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Q:
The World Trade Organization was created as a result of the:
A. Geneva Convention.
B. Uruguay Round Agreements.
C. Bretton-Woods Conference.
D. Asian-Pacific Round.
Q:
The most-favored nation principle allows:
A. economically developing nations to receive special treatment.
B. the developed nations to obtain economic advantages.
C. all member nations to have similar treatment regarding similar imports.
D. poor nations to receive financial payments from wealthy nations.
Q:
The Dispute Settlement Board allows:
A. retaliatory measures.
B. imposition of tariff for no more than 10 months.
C. a ban on the imports of the offending nation for no more than 5 months.
D. a boycott.
Q:
The comprehensive trade coalition involving the United States, Canada, and Mexico is/are the:
A. Uruguay Round Agreements.
B. North American Free Trade Agreement.
C. Geneva Conventions.
D. United Nations Conventions.
Q:
Corzina, a small nation-state has been attacked by its neighbor Troy. Another nation-state, Rutland is a friend of Corzina's but has problems with Troy. Finding this to be the best opportunity, Rutland attacks Troy, defeats Troy and takes control over its government and the civilian population. Is the cause and intention of Rutland just?
Q:
When a contract subject to CISG exceeds $500 it:
A. is enforceable without the need to be written.
B. must be written to be enforceable.
C. must be written and reviewed by attorneys for both sides.
D. must be written if the value of the contract exceeds ten percent of the net worth of a party.
Q:
The Economic Security Council:
A. will take the place of existing international agencies.
B. will replace the World Bank only.
C. would be a multi-country, decentralized international agency.
D. would coordinate the work of existing agencies.
Q:
Judges on the International Criminal Court serve for a term of:
A. three years.
B. six years.
C. nine years.
D. life.
Q:
The International Criminal Court:
A. uses the prisons of member nations.
B. has jurisdiction over individual defendants.
C. does not have imprisonment as punishment.
D. uses exile and imprisonment in the nation of the victim as punishment.
Q:
The Geneva Conventions deal with:
A. prisoners of war only.
B. occupation forces and war crimes.
C. war crimes and prisoners of war.
D. prisoners of war and occupation forces.
Q:
In determining the applicability of international pacts, the courts will first look at:
A. the international understanding of the agreement.
B. the Red Cross Commentaries.
C. the literal language of the agreement.
D. the history of the pact.
Q:
The _____ vote/s the Secretary General into office.
A. Security Council
B. General assembly
C. International Court of Justice
D. Security Council and the General Assembly
Q:
The International Court of Justice:
A. is made up of nine judges.
B. allows all nations to initiate a case before it.
C. allows nations that are not member states to have their cases heard before it.
D. can render opinions only when faced with an actual case.
Q:
The International Court of Justice is made up of _____ judges.
A. seven
B. nine
C. eleven
D. fifteen
Q:
In the ICJ, judges who disagree with the advisory opinion of the majority are empowered to issue ____.
A. dissenting opinions.
B. qualified opinions.
C. adverse opinions.
D. reverse opinions.
Q:
The _____ sees the nations of the world grouped together based on politics.
A. economic new world order
B. ideological new world order
C. civilizational new world order
D. globalized new world order
Q:
In the globalized world, the ____ becomes the seat of ultimate economic, political, and military power.
A. military bloc
B. multinational corporation
C. decentralized democracy
D. centralized autocracy
Q:
The just war theory's criterion of _____ states that war can be initiated only by legitimately recognized nation-states.
A. proportionality
B. just cause
C. right intention
D. competent authority
Q:
The principle of repentance calls for an expression of remorse by:
A. the combatants.
B. only the defeated.
C. all nations.
D. the United Nations.
Q:
The earliest development of the preemptive war concept was by:
A. Leslie Groves.
B. Curtis LeMay.
C. Thomas More.
D. Socrates.
Q:
Membership in the EU is enough to allow a nation to adopt the euro.
Q:
The EU approves of individual nations enacting cyber commerce legislation.
Q:
The globalized new world order is the only theory that has abandoned the notion that:
A. multi-national corporations are the seat of power.
B. NGOs should act as a global police.
C. the nation-state is the primary actor on the global stage.
D. international law has a set of unambiguous goals.
Q:
The World Bank works exclusively with the poorest nations in the international community.
Q:
The World Trade Organization recognizes the right of individual nations to use quotas to regulate imports.
Q:
NAFTA is designed to establish a trading market free from tariff barriers.
Q:
A protective war runs afoul of the traditions inherent within the Treaty of Westphalia.
Q:
The UN's power to enforce its decrees is a matter of voluntary acquiescence.
Q:
The authority to codify international law is the official mission of the International Court of Justice.
Q:
Joe, a victim of human rights abuses, may bring a case before the International Court of Justice.
Q:
CISG could apply to a contract between Melinda, a U.S. consumer, and Big Co., a German company.
Q:
The just war theory states that war is "just war" and has no relationship to morality.
Q:
Under the just war theory, just cause for war includes the defense of a nation that has been aggressively attacked and is unable to defend itself.
Q:
The just war theory states that war is a function of nation-states in their relationships with one another, not the purview of individuals.
Q:
The principle of restoration requires that the defeated nation pay the victor the expense incurred in the war.
Q:
Generals Groves and LeMay advocated preventative war against the Soviet Union.
Q:
A nation-state starts a preventative war to stop another nation-state's imminent attack on the first nation-state.
Q:
Robert Kagan envisions a globe divided into a group of democracies, led by the United States and the EU, and a group of autocracies led by Russia and China.
Q:
Clausewitz stated that "War is a continuation of law by other means".
Q:
John is a mechanical engineer. He has designed a car which uses water rather than fossil fuel to run? Is John's invention eligible to be patented?
Q:
Sienna runs a restaurant. The barbeque chicken that is served in the restaurant is famous and draws a large crowd. Sienna follows a special process of preparing the chicken. This process is not known to anyone except Sienna and her cook. Does this process of barbequing chicken qualify as a trade secret?
Q:
Kan Lee is a U.S. citizen and an employee of MetLoc systems. He was caught stealing and handing over semi conductors to another individual, who is a citizen of a foreign country. Both individuals were arrested. Which law would be invoked in order to prosecute Kan Lee and what would be the punishment if Kan is convicted?
Q:
A civilization is a group of people in a series of different nation-states that share certain common characteristics, including their history, religion, traditions, beliefs, often language, and sometimes ancestry.
Q:
A civilization with a recognized central state is generally less stable and more war-like than one without a recognized central state.
Q:
Polio cases have decreased by over 99% since 1988, from an estimated 350 000 cases then, to 1349 reported cases in 2010. The reduction is the result of the global effort to eradicate the disease. In most countries, the global effort has expanded capacities to tackle other infectious diseases by building effective surveillance and immunization systems. Success hinges on financing the next steps of the global eradication initiative. The World Health Organization has played a significant role in meeting such health challenges. How does WHO accomplish its targets?
Q:
The Three Mile Island accident was a core meltdown in Unit 2 (a pressurized water reactor)of the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania near Harrisburg, United Statesin 1979. It led to large amounts of nuclear reactor coolant to escape. Which organization handles such cases and how does it ensure that they are not repeated again?
Q:
Hercules Steel Castings Company, Inc. manufactures steel castings. It does not follow the permissible limits with regard to the release of polluting gases in the air. It has also failed to report violations of pollutions control laws to the federal government. Which act does it violate and which agency would have the powers to prosecute this organization?
Q:
Oil Down is an organization which is exploring the possibility of striking oil in the outskirts of a local county. It strikes oil and transports it with the help of pipelines running through the local creek and river. One day due to some reason the oil pipeline ruptures thereby causing contamination of the local creek and river. Under which act would the organization be liable to the federal government and what would be the punishment accorded to the organization?
Q:
In the past, infant and childhood deaths and short life spans used to limit population growth. In today's world, thanks to improved nutrition, sanitation, and medical care, more babies survive their first few years of life. The combination of a continuing high birth rate and a low death rate is creating a rapid population increase in many countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa and people generally lived longer. Which organization was formed under the UN auspices to deal with the problem of population increase? What are the main functions of this organization?
Q:
Which of the following statements holds true for a patent?
A. A patent application cannot be accessed by the general public.
B. A patent expires at the end of a 20-year period.
C. A patent is subject to "first-to-invent" patent process rather than the "first-to-file" process.
D. A patent is a process used in a business and disclosed only to those employees who need to know it to do their jobs.
Q:
A _____ is a symbol, picture, image, name, device, color, or word that a business uses to distinguish itself from its competitors.
A. patent
C. royalty
trademark
A trademark is a symbol, picture, image, name, device, color, or word that a business uses to distinguish itself from its competitors.
Q:
_____ is aimed at understanding the laws of nature and the principles of the physical universe without any practical goals in mind.
A. Pure research
B. Juriscience
C. Motivation test
D. Applied research
Q:
Lashkar-e-Taiba is one of the largest and most active militant Islamist terrorist organizations in South Asia, operating mainly from Pakistan. The organization is banned as a terrorist organization by India, Pakistan, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union. Lashkar-e Taiba has attacked civilian and military targets in India, most notably the 2008 Mumbai attacks and the 2001 Indian Parliament attack. While discussing the exercise of international power by nongovernmental international organizations (NIOs), how does one categorize Lashkar-e-Taiba?
Q:
Joan Kilney had a major car accident. She continued to be fed through a surgically-implanted gastrostomy tube for a period of five years. She expressed a wish to end the prolonged agony by taking recourse to the right to die. What difficulties are generally faced by a trial court in such cases and what could be the remedy as has been envisaged by several commentators?
Q:
_____ refers to all relevant technical knowledge about the field to which the invention belongs
A. Patent watch
B. Trade secret
C. Priority right
D. Prior art
Q:
Which of the following statements holds true for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission?
A. It is responsible for regulating space vehicle reactors.
B. It is responsible for regulating nuclear weapons and military reactors.
C. It is responsible for handling, and disposal of nuclear material.
D. It operates its own reactors and power plants.
Q:
Permits issued under the Clean Water Act relate to:
A. the use of river water for agricultural purposes.
B. the use of potable water for industrial purposes.
C. the use of water by industries beyond permissible limits.
D. release of pollutants into the waterways within legal limits.
Q:
Which of the following is designed to encourage companies that ship, drill for, and store oil to develop and use the most up-to-date equipment and the most effective safety measures possible?
A. Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act
B. Toxic Substances Control Act
C. Oil Pollution Act
D. Ocean Dumping Act
Q:
Which of the following countries is a signatory of the Kyoto Protocol?
A. India
B. United States
C. United Kingdom
D. China
Q:
A _____ is a property right granted by the federal government to an inventor.
patent
C. royalty
D. trademark
A patent is a property right granted by the federal government to an inventor.
Q:
Nongovernmental international organizations that are completely dependent upon their member nations and would be unable to do anything without their support are referred to as _____ NIOs.
A. entity level
B. semi-autonomous
C. aggregate
D. trans-national
Q:
The primary job of the chief technology officer of the United States is to:
A. build an integrated technology policy especially designed to meet the needs of the national government.
B. support scientific research, to stimulate the national economy, and to safeguard national security.
C. conduct research into all aspects of human life and health and to apply that understanding to cure illnesses, to alleviate disabilities, and to lengthen human life.
D. coordinate advances in technology and engineering as they relate to the practical jobs of improving the American economy.
Q:
The National Science Foundation was created to:
A. conduct research into all aspects of human life and health and to apply that understanding to cure illnesses, to alleviate disabilities, and to lengthen human life.
B. support scientific research, to stimulate the national economy, and to safeguard national security.
C. coordinate advances in technology and engineering as they relate to the practical jobs of improving the American economy.
D. build an integrated technology policy especially designed to meet the needs of the national government.
Q:
Which of the following statements holds true for judges sitting on the national science court?
A. They are controlled and regulated by the U.S Senate.
B. They are appointed by the Chief Technology Officer.
C. They are expected to have a scientific background.
D. They are required to be the former members of the National Institute of Health.
Q:
The three issues that Robert Heilbroner thought would challenge the existence of the human race on earth are ____, the challenge of uncontrolled population growth and the destruction of the environment.
A. terrorism.
B. nuclear war.
C. incurable communicable diseases.
D. death of the sun.
Q:
The _____ is responsible for regulating the transportation and the wholesale price of natural gas and electricity sold for use in interstate commerce.
A. National Transportation Safety Board
B. Federal Trade Commission
C. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
D. Federal Communications Commission
Q:
_____ is an academic discipline that studies the natural universe with the goal of understanding the physical laws that guide the operation of the universe.
A. Philosophy
B. Law
C. Technology
D. Science
Q:
Which of the following statements holds true for the term, technology?
A. It refers to the process of developing ways to enhance human control of physical laws with the goal of extending human abilities.
B. It refers to the rules made by the government to promote order, stability, and justice.
C. It refers to the academic discipline that studies the natural universe with the goal of understanding the physical laws that guide the operation of the universe.
D. It refers to the nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and body, substance and accident, events and causation.
Q:
The _____ emerges from the Constitution of the United States.
A. state power
B. national power
C. people power
D. international power
Q:
The _____ reads that the Congress is empowered to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts.
A. necessary and proper clause
B. general welfare clause
C. commerce clause
D. supremacy clause
Q:
A licensing agreement occurs when the producer of a product allows a purchaser to use the product only if the purchaser agrees to respect the producer's desire for secrecy.
Q:
Until recently a business system was also considered unpatentable because it was not a "process, machine, manufacturer, or composition of matter."
Q:
Under the newly reinstated obvious-to-try standard, if the challenger can demonstrate that anyone of ordinary skill could see that it would have been obvious to try such an innovation, the innovation would be labeled as obvious, and the invention would not be patentable.
Q:
Dependency theory refers to an economic picture of the world which holds the developed world responsible for poverty in the underdeveloped world.
Q:
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is responsible for making certain that, on a global basis, nuclear energy is used only for peaceful purposes.
Q:
The UNEP, which has its central offices in Dhaka, was the first UN institution located in a developing nation-state.
Q:
The Copenhagen Accord actually operates outside the jurisdiction of the United Nations.
Q:
The government can interfere in the child-bearing decision of a woman if it has a compelling interest to do so.
Q:
The general welfare clause has been used over the last two centuries to give Congress the power to create a national police force and the FBI.
Q:
Police power is the state's authority to promote public health, safety, welfare, and morals.