Accounting
Anthropology
Archaeology
Art History
Banking
Biology & Life Science
Business
Business Communication
Business Development
Business Ethics
Business Law
Chemistry
Communication
Computer Science
Counseling
Criminal Law
Curriculum & Instruction
Design
Earth Science
Economic
Education
Engineering
Finance
History & Theory
Humanities
Human Resource
International Business
Investments & Securities
Journalism
Law
Management
Marketing
Medicine
Medicine & Health Science
Nursing
Philosophy
Physic
Psychology
Real Estate
Science
Social Science
Sociology
Special Education
Speech
Visual Arts
Human Resource
Q:
(p. 238) Sustainable development will require technology cooperation through long-term partnerships between companies in developed and developing countries to transfer environmental technologies.
Q:
(p. 237) Life-cycle analysis involves collecting information on the lifelong environmental impact of a product, all the way from extraction of raw material, to manufacturing, to its distribution, use and ultimate disposal.
Q:
(p. 235) Rain forest destruction is controversial because these environments are more valuable cut down than standing.
Q:
(p. 234) Biodiversity refers to the number and variety of species that have become extinct.
Q:
(p. 232) Deforestation - cutting down and not replacing trees - contributes to global warming.
Q:
(p. 230) In 2000, a group of nations negotiated the Montreal Protocol, agreeing to increase CFC production and use by 50 percent by 2020.
Q:
(p. 228) The world's natural resource base - the air, water, soil, minerals, and so forth -- is essentially finite, or bounded.
Q:
(p. 227) The world's income is distributed equally among nations.
Q:
(p. 226) About 20 percent of the world's people have incomes below the international poverty line.
Q:
(p. 225) Human society used 60 times as much energy in the late 20th century as it did in 1860, when industrialization was in its early stages.
Q:
(p. 223) Land, even when properly cared for, is not a renewable resource.
Q:
(p. 223) Sustainable development is an appealing idea but also a very controversial one.
Q:
(p. 222) The paradox of the commons is that if all individuals attempt to maximize their own private advantage in the short term, the commons will still remain productive in the long run.
Q:
(p. 222) A commons is a shared resource, such as land, air or water that a group of people uses collectively.
Q:
(p. 222) Ecology is the study of how living things - plants and animals - interact with one another in an ecosystem.
Q:
(p. 236 - 240) Do you believe economic development (industrialization) helps or hurts the environment? Why?
Q:
(p. 236 - 240) Discuss some of the voluntary initiatives undertaken by businesses around the world in order to incorporate sustainable development into their every day business practices.
Q:
(p. 230 - 236) What defines an environmental problem that is inherently global in scope? Discuss in detail two of the four global problems outlined in the textbook that will have major consequences for business and society.
Q:
(p. 228 - 230) What is meant by the Earth's carrying capacity? How can it be measured? Discuss the changes that need to be made in order to bring the Earth's carry capacity back into balance.
Q:
(p. 225 - 228) Three critical factors have combined to accelerate the ecological crisis facing the world community and to make sustainable development more difficult. Explain and discuss these three factors.
Q:
(p. 223 - 225) Identify and explain three major threats to the earth's ecosystem as described in the textbook. How will these threats accelerate the ecological crisis?
Q:
(p. 223 - 224) Identify a business with which you are familiar. What steps could this business take to manage more sustainably?
Q:
(p. 240) The most successful global businesses in coming years will be those companies that:
A. Develop short-term partnerships between companies in developing countries to transfer environmental technologies.
B. Recognize the imperative for sustainable development as an opportunity both for competitive advantage and ethical action.
C. Avoid fully accounting environmental costs in calculating measures of production such as the gross domestic product (GDP).
D. Produce products with a limited useful life.
Q:
(p. 238) Which of the following illustrates the idea of sustainable development through technological cooperation?
A. Worldwide conferences to encourage developing countries to invest in technological joint ventures with other developing countries.
B. The development of long-term partnerships between companies in developed and developing countries to transfer environmental technologies.
C. Advanced countries developing and selling at a profit environment technologies to developing countries.
D. All countries developing their own environmental technology in order to solve their own problems.
Q:
(p. 237) Which of the following is an example of industrial ecology in practice?
A. Developing a paper recycling program in business offices.
B. Using wastes from one process as raw materials for another process.
C. Manufacturing recyclable containers for products.
D. All of the above.
Q:
(p. 237) Life-cycle analysis involves:
A. Accurately recording the production costs at each stage of a product's life cycle.
B. Collecting information regarding the lifelong environmental impact of a product, from extraction to disposal.
C. Reducing recycling costs for disposable products.
D. Increasing productivity while improving the environment.
Q:
(p. 237) Which of the following statements is not true about eco-efficiency?
A. Eco-efficient companies are those that add the most value with the least use of resources and pollution.
B. Prices for eco-efficient products reflect the true cost of environmental as well as other resources.
C. Eco-efficiency is only possible in the presence of open and competitive markets.
D. Prices for eco-efficient products reflect highly inflated costs of environmental resources.
Q:
(p. 236) The goal of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development is to encourage:
A. High standards of environmental management and to promote closer cooperation among businesses, governments, and other organizations.
B. World political and business leaders to conserve the earth's biological resources, particularly in species-rich tropical forests.
C. Poorer countries to develop their economies in an environmentally sustainable way.
D. Cut CFC production and use by 50 percent by 2010.
Q:
(p. 235) The commitments of the Convention on Biological Diversity include:
A. Developing national conservation strategies.
B. Eliminating CFC production.
C. Population control education.
D. Massive irrigation projects in developing countries.
Q:
(p. 235) Reasons for the destruction of rain forests include:
A. Commercial logging.
B. Cattle ranching.
C. Conversion of forests to plantations.
D. All of the above.
Q:
(p. 234 - 235) Which of the following is not true about rain forests?
A. They are the planet's richest areas in terms of biological diversity.
B. They will be severely depleted within the next 8 years.
C. They account for about 7 percent of the earth's surface.
D. They account for somewhere between 40 to 75 percent of the earth's species.
Q:
(p. 234) According to eminent biologist Edward O. Wilson, the costs of decreasing biodiversity include:
A. Every species extinction diminishes humanity.
B. Species diversity is one of the planet's most important and irreplaceable resources.
C. The capacity for natural genetic regeneration reduces with extermination of species.
D. All of the above.
Q:
(p. 213 - 215) Identify and describe four of the eight themes found in campaign financing reform abroad.
Q:
(p. 212 - 213) How does the problem of money and campaign financing in the American political system affect business?
Q:
(p. 209 - 210) Compare and contrast the three levels of business political involvement.
Q:
(p. 200 - 209) Describe two tactics used to promote each of the three types of corporate political strategies.
Q:
(p. 198 - 200) How do the three types of corporate political strategies differ from each other?
Q:
(p. 197 - 198) Who are the major participants in the political process and are they cooperative or adversarial in their relations with each other?
Q:
(p. 196 - 197) Prepare a strong argument in favor of and in opposition to businesses being involved in the political process.
Q:
(p. 212) In December 2003, a federal court ruled that the campaign finance reforms ban on soft money:
A. Was unconstitutional.
B. Restricted a large source of government corruption.
C. Was a matter for the states to decide.
D. Was unfair to the Democratic National Committee.
Q:
(p. 212) Campaign finance reform was sought in the United States to:
A. Reduce the corrupting influence of money in the political process.
B. Include more participants in financing political campaigns.
C. Balance business and labor unions political campaign contributions.
D. Enable non-U.S. citizens access to the U.S. campaign financing arena.
Q:
(p. 209) When a business seeks to overturn a law after it has been passed or threatens to challenge the legal legitimacy of the new regulation in the courts, this is called:
A. Accumulating.
B. Overturn lobbying.
C. Legal challenges.
D. Funneling.
Q:
(p. 209) Trade associations are:
A. Coalitions of companies in the same or related industries.
B. Prohibited by U.S. law.
C. Made up of unionized workers.
D. Found in developing countries.
Q:
(p. 208) Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they:
A. Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder.
B. Can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue.
C. Increase union activity and long-term expenses for an organization.
D. Both A and B, but not C.
Q:
(p. 208) Advocacy ads are also called:
A. Issue advertisements.
B. Research and development plans.
C. Constituent advertisements.
D. Price control advertisements.
Q:
(p. 206) Economic leverage occurs when a business uses it economic power to:
A. Hire lobbyists to gain a desired political action.
B. Pay for the costs of regulation to acquire a desired political action.
C. Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken.
D. Buyout another firm to acquire a desired political action.
Q:
(p. 206) The greatest number of political action committees is represented by:
A. Trade or health groups.
B. Labor unions.
C. Business.
D. Non-connected groups.
Q:
(p. 204) According to the textbook, under the existing U.S. campaign contribution law, individuals:
A. Can give more to PACs, and PACs can give more to individual candidates.
B. Can give more to PACs, but PACs cannot give more to each candidate.
C. Cannot give more to PACs, but PACs can give more to individual candidates.
D. Cannot give more to PACs, and PACs cannot give more to individual candidates.
Q:
(p. 204) According to the textbook, under the existing U.S. campaign contributions law, individuals can contribute:
A. Up to $1,400 to any candidate per election.
B. Up to $2,400 to any candidate per election.
C. Up to $5,400 to any candidate per election.
D. Nothing, only organizations can contribute to candidates.
Q:
(p. 204) Companies have been permitted to contribute to political action committees since:
A. The early 1950s.
B. The mid-1970s.
C. The mid-1980s.
D. Never, they are prohibited by U.S. law.
Q:
(p. 204) One of the most common financial-incentive strategy tools is:
A. Political action committee contributions.
B. Political consulting aid.
C. Advocacy advertising.
D. Lobbying.
Q:
(p. 203) Expert witness testimony is often provided:
A. Through company newsletters.
B. On the steps of the White House.
C. In Congressional hearings.
D. In The Wall Street Journal.
Q:
(p. 203) One of the most effective organizations promoting direct communications between business and policymakers is:
A. The Knights of the Roundtable.
B. The Business Roundtable.
C. The Government Partnership Roundtable.
D. The Strategic Roundtable.
Q:
(p. 203) Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to:
A. Visit local plant facilities.
B. Attend company award ceremonies.
C. Give speeches to employees.
D. All of the above.
Q:
(p. 202) Which of the following group has seen the greatest revolving door activity?
A. Professional sports agents.
B. Railroad industry executives.
C. Appropriations committee of the U.S. House of Representatives.
D. Nongovernmental organizations in the northeast U.S.
Q:
(p. 201) Since 1998, the number of lobbyists has risen about:
A. 12 percent
B. 32 percent
C. 42 percent.
D. 72 percent
Q:
(p. 201) Lobbyists, under U.S. law, must disclose their:
A. Political affiliation and expenses.
B. Earnings.
C. Expenses.
D. Earnings and expenses.
Q:
(p. 200) The information strategy tool most used by business is:
A. Political contributions.
B. Lobbying.
C. Legal challenges.
D. Direct communication.
Q:
(p. 200) Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool?
A. Expert witness testimony.
B. Advocacy advertising.
C. Public relations.
D. Legal challenges.
Q:
(p. 199) A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is:
A. Lobbying.
B. Legal challenges.
C. Expert witness testimony.
D. Political contributions.
Q:
(p. 199) To influence government policymakers' actions, an information strategy involves:
A. Business leaders speaking before government policymakers.
B. Government policymakers hiring special interest groups for fact-finding projects.
C. Businesses listening to government policymakers in order to develop a corporate strategy.
D. Gaining support from other affected organizations.
Q:
(p. 198 - 200) A corporate political strategy does not:
A. Hinder a competitor's ability to compete economically.
B. Seek to continue the firm's economic survival or growth.
C. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing.
D. Exercise a firm's right to a voice in government affairs.
Q:
(p. 198) The National Energy Plan signed into law by President Bush:
A. Extended daylight savings time 11 weeks.
B. Shortened daylight savings time 5 weeks.
C. Extended daylight savings time 4 weeks.
D. Was opposed by the barbecue industry.
Q:
(p. 198) Two or more participants joining together to act in concert in the political process is called:
A. A political coalition.
B. An ad hoc coalition.
C. Cooperation.
D. Regulation.
Q:
(p. 197 - 198) In the 2008 election cycle, the United Auto Workers Union gave:
A. Less than 10 percent of its $1.1 million in contributions to Democrats.
B. 50 percent of its $1.1 million in contributions to Democrats.
C. All of its $1.1 million in contributions to Democrats.
D. None of its $1.1 million in contributions to Democrats.
Q:
(p. 197) In a 2009 Harris poll, how many people believed that political action committees were seen as too powerful?
A. 85 percent.
B. 65 percent.
C. 45 percent.
D. 15 percent.
Q:
(p. 196) Proponents of business as a political participant argue:
A. A pluralistic system invites many participants.
B. It is business's constitutional right to be involved.
C. Business is a vital stakeholder of government.
D. Both A and C, but not B.
Q:
(p. 196) Public policies and government regulations are shaped by:
A. Business.
B. Special interest groups.
C. Government officials
D. All of the above.
Q:
(p. 195) In 2008, a Google and Yahoo advertising partnership that would allow Google to sell ads alongside some search results in Yahoo prompted:
A. State legislatures to consider changing their regulation of advertising pharmaceuticals.
B. Other social media participants to rush to the same type of partnerships.
C. Protests by consumer groups, advertising associations and some firms.
D. A warm reception by the Obama administration.
Q:
(p. 214 - 215) Campaign finance reforms can be found in many countries other than the United States.
Q:
(p. 208) Advocacy advertising focuses not on a company's views on controversial political issues, but rather on a particular product or service.
Q:
(p. 204) According to the textbook, in 2009, corporations are permitted by law to make direct contributions to political candidates for national and most state offices.
Q:
(p. 203) Expert witnesses provide information to legislators for businesses or business groups.
Q:
(p. 202) Sometimes businesspeople leave the private sector to take employment in government before returning to the corporate world.
Q:
(p. 201) Under U.S. law, lobbying activities must be disclosed publicly.
Q:
(p. 200) The most effective type of lobbying involves targeting only federal officials.
Q:
(p. 199) Loaning office personnel is a financial-incentive political strategy tool.
Q:
(p. 199) Businesses must wait for a public issue to arise before forming a political strategy.
Q:
(p. 198) Most scholars agree that business must participate in politics.
Q:
(p. 197) Labor unions have been an active participant in United States politics for decades.