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Q:
Fact-finding is a semi-judicial process in which all parties provide information to a neutral that allows the parties to reach a speedy resolution.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A mediator who holds separate meetings with management and union officials risks having his neutrality suspected by either side.
a. True
b. False
Q:
An employee may resign from the union during a strike, cross picket lines, and be protected under the Taft-Hartley Act, but the union may impose a one-time fine for crossing the union's picket line.
a. True
b. False
Q:
If not permanently replaced, an economic striker has a right to be reinstated to his or her job at any time during a strike after making an unconditional request for reinstatement to the employer.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Conventional interest arbitration has been criticized because arbitrators have been accused of "splitting the difference."
a. True
b. False
Q:
Interest arbitration, unlike mediation and fact finding, results in a final and binding decision.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A locked-out employees voluntary acceptance of the employers proposed terms and condition of employment in order to return to work is called an unconditional request for reinstatement.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The use of strike replacements (particularly permanent replacements) during an economic strike reduces the tensions between the parties and often shortens the length of a strike.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The right to strike is one of the rights guaranteed under the Labor Management Relations Act.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Med-arb and final-offer total package arbitration are similar in that the arbitrator does not make up his own contract but picks one of those that has been negotiated.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Mediation is the most commonly used third-party interest dispute resolution procedure
a. True
b. False
Q:
In most cases, a wildcat strike occurs in violation of an existing no-strike clause in a labor agreement.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Work stoppage involves an economic dispute or is caused by the commission of an employers unfair labor practice
a. True
b. False
Q:
Management may not call a strike, but it may invoke certain practices that will cause a strike, because a strike sometimes works to its advantage, such as when inventories are high and customer demand is low.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Some researchers have attributed the decline in the frequency of union strikes to their declining effectiveness as a means of placing economic pressure on an employer.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Supreme Court ruling which requires management to bargain over the decision to unilaterally replace bargaining unit members with subcontractors to do essentially the same work under similar conditions is the:
a. Americans with Disabilities Act.
b. Reasonable Accommodations Ruling.
c. Fibreboard Ruling.
d. Fair Job Security Ruling.
e. Seniority Preservation Act.
Q:
The environment where two or more employees share a job by dividing the standard total number of hours for the job between them is called:
a. Job sharing.
b. Job rationing.
c. Job security.
d. Job posting.
e. Job flexing.
Q:
A new employment contract that shifts the risk and uncertainty of employment to each employee, who is responsible for ensuring that his or her skills and abilities stay current with available job requirements is called a:
a. Contingency contract.
b. Social contract.
c. Job security contract.
d. Psychological contract.
e. Advancement contract.
Q:
A group of 5 to 12 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs and produce an entire product with a minimal amount of supervision is called a:
a. Self-managed work team.
b. Self-directed work teams.
c. Semi-autonomous work team.
d. Worker participation team.
e. Production Team.
Q:
The reduction in the responsibility or skill level required performing some jobs resulting in lower employee compensation and less job security is called:
a. Bumping rights.
b. Outsourcing.
c. Offshoring.
d. Deskilling.
e. Seniority.
Q:
Payment for unnecessary tasks, unneeded employees, and workers duplicating the work of others are examples of:
a. Subcontracting.
b. Outsourcing.
c. Featherbedding.
d. Hot cargo.
e. Outsourcing with subcontracting.
Q:
An exception to some labor agreements which require that bargaining unit work be performed only by bargaining unit employees which includes the introduction of a new technique, method, or procedure to do the work is called:
a. Instructional situation.
b. Emergency situation.
c. Intra-company work.
d. Technological work.
e. Experimental work.
Q:
The emergence of new biological, ergonomic, and chemical hazards in the workplace (e.g., AIDS, cumulative trauma); rising health care treatment costs and greater awareness of the benefits of preventive health care gave rise to the passage of the:
a. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA).
b. South Pacific Tuna Act.
c. Protecting Americas Workers Act (PAW).
d. American with Disabilities Act (ADA).
e. Work Preservation Act.
Q:
An alternative work schedule which consists of four 10-hour work days with three days off each week is called a:
a. Self-managed work schedule.
b. Flextime work schedule.
c. Compressed work week.
d. Limited work week.
e. Operative work week.
Q:
An employee may be less likely to challenge a decision to be laid off depending on how s/he was treated. This is called:
a. Distributive justice.
b. Informational justice.
c. Interpersonal justice.
d. Procedural justice.
e. Fairness justice.
Q:
Jurisdictional disputes can occur when:
a. Court decisions are appealed to a higher court.
b. Employees work for more than one employer.
c. State regulations are contradicted by federal regulations.
d. Two or more unions claim jurisdiction over specific work assignments.
e. Court decisions are appealed to a higher court and state regulations are contradicted by federal regulations.
Q:
Which of the following safety and health standards are applied by the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) across all industries?
a. Employees have the right to refuse any job assignment where there is a potential for injury.
b. Employers are required to grant employees access to the employees medical records maintained by the employer or any records concerning the employees exposure to toxic substances.
c. Employees must be reimbursed for any purchase they make of protective equipment.
d. Employees must maintain an injury/illness log to record the occurrence of off-the-job injuries.
e. All employers require a search warrant to enter their establishments and conduct inspections.
Q:
The work restructuring program of assigning specific tasks to each employee where 5 to 12 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs and produce an entire product with little supervision is called:
a. Self-managed work team.
b. Semi-autonomous work team.
c. Multi-level managerial tier.
d. Production team.
e. Lead-work team.
Q:
Which one of the following statements is NOT true concerning work restructuring programs?
a. Employees often demonstrate greatly increased outputs of energy and creativity.
b. Reduces the need for multilevel managerial tiers of authority.
c. Increases employees feelings of dignity and self-worth.
d. Reduces company profits.
e. Increases levels of employee stress in some cases.
Q:
The following is NOT an issue affecting job security covered by negotiated work rules:
a. Reducing crew size.
b. More job titles in each job classification.
c. Job assignment.
d. Advance notice of shutdown.
e. Increasing crew size.
Q:
The primary purpose for granting superseniority to highly skilled technical employees and union officials directly involved in contract negotiation or grievance handling is:
a. To be the last ones to be laid off.
b. To assure preferential treatment in promotions.
c. To increase their job satisfaction.
d. To guarantee pay for time spent handling union business during working hours.
e. To provide them an incentive for cooperating with management.
Q:
Under the ADA provisions, what must an employer do in order to allow persons with disabilities to perform the essential functions of a job?
a. Install wheelchair ramps.
b. Install Braille signs.
c. Provide transportation for the person.
d. Make reasonable accommodations.
e. Make mandated accommodations.
Q:
What has the increasing level of organizational instability resulting from rightsizing, outsourcing, mergers, and increased global competition done to employers?Decreased importance of seniority clauses.
a. Weakened employees commitment to the unions.
b. Strengthened employees commitment to employers.
c. Weakened employers commitment to seniority.
d. Making seniority easier to attain.
e. Decreased importance of seniority clauses.
Q:
Which of the following issues is NOT covered by seniority provisions found in most labor agreements?
a. Seniority accrual.
b. Sick leave.
c. Loss of seniority due to layoffs.
d. Loss of seniority due to conviction of a felony.
e. Types of decisions seniority will be used in.
Q:
The most common occupational safety and health clause appearing in labor agreements is:
a. Provision for protective clothing.
b. First aid and medical facilities.
c. Procedures for refusing to perform hazardous work.
d. A pledge of cooperation on safety and health issues.
e. Reporting of safety and health needs
Q:
Which federal agency is authorized under the LMRA to resolve jurisdictional disputes?
a. Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
b. National Labor Relations Board
c. National Mediation Board
d. National Joint Board
e. Department of Labor
Q:
One method employers use to evaluate employee performance, increase productivity and prevent theft is called:
a. Electronic punch clocks.
b. Privacy interference.
c. American Management Association.
d. Deskilling.
e. Electronic monitoring.
Q:
The procurement process that usually occurs when a firm determines that it cannot perform all the tasks that are necessary to operate its business successfully is called:
a. Subcontracting.
b. Outsourcing.
c. Strategic partnership.
d. Strategic alliance.
e. Strategic partnership and alliance.
Q:
The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act requires employers of 100 or more employees to provide ________ of advance notice to workers of a plant closing or major layoff.
a. 30 days
b. 7 days
c. 60 days
d. 6 weeks
e. 6 months
Q:
The practice of unreasonable limits to work performed in a given period, paying for unneeded employees, or duplicating completed jobs is called:
a. Reasonable accommodations.
b. Superseniority.
c. Seniority.
d. Interpersonal justice.
e. Featherbedding.
Q:
Self-managed work teams may include 5 to 12 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs and produce an entire product with a minimal amount of supervision.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Informational justice is a manner in which information is used and which explanations are offered to employees that have been laid off.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Job sharing is where two or more employees share a job by dividing the standard total number of hours for the job between them.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Experimental work includes keeping the old techniques, methods, or procedures for doing work.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The NLRB has ruled that bargaining over the wage, hour, and working condition consequences of effects bargaining is mandatory for decisions such as facility closures and technological decisions.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Some employers use flexible work schedules as a hiring incentive to attract applicants in occupations with a current labor shortage.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Management has a right to determine work schedules unless restricted by negotiated language in the labor agreement.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Bargaining unit work must be performed only by bargaining unit employees in an emergency situation such as tornado, fire, or power failure.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Offshoring is a term used to refer to the movement of work from a company location within the U.S. to locations outside of the U.S.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Subcontracting and outsourcing processes can be volatile and complicate collective bargaining issues so they rarely appear in labor agreements.
a. True
b. False
Q:
To cut costs, auto manufacturers have expanded outsourcing of certain parts production and introduced less labor-intensive production methods.
a. True
b. False
Q:
If highly skilled technical employees or union officials are granted superseniority, they will be the last individuals laid off in their seniority unit.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Seniority may be used to determine benefit rights such as vacation entitlement or scheduling.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Layoff provisions in the majority of union contracts consider seniority is the primary or most important factor in retaining employees during layoffs.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The type of seniority rights used to determine eligibility for vacations, pensions, and holidays is called job rights seniority.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988 (WARN) was a response to data that showed large numbers of employers either shut down or initiated layoffs while giving employees or community leaders less than 14 days advance notice or no notice at all.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Featherbedding is the term given to job security rules when they are carried to extremes.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Technological progress in the U.S. has resulted in higher productivity, the elimination of many menial and dangerous jobs, higher wages, shorter hours, and a higher standard of living.
a. True
b. False
Q:
One reason some unions do not readily accept new technology is that management and employees still have mistrust for one another.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Automation refers to changes in the production process that result from the introduction of laborsaving machinery and changes in material handling and work flow.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is responsible for administering the Occupational Safety and Health Act).
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Occupational Safety and Health Act was passed because few labor agreements contained any contract language relating to the maintenance of a safe and healthy work environment.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Unionized firms provide a lesser percentage of training hours through formal, structured programs than nonunion firms.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Superseniority is a term which means that highly skilled technical employees or union officials directly involved in contract negotiations or grievance handling will be the first ones laid off.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Effects bargaining is the bargaining over the wage, hour, and working condition consequences of managerial decisions which is mandatory for decisions such as facility closures and technological decisions.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Contract language that specifies a newly hired employee will be paid less than other employees performing a similar job is referred to as a:
a. Skill pay differential.
b. Two-tier Wage plan.
c. Wage standard.
d. Wage comparability.
e. Scanlon plan.
Q:
The plan which bases compensation on the skills or knowledge an employee possesses and is valued by the employer is called the:
a. Scanlon plan.
b. Improshare plan.
c. Skill-base pay plan.
d. Rucker plan.
e. Production plan.
Q:
The plan based on a change in the ratio between labor costs and dollar value added is called the:
a. Scanlon plan.
b. Improshare plan.
c. Skill-base pay plan.
d. Rucker plan.
e. Production plan.
Q:
The expected employee output that is consistent with workmanship quality, operational efficiency, and reasonable working capacities of normal operators is called:
a. Production standards.
b. Performance assessment.
c. Negotiated provisions.
d. Time studies.
e. Job analysis.
Q:
The process of systematically securing information and facts about what employees do in various jobs is called:
a. Job description.
b. Job specification.
c. Job analysis.
d. Job factor.
e. Job classification.
Q:
The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 provide eligible employees up to ____ weeks of unpaid leave for a serious illness, birth or adoption of a child, or care of a seriously ill child, spouse, or parent.
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 10
e. 12
Q:
In 2014, ___ percent of private-sector union members participated in some type of employer- or union-sponsored pension plan compared to 45 percent of nonunion employees.
a. 18
b. 25
c. 63
d. 83
e. 93
Q:
The following preliminary conclusions may be reported based on a research on the effects of ESOPs except:
a. Labormanagement cooperation does not emerge automatically when publicly traded companies move into employee ownership.
b. Employee ownership leads to greater identification of the employees with the company.
c. The presence of an ESOP does not make a firm more productive, efficient, or profitable.
d. Employees receive less information about the company.
e. Generally, the role of the union does not change except when the union made an early and ongoing effort to become involved in the change process.
Q:
The clause written into collective bargaining agreements which seeks to maintain pay comparability and pay differentials within firms is called the:
a. Ability to pay clause.
b. Relevant contract clause.
c. Re-opener clause.
d. Nondiscrimination clause.
e. Me-too clause.
Q:
On reaching retirement age, a retiree may generally choose to accept an annuity payment (e.g., $10,000 per year for life) based on the value of the account balance or receive a;
a. Golden parachutes distribution.
b. Lump-sum distribution.
c. Skill-based distribution.
d. Secured-income distribution.
e. Guaranteed-salary distribution
Q:
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that both private sector union and nonunion workers receive a median__________paid vacation days after one year of service
a. 6.
b. 7.
c. 10.
d. 14.
e. 15.
Q:
Which federal agency is responsible for computing and reporting the Consumer Price Index (CPI)?
a. Department of Agriculture.
b. Department of Commerce.
c. Department of State.
d. Department of Labor.
e. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Q:
The most common formula for adjusting wages to the cost of living is:
a. Wages increased 3 cents for each 0.1 rise in the CPI-W.
b. A percentage increase in wages for each percentage increase in the CPI-W.
c. Wages increased 1 cent-per-hour increase for each 0.3 point increase in the CPI-W.
d. Wages increased 1 cent for each 0.2 rise in the CPI-W.
e. Wages increased 4 cent-per-hour increase for each 0.3 point increase in the CPI-W.
Q:
The plan to which companies make monetary payments to a specific group or groups of employees for producing more output or generating cost savings beyond some established goal is called a:
a. Gain-sharing plan
b. Profit sharing plan
c. Fee-for-service plan
d. Graded vesting schedule
e. Liberty plan.
Q:
The act that was amended in 1987 to prohibit any mandatory retirement age, with the exception of airline pilots, using 70 as a mandatory retirement age is the:
a. Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974.
b. Pension Protection Act of 2006.
c. Affordable Care Act.
d. Patient Protection Act.
e. Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA).