Q&A Hero

Q: The best place to make an impact regarding quality expectations is with the: a. supervisor. b. old employee. c. new employee. d. upper management.

Q: The supervisor's role in achieving quality is to: a. let employees know that mediocre quality is acceptable. b. exclude workers in achieving and controlling quality. c. make sure projects are completed as individual activities. d. provide feedback regarding recommendations and solutions.

Q: The displays if a process is free from special cause variation. a. histogram b. control chart c. fishbone diagram d. run chart

Q: A cause and effect diagram is also called a: a. Pareto chart. b. control chart. c. fishbone diagram. d. check sheet.

Q: A data presentation that shows the results of a process plotted over a period of time is a: a. run chart. b. histogram. c. flow chart. d. Pareto chart.

Q: Graphical representation of the variation found in a set of performance data is known as a: a. histogram. b. cause-and-effect diagram. c. Pareto chart. d. control chart.

Q: Visual representation of the sequence of steps needed to complete a process is a: a. histogram. b. run chart. c. check sheet. d. flowchart.

Q: A occurs intermittently and is associated with a specific event. a. manufacturing variance b. special case variance c. common cause variance d. checked variance

Q: General, routine variations built into a system are called: a. manufacturing variances. b. special case variations. c. common cause variations. d. checked variations.

Q: is the process in which defined measurements are used to check whether quality standards are being met. a. Quality control b. Total quality management c. Quality assurance d. Continuous quality improvement

Q: refers to an organizations overall effort that strives to achieve customer satisfaction through continuous improvement of the organizations products, services, and processes. a. Total quality b. Quality control c. Continuous quality improvement d. Quality attainment

Q: W. Edwards Deming was associated with all of the following ideas, EXCEPT: a. the 85-15 rule. b. noting that special cause variations can sometimes be addressed by individual workers. c. stating that management rather than employees is to be blamed for most quality-related issues. d. histogram representation.

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM)? a. They assist automated equipment in performing the processes necessary for production. b. They can be reprogrammed to permit machinery to easily produce a product or part to different specifications. c. They are useful for mass production of standardized products but not customized products. d. They require supervisors to possess the technical knowledge to supervise the operation of equipment.

Q: Which of the following is not a factor that has influenced productivity in recent times? a. Robotics b. Unionism c. Computer-assisted manufacturing d. Just-in-time inventory

Q: Which of the following statements holds true for robotics? a. Tasks that require precision cannot be performed by industrial robots. b. Cost of operating industrial robots is higher than cost of having human workers. c. Robots are generally not used for repetitive, monotonous operations. d. Robots are not useful for performing hazardous industrial tasks.

Q: Budgets: a. reflect actual performance; not expected performance. b. cannot be used to evaluate an entire department's performance. c. tend to falsely signal areas that don't need attention as needing attention. d. are affected by factors that are sometimes beyond the control of the employees.

Q: During the 1980s, the lower average age of workers resulted in a(n) . a. decrease in productivity b. increase in motivation c. decrease in inadequacy d. increase in skill

Q: Which of the following is NOT a group which influences American productivity? a. Management b. Government c. Publishers d. Unions

Q: is the most influential of the forces affecting productivity. a. Government b. Union c. Individual worker d. Management

Q: Which of the following statements is true of productivity? a. Increased productivity results in smaller market share for the company and lesser profits. b. Increased productivity in the United States increases inflation. c. Increased productivity allows a company to pay better wages and invest in newer technology. d. Increased productivity does not necessarily improve standard of living

Q: Increasing productivity leads to: a. higher prices. b. improved standard of living. c. lower wages. d. smaller market shares.

Q: A company produces 240,000 units and has a total cost of $60,000. Therefore, the productivity is: a. 60 units per dollar. b. 4 units per dollar. c. 24 units per dollar. d. 6 units per dollar.

Q: The official productivity measure of the U.S. is based on: a. labor output and input per hour. b. quality output and labor output per hour. c. volume of goods and services produced per worker. d. volume of goods produced per year.

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the ways to increase productivity? a. Increase output without changing total costs b. Decrease total input costs without changing total output c. Increase output and decrease input costs d. Decrease total output and increase input costs

Q: Output divided by input is: a. variance. b. quality control. c. productivity. d. quality assurance.

Q: A measure that compares inputs to outputs and tells how efficiently a system is performing is: a. consumption. b. productivity. c. compensation. d. total quality.

Q: In the 1980s, one of the things that productivity stagnation could be traced to was: a. conservative management. b. competitive management. c. autocratic management. d. complacent management.

Q: During the 1980s productivity in the U.S.: a. lagged behind Canada, but was higher than in other countries. b. stagnated due to conservative management. c. resulted in increased U.S. market dominance. d. was the highest in the world.

Q: Another name for productivity is: a. dynamism. b. histology. c. effervescence. d. efficiency.

Q: Top management plays little role in controlling safety. a. True b. False

Q: The supervisor plays an important role in workplace safety as he or she is management's link with operating employees. a. True b. False

Q: Technical factors such as defective tools and poor mechanical construction account for most work-related injuries. a. True b. False

Q: Rates of occupational injury and illness rates are consistent across all types of industries. a. True b. False

Q: The size of an organization is not related to job safety statistics. a. True b. False

Q: OSHA has the right to develop safety standards, but cannot conduct inspections or issue citations. a. True b. False

Q: With the passage of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the federal government stepped in to ensure uniformity and enforcement of health and safety in the workplace. a. True b. False

Q: Workers should be involved in achieving quality. a. True b. False

Q: Lower level management lays the foundation for the achievement of high quality. a. True b. False

Q: The control chart is the backbone of statistical process control. a. True b. False

Q: A pareto chart is also known as a fishbone diagram. a. True b. False

Q: Pareto charts are problem analysis charts that use a histogram to graphically illustrate the sources of problems. a. True b. False

Q: A histogram is a data presentation that shows the results the results of a process plotted over a period of time. a. True b. False

Q: A flowchart is a visual representation of the sequence of steps needed to complete a process. a. True b. False

Q: A common cause variation is nonroutine and unexpected. a. True b. False

Q: Service processes are never subject to variation. a. True b. False

Q: Total quality is a narrower process than quality control. a. True b. False

Q: Quality control involves measurements to assess how many products are being produced. a. True b. False

Q: Total quality can be achieved through continuous improvement of the organizations products, services, and processes. a. True b. False

Q: CAM equipment can be reprogrammed to easily produce a product to different specifications. a. True b. False

Q: Just-in-time inventory control minimizes holding and storage costs. a. True b. False

Q: Industrial robots are more widely used in the U.S. than in Japan. a. True b. False

Q: Since a budget reflects expected performance, it cannot be a basis for evaluating a department's actual performance. a. True b. False

Q: Supervisors play key roles in cost control, in that they can control the firm's cost in labor hours and use of supplies. a. True b. False

Q: Unions do not play a significant role in influencing the productivity of an organization. a. True b. False

Q: Team performance is not affected by an employee's motivation. a. True b. False

Q: Government tax incentives encourage business investment in new technology that increases productivity. a. True b. False

Q: During the 1980s, conservative management contributed to lowered productivity. a. True b. False

Q: Increased productivity can result in higher prices and smaller market shares. a. True b. False

Q: Decreasing productivity leads to lower prices and greater profits. a. True b. False

Q: Productivity can be increased by increasing output without changing total costs. a. True b. False

Q: One approach to increasing productivity is to increase input costs while decreasing output value. a. True b. False

Q: Productivity can be increased by decreasing input costs without decreasing total output. a. True b. False

Q: Productivity is a measure that compares inputs to outputs and tells how efficiently a system is performing. a. True b. False

Q: During the 1980s, the U.S. productivity rate increased dramatically. a. True b. False

Q: A country's productivity indicates how efficiently its human resources are utilized in producing goods and services. a. True b. False

Q: Another name for productivity is efficiency. a. True b. False

Q: Define each of the three types of control systems.

Q: Briefly identify and explain the characteristics of an effective control system.

Q: Identify the three basic phases of control.

Q: One result of the information revolution is that: a. decision making has been shifted downward to lower levels of management. b. control has been shifted upward to higher levels of management. c. managers need to cope with stagnancy of operations in all types of economic activities. d. supervisors have access to limited types and sources of information.

Q: If sales fall 5% below forecast, a sales manager takes no action. If, however, sales fall 20% below forecast, the sales manager and the district manager schedule a sales review meeting. This is an example of: a. impoverished management. b. management by exception. c. intangible standards management. d. country club management.

Q: Using management by exception: a. supervisors develop actions to be taken before or during the course of a job, to prevent things from going wrong. b. supervisors invest equal time and effort on all activities irrespective of how big or small they are. c. supervisors establish a point of activity where performance is measured early enough so that corrective action can be taken. d. supervisors set priorities for activities, depending on their importance, and to focus their efforts on top-priority items.

Q: Using , a supervisor focuses on critical control needs and allows employees to handle most routine deviations from standard. a. invasive management b. management by exception c. impoverished management d. transformational management

Q: Monitoring a worker's activities is an example of : a. measuring performance. b. establishing performance standards. c. taking corrective actions for failing to meet performance standards. d. comparing performance with standards.

Q: A(n) occurs when actual performance is less or greater than standard. a. control point b. objective c. deviation d. goal

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the methods by which managers can measure performance? a. Personal observation b. Experimentation c. Written reports by employees d. Inspection

Q: In deciding how to measure performance, the supervisor should: a. develop a meaningful, valid method of measurement. b. rely on personal observation only. c. not depend on oral reports by or about employees. d. develop a method that keeps measuring performance constantly.

Q: The performance measurement point located sufficiently early in an activity to allow any corrective actions to be taken to accomplish the objective is known as: a. tangible standard. b. management by exception. c. strategic control point. d. management by objectives.

Q: After standards are set, supervisors: a. have completed the controlling function. b. must actually monitor performance. c. must perform the production activities themselves. d. should monitor only tangible standards.

Q: Which of the following would be an intangible standard? a. Cooperative attitudes b. Minimum size tolerances c. Quality and durability of materials d. Scheduled project completion dates