Q&A Hero

Q: A theory that suggests that employees compare their inputs and outputs from a job to the ratio of relevant others is known as ________. A) action motivation B) goal setting C) reinforcement theory D) equity theory

Q: During the job analysis process, the primary purpose of having workers review and modify data collected about their current positions is to ________. A) confirm that the information is correct and complete B) provide a legal benchmark for employer lawsuits C) encourage employees to seek additional job training D) validate the job specification list provided by HR

Q: While performing the fifth step of a job analysis, it is essential to confirm the validity of collected data with the ________. A) EEOC representative B) HR manager C) legal department D) worker

Q: Job enrichment in the JCM seems to work best with people who have ________. A) a low growth need B) a high growth need C) no growth need D) a variable growth need

Q: In the JCM, motivation and satisfaction increase when this is true. A) The employee feels good about herself. B) The employee cares about the task. C) The employee feels rewarded. D) The employee feels like she belongs.

Q: The fourth step in conducting a job analysis most likely involves collecting data about all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) required employee abilities B) typical working conditions C) employee turnover rates D) specific job activities

Q: Autonomy is important in the JCM because it gives the worker ________. A) time to finish the job B) help from fellow employees C) flexibility in dealing with managers D) a sense of personal responsibility

Q: During the job analysis process, it is most important to ________ before collecting data about specific job duties and working conditions. A) test job questionnaires on a small group of workers B) confirm the job activity list with employees C) select a sample of similar jobs to analyze D) assemble the job specifications list

Q: The JCM contends that these dimensions are required for a high level of motivation among workers. A) high pay, autonomy, feedback B) meaningful work, autonomy, feedback C) meaningful work, autonomy, independence D) autonomy, feedback, good management

Q: Which of the following best describes business process reengineering? A) using computerized systems to combine separate tasks B) creating a visual chart for work flow procedures C) assigning additional activities to new employees D) developing employee skills and behaviors

Q: The JCM contends that ________ are required in meaningful work. A) skill variety, task identity, and task significance B) skill variety, autonomy, and feedback C) task identity, autonomy, and feedback D) task significance, autonomy, and feedback

Q: A workflow analyst would most likely focus on which of the following? A) methods used by the firm to accomplish tasks B) behaviors needed to complete specific work C) a single, identifiable work process D) a quantifiable worker skill

Q: The JCM contends that meaningful work is ________. A) high paying B) always difficult C) considered important and valuable by the worker D) considered unimportant to managers

Q: A(n) ________ shows the flow of inputs to and outputs from a job being analyzed. A) organization chart B) process chart C) job analysis D) job description

Q: The job characteristics model (JCM) maintains that ________ is critical to motivating workers. A) how workers are treated B) how jobs are designed C) equal treatment for all D) setting goals

Q: Which of the following indicates the division of work within a firm and the lines of authority and communication? A) process chart B) employee matrix C) organization chart D) corporate overview

Q: Goal-setting tends to do well in ________, where its basic ideas align well with general cultural values. A) North America B) South America C) India and China D) the Middle East

Q: All of the following requirements are typically addressed in job specifications EXCEPT ________. A) desired personality traits B) required education levels C) necessary experience D) working conditions

Q: Which of the following refers to the human requirements needed for a job, such as education, AACSBs, and personality? A) job specifications B) job analysis C) job placement D) job descriptions

Q: In which kinds of cultures does goal-setting theory work best? A) high power distance, high uncertainty avoidance B) low power distance, high uncertainty avoidance C) high power distance, low uncertainty avoidance D) low power distance, low uncertainty avoidance

Q: Which of the following is a written statement that describes the activities, responsibilities, working conditions, and supervisory responsibilities of a job? A) job specification B) job analysis C) job description D) job context

Q: In goal-setting theory, which of the following is the best kind of feedback? A) feedback from a superior B) feedback from a peer C) self-generated feedback D) group feedback

Q: Which of the following data collection techniques would be most useful when writing a job description for a software engineer? A) distributing position analysis questionnaires B) interviewing employees C) analyzing organization charts D) developing a job process chart

Q: Setting goals definitely seems to ________. A) increase performance and motivation B) increase motivation but not performance C) decrease performance but increase motivation D) decrease motivation and performance

Q: Which is the best summary of goal-setting theory? A) Goals make no difference in performance. B) Specific goals increase performance. C) Always make your goals very difficult to reach. D) Easy goals make for happier employees.

Q: Jennifer, a manager at an engineering firm, has been assigned the task of conducting a job analysis. What should be Jennifer's first step in the process? A) deciding how the gathered information will be used B) collecting data on job activities and working conditions C) selecting representative job positions to assess D) reviewing relevant background information

Q: In a short essay, discuss why improving extrinsic hygiene factors does not, according to Herzberg, improve employee satisfaction with a job.

Q: The ________ lists a job's specific duties as well as the skills and training needed to perform a particular job. A) organization chart B) job analysis C) work aid D) job description

Q: Allison, a manager at a large clothing retail store, needs to determine essential duties that have not been assigned to specific employees. Which of the following would most likely provide Allison with this information? A) work activities B) job context C) job analysis D) performance standards

Q: In a short essay, list and discuss how Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory works.

Q: In order for Hollis Construction to be in full compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, the manager needs a ________ for each position to validate all human resource activities. A) performance appraisal B) compensation schedule C) workflow system D) job analysis

Q: In a short essay, explain the concept of motivation with respect to an organization. Then identify and describe the three key aspects of motivation.

Q: Which of the following most likely depends on a job's required skills, education level, safety hazards, and degree of responsibility? A) employee compensation B) organizational culture C) annual training requirements D) OSHA and EEO compliance

Q: McClelland thinks that having a high nAch guarantees that a person will be a good manager.

Q: A manager uses the information in a job analysis for all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) assessing training requirements B) complying with FCC regulations C) determining appropriate compensation D) providing accurate performance appraisals

Q: McClelland proposed that people with a high nAch simply want to do things better than other people.

Q: All of the following types of information will most likely be collected by a human resources specialist through a job analysis EXCEPT ________. A) work activities B) human behaviors C) performance standards D) employee benefits options

Q: In Herzberg's view, removing a hygiene factor makes a person less dissatisfied with his or her job.

Q: In Herzberg's view, removing a factor of dissatisfaction makes a person more satisfied with his or her job.

Q: The information resulting from a job analysis is used for writing ________. A) job descriptions B) corporate objectives C) personnel questionnaires D) training requirements

Q: Using fear as a motivator is a Theory X management style.

Q: Which of the following terms refers to the procedure used to determine the duties associated with job positions and the characteristics of the people to hire for those positions? A) job description B) job specification C) job analysis D) job context

Q: McGregor holds the opinion that managers are less successful when they adopt a Theory Y view of human nature.

Q: Connor, a manager at a boat manufacturing firm, takes a talent management approach to his duties. Which of the following would Connor most likely do? A) coordinate recruitment and compensation activities B) use different competencies for recruitment and development C) rely primarily on applicant testing results for hiring decisions D) manage employees based on their experience with the organization

Q: Which term refers to the integrated process of planning, recruiting, developing, managing, and compensating employees? A) job analysis B) HR alignment C) strategic planning D) talent management

Q: In McGregor's theory of motivation, managers with a Theory Y view of life think people need to be given the freedom to make their own choices.

Q: The primary purpose of strategic human resource management is to ________. A) develop human resource policies that align with industry standards B) integrate a company's strategic plan with its human resource strategies C) create stringent appraisal systems that highlight employee weaknesses D) use offshoring to reduce human resource costs and to initiate globalization

Q: According to McGregor, managers should employ a Theory X style of management.

Q: Formulating and executing human resource policies and practices that produce the employee competencies and behaviors a company needs to achieve its strategic aims is known as ________. A) strategic human resource management B) human resource performance systems C) high-performance personnel management D) personnel management by objectives

Q: Maslow's empirical studies provided substantial proof of the validity of his hierarchical model.

Q: All of the following are roles that departmental managers would most likely have in the strategic planning process EXCEPT ________. A) developing functional, departmental plans B) assisting top managers in devising a strategic plan C) deciding the businesses in which a firm will be involved D) providing input to top management about industry trends

Q: Maslow states that people can no longer be motivated by a given need if it is largely taken care of.

Q: ________ is a strategic planning tool that shows the "big picture" of how each department performance contributes to achieve the company's overall strategic goal. A) Strategic objectives B) Visionary strategy C) Vertical strategy D) Strategy map

Q: In Maslow's view, the key to understanding motivation is to understand where in the hierarchy of needs a person is located.

Q: A firm's functional strategies identify the broad activities that each ________ will do in order to help the business accomplish its strategic goals. A) supplier B) department C) executive D) employee

Q: In Maslow's system, a person takes care of social needs before worrying about personal safety.

Q: Which of the following strategies identifies the broad activities that each department will pursue in order to help a business attain its competitive goals? A) competitive B) business-level C) corporate-level D) functional

Q: Maslow contends that lower-order needs are satisfied internally and higher-order needs are satisfied externally.

Q: Companies like Ferrari are known as ________ because they carve out a market niche and compete by providing a product that customers can attain in no other way. A) cost leaders B) focusers C) visionaries D) market leaders

Q: Maslow argued that each level in the needs hierarchy must be substantially satisfied before the next becomes dominant.

Q: Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that all needs are sought after to an equal degree at all times.

Q: A company's business-level strategy identifies the ________. A) ways to strengthen a firm's long-term competitive position in the marketplace B) tools for diversifying a business portfolio through the acquisition of MNEs C) means to becoming a low-cost leader within a highly competitive industry D) ways to carve out a market niche in order to compete for high-end customers

Q: Zach was using which type of Herzberg factors to increase productivity levels? A) motivators B) hygiene C) social D) esteem

Q: Susan was trying to use what type of Herzberg factors to increase productivity? A) motivators B) hygiene C) social D) esteem

Q: Which of the following refers to any factors that allow a company to differentiate its product or service from those of its competitors to increase market share? A) functional strategy B) competitive advantage C) distinctive competence D) related diversification

Q: Application of Early Theories of Motivation (Scenario)Three managers work at the Pabco Company. Aaron really "cracks the whip" on his employees and firmly believes in strict controls and punishment for those employees who do not perform to company expectations.Zach has very few controls and believes that as long as people know what their objectives are, they will exercise self-control and self-direction.Susan has been trying to improve working conditions and manager-employee relations to increase the level of productivity in her department.Zach is what type of manager?A) Theory X-orientedB) Theory Y-orientedC) dictatorialD) autocratic

Q: A company's ________ strategy identifies how to build and strengthen the business's long-term competitive position in the marketplace. A) functional B) corporate-level C) horizontal D) competitive

Q: McClelland's need that has received the most attention and research is the ________.A) need for achievementB) need for powerC) need for recognitionD) need for affiliation

Q: Sweet Leaf Tea, a Texas-based maker of bottled iced tea, is a small but fast-growing firm that has gained a loyal following for its use of fresh, organic ingredients in its beverages. Although beverage industry experts recommended that Sweet Leaf replace the organic cane sugar and honey it uses with less costly high-fructose corn syrup, Sweet Leaf refused because of the company's mission to provide a high-quality, organic beverage to consumers. The 11-year old company has 50 employees, and its products are available in 30% of the U.S. market. Sweet Leaf Tea recently received multi-million dollar investments which will enable the business to expand its national presence. Which of the following, if true, best supports the idea that Sweet Leaf Tea has implemented a competitive strategy of differentiation? A) New Sweet Leaf Tea customers are initially attracted to the unique labels and logo on the bottles. B) Loyal customers of Sweet Leaf Tea seek products that are USDA certified organic despite the associated higher costs. C) Other brands of bottled iced tea compete with Sweet Leaf Tea by offering new flavors at competitive prices. D) Sweet Leaf Tea sells both lemonade and teas in a variety of flavors that appeal to consumers of all ages.

Q: Successful managers tend to be better at ________. A) doing their own work than helping others B) identifying their own goals than identifying goals of subordinates C) helping others achieve goals than achieving their own goals D) accomplishing goals than identifying goals

Q: Sweet Leaf Tea, a Texas-based maker of bottled iced tea, is a small but fast-growing firm that has gained a loyal following for its use of fresh, organic ingredients in its beverages. Although beverage industry experts recommended that Sweet Leaf replace the organic cane sugar and honey it uses with less costly high-fructose corn syrup, Sweet Leaf refused because of the company's mission to provide a high-quality, organic beverage to consumers. The 11-year old company has 50 employees, and its products are available in 30% of the U.S. market. Sweet Leaf Tea recently received multi-million dollar investments which will enable the business to expand its national presence. Which of the following, if true, would most likely undermine the argument that Sweet Leaf Tea should implement a corporate-level strategy of vertical integration? A) Sweet Leaf Tea lacks the facilities or knowledge to produce the raw ingredients for its beverages. B) Market research suggests that Sweet Leaf Tea customers primarily purchase only one flavor of tea. C) Most loyal customers of Sweet Leaf Tea purchase the beverage at neighborhood convenience stores. D) Sugar farmers used by Sweet Leaf Tea have agreed to a fixed price for the next five years so that the company can keep prices low.

Q: Successful managers tend to have this more than any other trait. A) low nPow B) high nPow C) high nAch D) high nAff

Q: Why are individuals with a high nAch not the most successful managers? A) They are concerned more about effectiveness than efficiency. B) They are more focused on organizational goals than their own desires for promotion. C) They focus too much on their own goals than the goals of others. D) They can easily be distracted by trying to build a better mousetrap.

Q: Sweet Leaf Tea, a Texas-based maker of bottled iced tea, is a small but fast-growing firm that has gained a loyal following for its use of fresh, organic ingredients in its beverages. Although beverage industry experts recommended that Sweet Leaf replace the organic cane sugar and honey it uses with less costly high-fructose corn syrup, Sweet Leaf refused because of the company's mission to provide a high-quality, organic beverage to consumers. The 11-year old company has 50 employees, and its products are available in 30% of the U.S. market. Sweet Leaf Tea recently received multi-million dollar investments which will enable the business to expand its national presence. Which of the following, if true, would best support the argument that Sweet Leaf Tea should implement a corporate-level strategy of market penetration? A) Sweet Leaf Tea can develop a national name by adding new product lines, such as organic snack foods and organic coffee. B) Sweet Leaf Tea's marketing research indicates that customers would purchase the organic beverages more frequently if the prices were lower. C) Sweet Leaf Tea can achieve growth by aggressively selling its beverages in current markets where loyal customers will help boost word-of-mouth. D) Sweet Leaf Tea's competitors primarily focus their marketing and distribution efforts on regional grocery-store chains rather than big box national retailers.

Q: You would expect a successful inventor of a new type of heart valve to have a high ________. A) nAff B) nPow C) nAch D) nFun

Q: The 2008 announcement by Starbucks that it would be closing approximately 600 of its stores suggests the firm was using a ________ strategy. A) consolidation B) diversification C) geographic expansion D) vertical integration

Q: Which of the following suggests that humans have an innate desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships? A) need for achievement B) need for power C) need for fulfillment D) need for affiliation

Q: Which three needs are recognized in McClelland's three-needs theory? A) achievement, power, security B) achievement, power, affiliation C) power, comfort, stimulation D) security, self-interest, affiliation

Q: Which of the following was directly influenced by Herzberg's two-factor theory? A) Maslow's hierarchy of needs B) the job characteristics model C) McClelland's three-needs theory D) expectancy theory

Q: Which of the following activities most likely indicates that a firm is implementing a vertical integration strategy? A) selling unprofitable divisions B) producing raw materials C) aggressively selling a new product D) purchasing a competitor's firm