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Q:
Which of the following cultures has the strongest correlation with subjective innovation?
A. Adhocracy culture
B. Hierarchy culture
C. Market culture
D. Role culture
E. Clan culture
Q:
Which of the following attributes have been identified as some of the worst behaviors exhibited by coworkers? (Check all that apply) __ Complaining about anything and everything. __ Not getting the job done, even with help. __ Resisting even beneficial change. __ Being first to arrive and last to leave. __ Adapting to change. .
Q:
Southstar, Inc. manufactures high-quality widgets. The widgets have to be built exactly according to the specifications provided. This requires the use of controlled processes and precise measurements. The company also needs to maintain high efficiency in its production process in order to meet the market demand. For this company, stability is more important than flexibility. Which of the organizational cultures is best suited for Southstar?
A. Adhocracy culture
B. Clan culture
C. Modern culture
D. Hierarchy culture
E. Market culture
Q:
(p. 21) What is meta-analysis?
Q:
Which of the following organizational cultures values stability, and focuses on achieving effectiveness with measures of timeliness, efficiency, and safety?
A. Market culture
B. Entrepreneurial culture
C. Clan culture
D. Adhocracy culture
E. Hierarchy culture
Q:
(p. 19) Briefly explain correlation.
Q:
A(n) _____ culture leads to the development of reliable internal processes, extensive measurement, and the implementation of a variety of control.
A. hierarchy
B. adhocracy
C. power
D. clan
E. market
Q:
(p. 18-19) Explain the scientific method and its impact on Organizational Behavior.
Q:
Nostra, Inc. is a company that develops video games. The company's primary vision is innovation and quick adaptation to the changing environment of the gaming industry. The CEO of the company values creativity and frequently urges her employees to think outside-the-box in order come up with the next big idea. Which of the following best describes Nostra's organizational culture?
A. Adhocracy
B. Clan
C. Role
D. Market
E. Hierarchy
Q:
(p. 16) Briefly describe the four different ways of knowing things. Which way do you believe provides the soundest explanation and most compelling support?
Q:
_____ cultures value stability and have an internal focus.
A. Clan
B. Adhocracy
C. Hierarchy
D. Market
E. Communal
Q:
(p. 15) Explain the Rule of One-Eighth.
Q:
_____ cultures value stability and have an external focus.
A. Clan
B. Adhocracy
C. Hierarchy
D. Market
E. Communal
Q:
(p. 11-12) Using the resource-based view of the organization, explain how people are a valuable resource. Provide an example to justify your answer.
Q:
_____ cultures value flexibility and have an external focus.
A. Clan
B. Adhocracy
C. Hierarchy
D. Market
E. Communal
Q:
(p. 09) Briefly explain the importance of group mechanisms that feature in the integrative model of organizational behavior.
Q:
_____ cultures value flexibility and have an internal focus.
A. Clan
B. Adhocracy
C. Hierarchy
D. Market
E. Communal
Q:
(p. 09) Briefly explain the importance of individual mechanisms that feature in the integrative model of organizational behavior.
Q:
Dilton's Movers is a company that ships goods and cargo to all locations in the United States. The employees understand that the company's primary vision of timeliness, efficiency and low-cost services is important to maintain the competitive edge over other movers in the business. They constantly work to ensure that all deliveries reach their destinations on schedule, and the company, in turn, rewards the employees with performance-based awards and profit sharing. Which function of organizational culture is exemplified here?
A. Give members an organizational identity
B. Facilitate collective commitment
C. Promote social system stability
D. Shape behavior by helping members make sense of their surroundings
E. Increase the likelihood of shared feelings and emotions
Q:
(p. 09) Identify the key individual outcomes in the studies of organizational behavior and describe the factors that affect these key outcomes.
Q:
List out the eight generic action options identified by R Roosevelt Thomas Jr.
Q:
(p. 07) Define organizational behavior (OB). How does it differ from human resource management?
Q:
Briefly describe the common barriers to implementing successful diversity programs.
Q:
(p. 21) Which of the following argues that scientific findings should form the foundation for management education?
A. Traditional Management
B. Evidence-based management
C. Resource-based view
D. Contingency approach
E. Management by objectives
Q:
Based on your knowledge of the process model of diversity, what steps would you take as a manager to reduce potential negative effects of diversity?Explain how the steps would reduce potential negative effects of diversity.
Q:
Tran is interested in the effects of the choice of reward on employee motivation. She knows that there have been several studies done on this subject and compares their results looking for an average correlation. Tran is conducting a ______.
A. meta-analysis
B. mediocre analysis
C. medial analysis
D. remedial analysis
E. moderated analysis
Q:
Mention the initiatives that can help to keep older workers engaged and committed to working.
Q:
(p. 21) Which of these takes all the correlations found in studies of a particular relationship and calculates a weighted average of them?
A. Alpha analysis
B. Gamma analysis
C. Meta-analysis
D. Causal analysis
E. Beta analysis
Q:
Explain the differences between affirmative action and managing diversity. Be specific in your answer.
Q:
(p. 20) Which of the following conditions is necessary to establish causal inferences?
A. The study was conducted in an open environment.
B. No alternative explanation exists for the correlation.
C. The presumed effect precedes the presumed cause in time.
D. The two variables are not correlated.
E. The sample size is large enough.
Q:
Distinguish between the various layers of diversity, giving at least three examples of each of the layers.
Q:
(p. 20) Which of these is one of the conditions necessary to establish causal inferences?
A. The two variables are not correlated.
B. Multiple alternative explanations exist for the correlation.
C. The presumed cause precedes the presumed effect in time.
D. The study was conducted in an open environment.
E. The sample size is large enough.
Q:
Differences are squelched or discouraged when using the approach of _____.A. suppressionB. denialC. tolerationD. assimilationE. isolation
Q:
The basic premise behind _____ is that all diverse people will learn to fit in or become like the dominant group.
A. toleration
B. denial
C. suppression
D. assimilation
E. isolation
Q:
(p. 20) Which of these is one of the conditions necessary to establish causal inferences?
A. The presumed cause succeeds the presumed effect in time.
B. Multiple alternative explanations exist for the correlation.
C. Factors other than the variables in question could create causation.
D. The two variables are correlated.
E. The sample size is large enough.
Q:
Which of the following responses was identified by R Roosevelt Thomas Jr for handling any diversity issue?
A. Suppress
B. Accept
C. Tolerate
D. Convert
E. Educate
Q:
(p. 20) Which of the following explains the term causal inferences?
A. Proving that two variables are correlated.
B. Making sure the sample size is adequate enough.
C. Explaining why one variable is not correlated to another.
D. Analyzing a situation and understanding what went wrong.
E. Establishing that one variable really does cause another.
Q:
Which of the following responses identified by R Roosevelt Thomas Jr is an outgrowth of affirmative action programs?
A. Suppress
B. Include/Exclude
C. Tolerate
D. Convert
E. Educate
Q:
(p. 20) In organizational behavior research, a correlation of +1 between two variables is considered:
A. weak.
B. to be an absence of relationship.
C. arbitrary.
D. irrelevant.
E. perfect.
Q:
_____ is a barrier to implementing successful diversity programs that particularly affects women.
A. Fear of reverse discrimination
B. Lack of political savvy
C. Poor career planning
D. Resistance to change
E. Difficulty in balancing career and family issues
Q:
(p. 19) Correlation can be positive or negative and can range from _____.
A. -1 to +1
B. -2 to +2
C. 0 to +100
D. -10 to 0
E. -100 to +100
Q:
Which of the following barriers manifests itself in the belief that differences are viewed as weaknesses?
A. Inaccurate stereotypes and prejudice
B. Ethnocentrism
C. Poor career planning
D. Negative diversity climate
E. Lack of political savvy on the part of diverse employees
Q:
(p. 19) _______ summarize the statistical relationships between variables.
A. Datasets
B. Correlations
C. Observations
D. Collections
E. Consolidations
Q:
_____ is the feeling that one's cultural rules and norms are superior or more appropriate than the rules and norms of another culture.
A. Ethnicity
B. Ethnography
C. Ego
D. Ethnocentrism
E. Egotism
Q:
(p. 19) Which of the following correlations indicate a perfect statistical relationship between two variables?
A. 1
B. -1
C. 0
D. 100
E. -100
Q:
(p. 19) Which of the following correlations indicate no statistical relationship between two variables?
A. 1
B. -1
C. 0
D. 100
E. -100
Q:
A(n) _____ is defined as "hypothetical dividing lines that may split a group into subgroups based on one or more attributes."
A. glass ceiling
B. diversity climate
C. demographic fault line
D. diverse perspective
E. labyrinth scheme
Q:
(p. 18) _______ are written predictions that specify relations between variables.
A. Hypotheses
B. Verifications
C. Theories
D. Data
E. Collections
Q:
Which of the following is highlighted by the information/decision-making theory?
A. Diverse groups are expected to do a better job in later phases of problem solving.
B. Diverse perspectives help to uncover novel alternatives during problem-solving activities.
C. Brainstorming is not successful when there are diverse perspectives.
D. Diverse groups generate a less comprehensive view of a problem.
E. Homogeneity enhances the number of contacts a group or work unit has at its disposal.
Q:
(p. 18) The scientific method requires that theories be used to inspire _____.
A. auditing
B. hypotheses
C. experience
D. verification
E. intuition
Q:
Which of the following proposes that diverse work groups lead to better task relevant processes and decision making?
A. Social categorization theory
B. Workforce demographics
C. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
D. Organizational socialization theory
E. Information/Decision-making theory
Q:
In the 1960s, a popular ad stated that "Blondes have more fun!" This is an example of ______.
A. a positive correlation
B. negative causation
C. data
D. verification
E. a proven fact
Q:
According to the information/decision-making theory:
A. female employees face the glass ceiling to a greater extent than do minority employees.
B. minority employees face the glass ceiling to a greater extent than do female employees.
C. homogeneous work groups will outperform heterogeneous work groups.
D. heterogeneous work groups will outperform homogeneous work groups.
E. gender and racial diversity lead to negative outcomes.
Q:
(p. 18) The scientific method begins with _____.
A. auditing
B. hypotheses
C. theory
D. verification
E. paradigm
Q:
According to the social categorization theory:
A. female employees face the glass ceiling to a greater extent than minority employees.
B. minority employees face the glass ceiling to a greater extent than female employees.
C. homogeneous work groups will outperform heterogeneous work groups.
D. heterogeneous work groups will outperform homogeneous work groups.
E. organizations should manage gender-related diversity in order to attract qualified women.
Q:
(p. 18) _____ is defined as a collection of assertions that specify how and why variables are related, as well as the conditions in which they should and should not be related.
A. Hypothesis
B. Information
C. Paradigm
D. Data
E. Theory
Q:
According to the ____, the similarity found in homogeneous groups leads to liking and attraction among group members, thereby leading to numerous positive organizational outcomes.
A. social categorization theory
B. Attraction-Selection-Attrition theory
C. hierarchy of needs theory
D. organizational socialization theory
E. information/decision-making theory
Q:
(p. 18) Who is considered to be the originator of the scientific method?
A. Jeffery Pfeffer
B. Frederick Taylor
C. Charles Darwin
D. Sir Francis Bacon
E. Adam Smith
Q:
(p. 16) Donna believes that 360 degree performance review is ideal for her company because she recently read about a major survey of Fortune 100 companies that highlighted the effectiveness of this method. Which of the following philosophies is she relying on?
A. Method of intuition
B. Method of performance
C. Method of behavior
D. Method of reliability
E. Method of science
Q:
Which of the following initiatives should be taken to manage age-related diversity?
A. Encourage employees to participate in skills-based volunteering projects
B. Conduct on-the-job remedial skills training
C. Provide frequent recognition for skills and wisdom gained over the years
D. Hold literacy training sessions
E. Provide simple work assignments
Q:
Which of the following would be an effect of growing mismatches between the amount of education needed to perform current jobs and the amount of education possessed by members of the workforce?A. An increase in work motivation among college graduatesB. An excessive number of people with teamwork skillsC. A decrease in absenteeism and turnover among well-educated workersD. A shortage of qualified people in technical fieldsE. Elimination of the need for job redesign
Q:
(p. 16) Choose the method which suggests that people accept some belief because scientific studies have tended to replicate that result using a series of samples, settings, and methods?
A. Method of intuition
B. Method of authority
C. Method of science
D. Method of experience
E. Method of behavior
Q:
(p. 16) Frank, an HR manager, believes that his implementation of HR practices in the company is impeccable, because he received the inputs for these practices from the CEO himself. Which of the following philosophies is he relying on?
A. Method of intuition
B. Method of behavior
C. Method of science
D. Method of experience
E. Method of authority
Q:
_____ are said to be entitled, civic minded, and have close parental involvement.A. TraditionalistsB. Baby boomersC. Gen XersD. Gen 2020 membersE. Millennials
Q:
Which of the following groups of people have traits such as workaholism, idealism, and work ethics?A. TraditionalistsB. Baby boomersC. Gen XersD. MillennialsE. Gen Ys
Q:
(p. 16) Of the following methods, which suggests that people hold firmly to some belief because some respected official, agency, or source has said it is so?
A. Method of intuition
B. Method of authority
C. Method of science
D. Method of experience
E. Method of behavior
Q:
Which of the following is true with respect to educational attainment and occupational requirements?
A. The need for on-the-job remedial training is decreasing in America.
B. Underemployment is expected to decrease in the future.
C. A surplus of qualified entry-level workers is expected in America.
D. American companies are more likely to hire more immigrants to fill entry-level positions.
E. Underemployment should lead to a decrease in absenteeism.
Q:
(p. 16) Which of the following suggests that people hold firmly to some belief because it "just stands to reason"it seems obvious or self-evident?
A. Method of intuition
B. Method of authority
C. Method of science
D. Method of experience
E. Method of behavior
Q:
Which of the following would reduce a mismatch between educational attainment and occupational requirements?
A. Spend less money on employee training.
B. Use phased retirement programs that encourage unskilled employees to work beyond retirement age.
C. Outsource technical work to other countries with a highly skilled population.
D. Hire fewer immigrants to fill entry-level positions.
E. Adopt a system of decentralization in the organization.
Q:
(p. 16) Which of the following methods suggests that people hold firmly to some belief because it is consistent with their own experience and observations?
A. Method of intuition
B. Method of authority
C. Method of science
D. Method of experience
E. Method of behavior
Q:
Which of the following would reduce a mismatch between educational attainment and occupational requirements?
A. Hire college graduates who are poor at critical thinking but highly competent technically.
B. Apply self-managerial techniques in the organization.
C. Hire high-school graduates working in entry-level positions.
D. Hire college graduates with critical thinking and analytic reasoning.
E. Adopt a system of decentralization in the organization.
Q:
Which of the following is not one of the methods by which people "know" things?
A. Method of education
B. Method of experience
C. Method of intuition
D. Method of authority
E. Methods of science
Q:
Which of the following statements racial groups is true?
A. Minorities tend to earn less personal income than whites.
B. Asians have the lowest median income.
C. Minorities experience more psychological support than whites.
D. Minorities experience less perceived discrimination.
E. Minorities do not suffer subordination.
Q:
(p. 15) According to the Rule of One-Eighth,
A. at least 88 percent of organizations will do everything necessary to put people first and thereby build profits.
B. at best 12 percent of organizations will actually do what is required to build profits by putting people first.
C. 75 percent of organizations won't believe the connection between how they manage their people and the profits they earn.
D. 38 percent of the organizations try to make a single change to solve their problems.
E. one in eight organizations miserably fails at making the people to profit connection.
Q:
Ruth had a job in a marketing firm, that did not have any profit-loss-responsibility and that had poor visibility, power, and influence. This implies that Ruth was experiencing the difficulties of a(n) _____.
A. affirmative action
B. EEO regulations
C. revolving door
D. glass ceiling
E. invisible step
Q:
(p. 13) Culture, trust, teamwork, and reputation are termed "_____" because it's not always clear how they came to develop, though it is clear which organizations do possess them.
A. socially complex
B. vague
C. natural structures
D. evidence-based resources
E. associative structures
Q:
Sally had been working in a financial company for five years. She executed her duties sincerely and was extremely competent in her job. However, she was not given the opportunity to advance to higher-level positions. Which of the following was Sally facing?
A. Affirmative action
B. EEO regulations
C. Glass ceiling
D. Revolving door
E. Invisible step
Q:
(p. 13) Culture, teamwork, trust, and reputation are examples of _____.
A. socially complex resources
B. easy-to-develop resources
C. natural structures
D. evidence-based resources
E. associative structures
Q:
Which of the following is a result of having glass ceilings?
A. Women find themselves in lower-level jobs.
B. Women find themselves in jobs that have profit-and-loss responsibility.
C. Women tend to have more visibility in their jobs.
D. Women tend to have higher power in their organizations.
E. Women tend to be more influential in their organizations.
Q:
(p. 11) The resource-based view of organizations suggests that a resource is more valuable when it is _____.
A. complex
B. simple
C. inimitable
D. expensive
E. new