Q&A Hero

Q: Finnis holds that the sole purpose of marriage is: a. procreation b. securing friendships between men and women c. the raising of children d. both a and b

Q: Passive undercover work consists of: a. police providing people with the opportunity to commit a crime b. police going after a particular person thought to be a criminal c. police going after a particular person by giving them the opportunity to commit a crime d. police going after a person by infiltrating a group and waiting for them engage in an illegal activity

Q: Slogobin holds that the public defense of lying is best done by:a. state legislatorsb. federal legislators c. public debated. judicial review

Q: According to Bok, lies can be publicly defended when: a. police believe the lie may be effective means of gaining information b. there are alternatives to lying but they require more effort on the part of police c. lying would produce a surfeit of benefits versus harms d. lying can never be publicly defended since lying is always wrong

Q: According to Bok, all of the following are justifications for lying EXCEPT: a. preventing harm b. producing benefit c. fairness d. protecting feelings

Q: According to Steinbock, one reason Marquis's argument fails is:a. it fails to take into account potential personsb. it fails to look at the past experiences of beings c. it allow for active euthanasiad. it fails to establish a specific moment of personhood of the fetus.

Q: According to Steinbock, only beings that fit the following criteria have moral status:a. beings that have valuable future experiences b. beings that are rationalc. beings that are sentientd. beings that can understand and follow rules

Q: According to Marquis, murder is wrong because:a. it deprives the person killed of valuable future experiences b. it deprives the family of the deceased their love onec. it makes the murderer a bad person d. everybody knows murder is wrong

Q: According to Marquis, it would be wrong to do all of the following EXCEPT:a. killing a newborn b. aborting a fetusc. killing some animalsd. killing a end-stage cancer patient

Q: Pojman's argument for the death penalty relies on a:a. utilitarian justificationb. social contract justificationc. a Kantian justificationd. a and c

Q: Pojman holds that the accidental execution of an innocent person:a. is an acceptable lossb. does not or has not actually occurredc. is never an acceptable trade-off for the possible benefits of the death penalty. d. does count against the retention of the death penalty

Q: According to Bright, prosecutorial discretion on whether to seek the death penalty results in:a. more judicious use of the death penalty b. a fairer application of the death penaltyc. less political posturing on the death penaltyd. geographic disparities on whether the death penalty is imposed

Q: According to Bright, the process leading to a death sentence is: a. fair b. impartial c. arbitrary d. well-funded

Q: All of the following are possible answers to the question of moral responsibility EXCEPT:a. Libertarianism b. Compatibilism c. Determinismd. Essential element of the social structure

Q: It is possible to judge a person's life virtuous while simultaneously:a. denying that the person is a personb. denying that person did any virtuous actsc. denying that person morally responsible for that virtuous life d. both b and c

Q: According to both libertarians and compatibilists, to be morally responsible for an act requires:a. being free to act or not actb. the act be compatible with your deep beliefs c. the act be one that is rationald. none of the above

Q: Jacob is caught by the police while stealing medication from a pharmacy. When questioned by the police Jacob takes responsibility for the crime. From his admission we can conclude that:a. Jacob is morally responsible for the crimeb. Jacob is responsible in his role as criminalc. Jacob is innocent of the crime and is being forced to confess d. a and b

Q: According to deep compatibilism, a drug addict that truly likes doing drugs is:a. deceiving themselves and not truly freeb. free because he has the will he wants to havec. neither free nor determined since drugs effect his mental ability d. none of the above

Q: According to rationalist compatibilism, to have a free will you must a. be able to choose to do whatever you desireb. choose only those things that weren"t pre-determinedc. doing the right thing for the right reason d. follow your deep values and preferences

Q: Monique holds that while many of our choices are influenced if not outright determined by forces outside our control, there is a small domain of free will that allows us to overcome these forces and choose freely. Monique is best described as a:a. fatalistb. libertarianc. compatibilist e. determinist

Q: David holds that free will is a myth and that the outcomes of our lives are pre-determined, regardless of what we do. David is best described as a:a. fatalistb. deterministc. compatibilist d. libertarian

Q: According to utilitarianism, to be due moral consideration a thing must a. be able to perform utilitarian calculationsb. be able to follow the outcomes of utilitarian calculationc. be able to experience pleasure or pain d. b and c

Q: Contemporary evolutionary science is incompatible with the view thata. there is a strict line between humans and nonhumans b. there is no strict line between humans and nonhumans c. morality was probably present in our recent ancestorsd. none of the above

Q: Tom Regan believes that animals can properly be viewed as a source of moral concern if we amend Kantian ethics to include the idea ofa. reason as an essential aspect of moral personhood b. feelings as essential to moral personhoodc. the ability to experience pleasure and paind. being capable of being the subject of a life.

Q: Gina claims that only those individuals that can know and act from the knowledge of moral rules are moral agents. Gina is best described as aa. social contract theorist b. utilitarianc. Kantiane. neo-Kantian

Q: Moral realism would fail as a theory if a. a more plausible theory was foundb. it failed in a single instance as an effective theoryc. a general agreement on moral principles is not foundd. both a and c

Q: Moral realism could be established bya. the outcome of a single experimentb. investigations carried out at the molecular level c. a paradigm shiftd. demonstrating its effectiveness as a plausible productive theory

Q: Contemporary moral realism is _________ about the existence of moral facts than traditional approaches.a. more certainb. less certainc. just as certaind. generally indifferent

Q: Moral realism is based ona. an intuitive approach to ethics b. an emotive approach to ethicsc. a scientific approach to ethicsd.an evolutionary approach to ethics

Q: Non-objectivists and objectivists may differ on how best to shape their children to be cooperative moral citizens in that a. non-objectivists would hold that we instill moral truth in children rather than teaching them to recognize moral truth b. objectivists would hold that we shape a positive moral outlook in children rather than teaching to recognize moral truth. c. non-objectivists believe we need not teach children anything since there are no objective moral values d. none of the above

Q: Internalists are those who hold a. that the motive to act morally is separate from the recognition of moral facts b. that moral facts come from an intuitive sense inside us c. that real moral facts must motivate those who recognize the fact d. that morality is internally subjective

Q: According to the emotivist a statement such as "Murder is wrong" is the same as a. don"t murder or boo murder?! b. I (the speaker) believe murder is wrong. c. murder is a violation of the categorical imperative d. murder is intuitively wrong

Q: Nonobjectivists are a. skeptics about objective moral truth b. believers in objective moral truths c. convinced there are no moral truths d. agnostic as to the existence of moral truths

Q: According to Carol Gilligan, the differences between the moral reasoning of men and women can be accounted for by a. a different approach to moral reasoning b. the superiority of male reasoning in ethics c. the lack of moral development in women d. none of the above

Q: An ethic of care emphasizes all of the following EXCEPTa. friendshipb. self-interest c. empathyd. affection

Q: An ethic of care would require that in a utilitarian calculation one should give weight to the interests of people closest to us.a. lessb. equalc. more d. no

Q: The relationship between care ethics and traditional approaches to ethics is a. Adversarial b. Complementary c. Essentially the same d. completely incompatible

Q: According to Aristotle's "Golden Mean", the virtue of bravery lies betweena. foolhardiness and cowardice b. courageous and lazinessc. melodramatic and indifferent d. none of the above

Q: According to situationist psychology, our character, character traits and our virtuesa. are the best explanation for our behaviorb. do not explain our behaviorc. explain our behavior only when combined with the situation in which we find ourselves d. only partially determine our behavior

Q: Virtue theorists hold that one becomes virtuous bya. determining which actions are moral according to the categorical imperative and then habitually doing those things.b. doing those actions which are most beneficial to societyc. doing those actions that the virtuous person would perform if they were in the same situation. d. none of the above

Q: Virtue ethics is different from other ethical approaches in that it a. emphasizes rules over other moral concernsb. emphasizes outcomes as opposed to dutiesc. emphasizes self-interest over all other concernsd. emphasizes character over all other moral concerns

Q: Gauthier believes that social contract can be based on a. altruism and self-interestb. altruism alonec. self-interest aloned. pity and self-interest

Q: Rawls's "veil of ignorance" excludes knowledge of all of the following EXCEPTa. physical characteristics b. intelligencec. aesthetic preferencesd. desire to live and prosper

Q: According to Hobbes, the state of nature is a. a state of general cooperationb. a scientific description of the environmentc. a state of war of all against all d. none of the above

Q: Travis holds that moral obligations always override other non-moral values. Travis would best be described as aa. nihilistb. moral saint c. narcissistd. pluralist

Q: Emerson believes that moral theorizing ought to be scientific and is therefore an advocate of experimenting with various moral systems to see which works best. Emerson is best described as aa. pluralist b. monist c. scientistd. pragmatist

Q: Although Maggie believes that her religion is the only true religion, she does not believe that the state should impose that faith on others through things like prayer in the public schools. Maggie is best described asa. a value pluralist and political monist b. both a value and political monistc. a value monist and a political pluralist d. a value pluralist and a political pluralist

Q: The view that there is one fundamental overriding moral value or good is known as ethical a. pluralismb. monismc. pragmatismd. summum bonum

Q: The determination of whether one pleasure is more valuable than another, is/was a. settled by Mill in the minds of most utilitarians.b. still debated by contemporary utilitarians. c. an issue Bentham took no stand on.d. not an issue that concerns contemporary utilitarians.

Q: According to the utilitarian the right action is the one that produces the greatest happiness fora. oneself.b. those we care about the most.c. the greatest amount of happiness for feeling thingsd. those we have a duty to make happy.

Q: Utilitarianism is best described as an a. egoistic theory. b. deontological theory. c.teleological theory. d. relativistic theory.

Q: According to a utilitarian the preference I express by choosing to go to see the Cleveland Orchestra over going to a sports bar to watch a Cleveland Brown's game indicates that I value:a. Quantitative pleasures over aesthetic pleasureb. Qualitative pleasures over quantitative pleasure c. Quantitative pleasure over qualitative pleasured. Good judgment since the Brown's are not a very good team.

Q: Based on Kant's emphasis on reason, morality would apply to all of the following EXCEPTa. normal adultsb. children and the mentally challenged c. sentient being from another planetd. individuals from different cultures than ours

Q: According to Kant, if we want to know whether a given action is moral we should ask ourselves if a. the action has good consequencesb. that action is such that we could make it a rule that everyone should follow c. it results in my being better off, regardless of how others are affectedd. I feel the action is the morally correct one given the situation

Q: According to Kant, nothing can be called intrinsically good except a. right actionb. good consequences c. happinessd. a good will

Q: Tania is approached by an individual on the street who asks for a dollar. Tania, out of sympathy, gives the individual the money. On Kant's view, Tania's action isa. immoral since she does not know what will be done with the moneyb. moral since the individual is now better off than before the money was givenc. morally neutral since it was done for the wrong reason d. immoral since it was not done from a sense of duty

Q: Jim's seven year old daughter brings home an art project and excitedly shows her father. According toKant, when his daughter asks whether Jim likes what is clearly the ugliest art project ever Jim should a. lie and tell his daughter what a great artist she isb. avoid the question an offer to buy her ice-creamc. tell her the truth about the projectd. avoid having more children so he doesn"t fact these types of moral dilemmas

Q: The "spectator's perspective" isa. the best seat at a sporting eventb. an impartial perspective on a moral issuec. the view the majority of people have on a moral issued. the perspective we have once we have reflected on a moral issue

Q: Moral sense theorists hold that moral judgments are in many respects similar toa. aesthetic judgmentsb. scientific determinations c. legal judgmentsd. judgments based on our senses

Q: One of the lessons gained from the Huckleberry Finn example is a. social rules are usually morally correctb. we should feel guilty when going against social rulesc. feelings or intuitions can be a source of moral guidanced. always wear a life preserver when traveling on the Mississippi

Q: Steve holds the view that everyone ought to assist him in satisfying his goals and desires. Steve is best categorized as a (n)a. individual egoist b. universal relativist c. universal egoistd. psychological egoist

Q: The claim that psychological egoism is irrefutable as theory of human behavior makes the theory a. stronger since no counter argument can be givenb. weaker because it does not pass the fallibility test c. empirically verifiabled. a necessary basis for ethical egoism

Q: The difference between psychological egoism and ethical egoism is:a. ethical egoism says we are naturally egoistic, and psychological egoism says we should act egoistically.b. the two theories are essentially the same.c. psychological egoism holds that we are egoistic by nature, while ethical egoism states that we ought to be egoistic.d. ethical egoism is a psychological theory that states that we are naturally ethical, while psychological egoism tells us that we ought to adjust our psychology and act egoistically.

Q: One implication of accepting the premise that what is moral is moral in virtue of God's commanding it is that a. there must be a moral standard independent of Godb. there must be one Godc. what is moral is arbitraryd. God is not a necessary for there to be morality

Q: "President Obama's arguments for a public option to be included in the health care reform bill can"t possibly be good. After all, he has all of his medical needs taken care of by a private doctor". This argument commits which of the following fallacies:a. ad hominem fallacy b. strawman fallacyc. red herringd. fallacy of irrelevant reason

Q: Religion is best described as a source of___________ in ethics a. moral justification b. contention c. moral motivation d. moral reasoning

Q: Misrepresenting or distorting the argument of one's opponent in order to make it easier to attack is called a (an):a. ad hominem fallacyb. strawman fallacy c. red herringd.fallacy of irrelevant reason

Q: Darwinian theory and sentimentalism are a. incompatible theoriesb. contradictory theories c. contrary theoriesd. compatible theories

Q: According to the cultural relativist, a group that practices cannibalism is a. morally inferior to our ownb. morally superior to our ownc. neither morally inferior nor morally superior d. really hungry

Q: ____ can serve as a test vehicle for companies exploring the potential benefits of data warehouses.a. Data networks b. Data marts c. Data cubesd. OLAPs

Q: Data ____ implies that all business entities, data elements, data characteristics, and business metrics are described in the same way throughout the enterprise.a. volatility b. time-variation c. subject-orientationd. integration

Q: In 2008, Wal-Mart, the world's largest company, had over four ____ of data in its data warehouses.a. megabytes b. gigabytes c. terabytesd. petabytes

Q: A characteristic of operational data is ____.a. summarized data b. hundreds of gigabytes c. high normalizationd. historic data

Q: A characteristic of decision support data is ____.a. high query activity b. high update volumes c. highly normalizedd. low aggregation level

Q: From the data analyst's point of view, decision support data differ from operational data in three main areas: time span, granularity, and ____.a. usability b. dimensionality c. transaction processingd. sparsity

Q: ____ systems provided no data extraction/integration process. a. Third-generation Mobile BI and cloud-based b. First-generation BI c. First-generation departmental decision support d. Traditional mainframe-based online transaction processing

Q: Had ____ been as pivotal to business operations a few years back, crises precipitated by the likes of Enron, WorldCom, and Arthur Andersen might have been avoided.a. OLAP b. data mining c. governanced. networking

Q: BusinessObjects is a(n) ____ tool.a. OLAP b. data visualization c. data miningd. data warehouse

Q: Data is captured from the OLTP system and placed on the ____ on a near-real time basis.a. decision support system b. portal c. data warehoused. dashboard

Q: ____provide a unified, single point of entry for information distribution.a. Decision support systems b. Portals c. Data warehousesd. Dashboards