamma use? a. Functional departmentalization b. Product departmentalization c. Location departmentalization d. Customer departmentalization e. Sequential departmentalization

Q: Creating different teams for finance, production, and marketing is consistent with _____ departmentalization. a. location b. product c. functional d. sequential e. customer

Q: _____ departmentalizationgroups together those jobs involving the same or similar activities. a. Product b. Functional c. Location d. Customer e. Sequential

Q: _____ is the process of grouping jobs according to some logical arrangement. a. Job rotation b. Job enrichment c. Departmentalization d. Centralization e. Industrialization

Q: In the context of the job characteristics approach, _____ refers to theextent to which a worker knows how well the job is being performed. a. feedback b. task identity c. task significance d. autonomy e. skill variety

Q: In the context of the job characteristics approach, skill variety refers to: a. the extent to which a worker knows how well the job is being performed. b. the degree of control a worker has over how the work is performed. c. the perceived importance of a task. d. the extent to which a worker does a complete or identifiable portionof the total job. e. the number of things a person does in a job.

Q: According to the job characteristics approach, task identity is _____. a. the number of things a person does in a job b. the extent to which a worker does a complete portion of the total job c. the extent to which a worker knows how well the job is being performed d. the perceived importance of the task e. the degree of control a worker has over how the work is performed

Q: Job enrichment: a. does not increase the number of tasks that workers perform. b. requires the organization to be highly centralized. c. requires delegation of authority. d. requires workers to perform a single task. e. involves workers moving from job to job in a predetermined manner.

Q: _____ attempts to increase both the number of tasks a worker does and the controlthe worker has over the job. a. Job deskilling b. Job enrichment c. Job specialization d. Job rotation e. Job entropy

Q: Which of the following would require continually adding new tasks and challenges as part of the job design? a. Job enlargement b. Job specialization c. Job rotation d. Job enrichment e. Job deskilling