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Law
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that a warrantless search of a vehicle is valid if the police have probable cause to believe that the car contains evidence that they are seeking. This decision is known as:
a. the Stout doctrine
b. the Carroll doctrine
c. the exclusionary rule
d. fruits of the poisonous tree doctrine
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that a warrantless search of a vehicle is valid if the police have probable cause to believe that the car contains evidence that they are seeking. This decision is known as:
a. the Stout doctrine
b. the Carroll doctrine
c. the exclusionary rule
d. fruits of the poisonous tree doctrine
Q:
A border search can be made:
a. on probable cause
b. on reasonable suspicion
c. without any articulable suspicion
d. all of the above
Q:
A border search can be made:
a. on probable cause
b. on reasonable suspicion
c. without any articulable suspicion
d. all of the above
Q:
Explain the difference between the concepts of "open fields" and "curtilage" and how they relate to the law of search and seizure.
Q:
The right to counsel contained within the Miranda ruling applies only when the subject of an interrogation:
a. is in custody
b. is accused of a felony crime
c. has been deemed indigent
d. has made an admission of guilt
Q:
The right to counsel contained within the Miranda ruling applies only when the subject of an interrogation:
a. is in custody
b. is accused of a felony crime
c. has been deemed indigent
d. has made an admission of guilt
Q:
The __________ case described the factors to determine whether property falls within a house's curtilage and hence is protected by the Fourth Amendment.
Q:
The Supreme Court ruled in Burdeau v. McDowell that _____ applies only to the actions of government agents and does not apply to private citizens or security employees.
a. county ordinances
b. local ordinances
c. state statutes
d. the Bill of Rights
Q:
The term __________ may include any unoccupied or undeveloped area outside of the curtilage.
Q:
The almost "official" police practice of obtaining confessions by use of brutality and violence:
a. hammering tactics
b. first degree tactics
c. third degree tactics
d. drop down tactics
Q:
The Supreme Court ruled in Burdeau v. McDowell that _____ applies only to the actions of government agents and does not apply to private citizens or security employees.
a. county ordinances
b. local ordinances
c. state statutes
d. the Bill of Rights
Q:
Some courts use a rule of thumb that the curtilage ends approximately __________ feet from the main dwelling.
Q:
The almost "official" police practice of obtaining confessions by use of brutality and violence:
a. hammering tactics
b. first degree tactics
c. third degree tactics
d. drop down tactics
Q:
Process by which actions of the police in areas such as arrests, search and seizure, and interrogations are reviewed by the U.S. court system at various levels to ensure the constitutionality of these actions:
a. judicial review
b. probable cause
c. third degree tactics
d. silver platter doctrine
Q:
This constitutional amendment states, "The right that no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."
a. First Amendment
b. Fourth Amendment
c. Fifth Amendment
d. Sixth Amendment
Q:
Process by which actions of the police in areas such as arrests, search and seizure, and interrogations are reviewed by the U.S. court system at various levels to ensure the constitutionality of these actions:
a. judicial review
b. probable cause
c. third degree tactics
d. silver platter doctrine
Q:
The case which established the basic open fields doctrine is __________.
Q:
This constitutional amendment states, "The right that no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."
a. First Amendment
b. Fourth Amendment
c. Fifth Amendment
d. Sixth Amendment
Q:
Generally, if an object is voluntarily discarded outside the curtilage of the house, the legality of its seizure will be considered under the doctrine of __________.
Q:
This constitutional amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures:
a. First Amendment
b. Fourth Amendment
c. Fifth Amendment
d. Sixth Amendment
Q:
This constitutional amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures:
a. First Amendment
b. Fourth Amendment
c. Fifth Amendment
d. Sixth Amendment
Q:
The U.S Supreme Court has found that warrantless police surveillance from the air of curtilage __________ the Fourth Amendment.
Q:
This case ruled that a person in police custody must be advised of his or her constitutional rights prior to interrogation or the information obtained can be excluded:
a. Brown v. Mississippi
b. McNabb v. United States
c. Escobedo v. United States
d. Miranda v. Arizona
Q:
This case ruled that a person in police custody must be advised of his or her constitutional rights prior to interrogation or the information obtained can be excluded:
a. Brown v. Mississippi
b. McNabb v. United States
c. Escobedo v. United States
d. Miranda v. Arizona
Q:
Due to the mobility of an automobile, this case allowed police to search automobiles upon probable cause but without a search warrant:
a. Florida v. Bostick
b. California v. Greenwood
c. Hester v. United States
d. Carroll v. United States
Q:
Under the plain view doctrine, an officer must be concerned about the validity of the entry into a __________ protected area but under open fields doctrine the officer need not be concerned.
Q:
Due to the mobility of an automobile, this case allowed police to search automobiles upon probable cause but without a search warrant:
a. Florida v. Bostick
b. California v. Greenwood
c. Hester v. United States
d. Carroll v. United States
Q:
This case allowed searches during field interrogations, also known as "pat downs":
a. Chimel v. California
b. Terry v. Ohio
c. United States v. Matlock
d. Abel v. United States
Q:
This case allowed certain searches incident to arrest:
a. Chimel v. California
b. Terry v. Ohio
c. United States v. Matlock
d. Abel v. United States
Q:
Curtilage means the __________ and __________.
Q:
Courts treat abandoned garbage differently for Fourth Amendment purposes depending on whether it is __________ the curtilage of a particular residence.
Q:
This case allowed searches during field interrogations, also known as "pat downs":
a. Chimel v. California
b. Terry v. Ohio
c. United States v. Matlock
d. Abel v. United States
Q:
This case allowed certain searches incident to arrest:
a. Chimel v. California
b. Terry v. Ohio
c. United States v. Matlock
d. Abel v. United States
Q:
__________ is the foundational U.S. Supreme Court case addressing abandoned property.
Q:
"Evidence that may lead a reasonable person to believe that a crime has been committed and that a certain person committed it" is the definition of:
a. beyond a reasonable doubt
b. reasonable suspicion
c. probable cause
d. likely evidence
Q:
This case established the exclusionary rule in federal courts:
a. Weeks v. United States
b. Wolf v. Colorado
c. Rochin v. California
d. Mapp v. Ohio
Q:
"Evidence that may lead a reasonable person to believe that a crime has been committed and that a certain person committed it" is the definition of:
a. beyond a reasonable doubt
b. reasonable suspicion
c. probable cause
d. likely evidence
Q:
This case established the exclusionary rule in federal courts:
a. Weeks v. United States
b. Wolf v. Colorado
c. Rochin v. California
d. Mapp v. Ohio
Q:
A person's mere absence from premises does not establish abandonment unless other factors show that the person intended to abandon the premises.
a. True
b. False
Q:
This case applied the exclusionary rule to all state courts:
a. Weeks v. United States
b. Wolf v. Colorado
c. Rochin v. California
d. Mapp v. Ohio
Q:
Reasonable expectation of privacy is not a consideration when determining the extent of curtilage.
a. True
b. False
Q:
This case applied the exclusionary rule to all state courts:
a. Weeks v. United States
b. Wolf v. Colorado
c. Rochin v. California
d. Mapp v. Ohio
Q:
A garage used in connection with a multiunit dwelling is considered to be outside the curtilage.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court has consistently ruled that canine sniffs by a trained drug dog are not actual search and seizures controlled by the Fourth Amendment.
Q:
The right to counsel contained within Miranda applies only when the individual under interrogation is in custody.
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court has consistently ruled that canine sniffs by a trained drug dog are not actual search and seizures controlled by the Fourth Amendment.
Q:
Accidentally dropping an object is the same as abandoning it.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The right to counsel contained within Miranda applies only when the individual under interrogation is in custody.
Q:
Fourth Amendment protections do not apply to abandoned property.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Bill of Rights applies only to the actions of government agents; it does not apply to private security employees or private citizens not acting on behalf of, or with, official law enforcement agencies.
Q:
A border search can be made without probable cause, without a warrant, and indeed, without any articulable suspicion at all.
Q:
The automobile exception to the search warrant requirement is referred to as the Carroll doctrine.
Q:
The Bill of Rights applies only to the actions of government agents; it does not apply to private security employees or private citizens not acting on behalf of, or with, official law enforcement agencies.
Q:
Curtilage is created simply by enclosing any area within a sight obscuring fence.
a. True
b. False
Q:
If a law enforcement officer, acting lawfully, seizes objects that have been voluntarily discarded on the street, in a public park, or in some other location not protected by the Fourth Amendment, the seizure is legal under the plain view doctrine.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Search and seizure is governed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Q:
A border search can be made without probable cause, without a warrant, and indeed, without any articulable suspicion at all.
Q:
A police officer can search without a warrant if consent is given by a person having authority to give such consent.
Q:
Anything without a "No Trespassing" sign posted is an open field that the police may search.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The automobile exception to the search warrant requirement is referred to as the Carroll doctrine.
Q:
Search warrants are necessary for all searches by police officers.
Q:
Search and seizure is governed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Q:
Curtilage is usually defined by property boundary lines.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Probable cause is the standard of proof a police officer needs to arrest an individual.
Q:
A police officer can search without a warrant if consent is given by a person having authority to give such consent.
Q:
Observations made from a vantage point in the open fields or a public place do not constitute a search for Fourth Amendment purposes, therefore, evidence obtained from these observations will generally be admissible in court proceedings.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Search warrants are necessary for all searches by police officers.
Q:
Reasonable suspicion is the standard of proof a police officer needs to make an arrest.
Q:
Community policing seeks to replace our traditional methods of police patrol with a more ______approach.
Q:
Probable cause is the standard of proof a police officer needs to arrest an individual.
Q:
Law enforcement officers may make warrantless observations into constitutionally protected areas such a home or the curtilage without entering the constitutionally protected area. Given this scenario, select the true statement.
a. Any observation made cannot violate the reasonable expectation of privacy of the person whose premises or activities are being observed.
b. These plain view observations cannot independently provide the necessary probable cause to obtain a warrant.
c. These observations can be made from the open fields or a public vantage point, but not from the air.
d. These observations can be made from the public vantage point or from the air, but not from open fields.
Q:
Reasonable suspicion is the standard of proof a police officer needs to make an arrest.
Q:
A police officer rummages through the garbage of a suspect without probable cause, without a warrant, and without reasonable suspicion. The officer finds incriminating evidence. Unless there is a state law to the contrary, what is the most likely determining factor in the admissibility of the evidence?
a. whether the owner of the garbage expected that no one would rummage through the garbage
b. whether the garbage was located within the curtilage of the residence
c. whether the garbage was located inside or outside of the living quarters
d. whether the garbage was placed in a garbage can or left out of the can
Q:
This philosophy of empowering citizens and developing a partnership between the police and the community to work together to solve problems is called ________________.
Q:
Harvard's Executive Sessions on Policing identified three corporate strategies for policing that are presently guiding U.S. policing: (1) strategic policing, (2) community policing, and (3) _________________.
Q:
A police officer pursues a suspect he believes, based on a hunch, possesses drugs. The officer has neither probable cause nor reasonable suspicion to justify the pursuit. Just before the officer tackled the suspect, the suspect discarded a small bag containing drugs. In this situation, how would the courts most likely view the seizure?
a. The seizure of the suspect was illegal; the abandonment of the bag was not the result of unlawful police behavior; and the drug evidence is admissible.
b. The seizure of the suspect was legal; the abandonment of the bag was not the result of unlawful police behavior; and the drug evidence is admissible.
c. The seizure of the suspect was illegal; the abandonment of the bag was the result of unlawful police behavior; and the drug evidence is inadmissible.
d. The seizure of the suspect was legal; the abandonment of the bag was the result of unlawful police behavior; and the drug evidence is inadmissible.
Q:
Which of the following is not considered an intention to abandon an object?
a. Leaving the object unattended for an unreasonable period of time
b. Leaving it unprotected in the care of no one
c. Placing the object in a garbage can within the curtilage
d. Discarding the object out of consciousness of guilt or fear of apprehension
Q:
Community policing seeks to replace our traditional methods of police patrol with a more ______approach.
Q:
This philosophy of empowering citizens and developing a partnership between the police and the community to work together to solve problems is called ________________.