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Q:
________ refers to a general slowdown in economic activity.
Q:
The gap between productivity and real hourly compensation was the highest during which of the following periods?
A) 1947-1973
B) 1979-1990
C) 1990-2000
D) 2000-2011
Q:
Which one of the following is NOT considered a long-term implication of underemployment?
A) a slowdown in the economic recovery from recession
B) higher spending by companies
C) reduced consumption of goods and services
D) reduced business production
Q:
Jane holds a doctoral degree in sociology and works as a taxi driver. Which of the following best describes this situation?
A) malemployment
B) overstaffing
C) discrimination
D) unemployment
Q:
Robert prefers to work full-time as a business analyst, but he is forced to work part-time for economic reasons because he is unable to find a full-time job. Which of the following best describes this situation?
A) underemployment
B) malemployment
C) underutilization
D) discrimination
Q:
During which period did the so-called Great Recession occur?
A) February 2005 to July 2008
B) December 2008 to January 2010
C) April 2007 to December 2009
D) December 2007 to June 2009
Q:
What are some of the issues associated with rising wages in China?
Q:
Which one of the following factors has contributed to China's labor shortage?
A) approximately 30 years of the one-child policy
B) mass emigration of Chinese citizens to various other countries
C) increases to minimum wage rates
D) imposed limit on the number of individuals who can work per family
Q:
The Chinese central government is creating pressure throughout the wage structure because
A) it is trying to increase Chinese citizens' ability to purchase imported products.
B) it has raised minimum wage rates multiple times.
C) it has frozen minimum wage rates.
D) it has relaxed the one-child policy.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT one of the direct or indirect reasons of rising wages in China?
A) Chinese policy makers' support of increased wages
B) one-child policy
C) labor shortages
D) increasing cost of exports
Q:
Which of the following Asian countries has the highest average pay rate?
A) Vietnam
B) China
C) Indonesia
D) Bangladesh
Q:
Discuss two possible unintended consequences of raising the salary threshold to qualify for overtime pay.
Q:
Which of the following is a possible advantage of raising the overtime pay threshold?
A) lower income tax rate
B) higher employee motivation to move into upper-level management positions
C) pay increases for all employees
D) higher discretionary income for the additional workers who meet the new exemption criteria
Q:
Which is believed to be one of the reasons for President Obama's call to increase the overtime pay threshold?
A) Companies believe that increasing the overtime pay threshold will promote competitive advantage.
B) Labor unions have threatened to strike.
C) New York and California have already set thresholds that are higher than the federal level (as of July 2015).
D) Raising the threshold will directly lead to a lower unionization rate in the private sector.
Q:
One study about the minimum wage in particular cities concluded which of the following?
A) Those cities suffered job losses in both the retail and food service industries.
B) Those cities suffered job losses in the retail industry, but not in the food service industry.
C) Those cities didn't suffer job losses among low-wage restaurant workers.
D) Those cities didn't suffer job losses at any job level.
Q:
Many people are concerned that raising the minimum wage rate will do which of the following?
A) increase employee turnover
B) lead to higher unemployment
C) negatively influence service quality
D) result in greater onshoring activities
Q:
Although Congress has yet to raise the federal minimum wage (as of June 2015),
A) some states have chosen to raise their minimum wage rates.
B) all of the states have set aside discussions of possibly raising their minimum wage rates.
C) businesses are pressuring the federal government to act on increasing the minimum wage rate.
D) some states have engaged in discussions about repealing their minimum wage laws.
Q:
Compare health benefits and paid time off benefits in India and People's Republic of China.
Q:
In China, the minimum wage rates are set for each ________.
Q:
In China, how much was the per capita expenditure on health in 2012?
A) $480 based on purchasing power parity
B) 480 yuan
C) $970 based on purchasing power parity
D) 970 yuan
Q:
Which of the following is a consideration regarding higher minimum wages in China?
A) positive impact on foreign companies' interest in relocating to China
B) negative impact on companies because of slower economic growth
C) positive impact on export activity
D) negative impact on labor-management relations
Q:
Hui has worked for one month in Guangxi province where the monthly minimum wage is 830 yuan. What is the minimum allowable wage that Hui can earn in that period?
A) 830 yuan
B) 664 yuan
C) 415 yuan
D) 500 yuan
Q:
Xue has been working at an electronics manufacturing plant located in Beijing, China for the last 3 years. Her parents live in Shanghai. Which of the following is true regarding her paid time off benefits?
A) Xue is entitled to "home leave" because her parents live in another city in China and she has met the minimum service requirement.
B) Xue is not entitled to "home leave" because she has not met the five-year service requirement.
C) Xue is not entitled to "home leave" because there is no such government policy in China.
D) "Home leave" is granted at the discretion of the employer.
Q:
The People's Republic of China Labor Law of 1995 resulted in which of the following?
A) shift to state-owned enterprises
B) collective contracts
C) state controlled benefits
D) break from "iron rice bowl" employment
Q:
In India, the Minimum Wages Act of 1948 generally applies to which of the following?
A) occupations that are largely nonunionized or have little bargaining power
B) occupations that are largely unionized or have little bargaining power
C) employees who work in the private sector
D) employees who work in the public sector
Q:
India's labor force has approximately how many million people?
A) 350
B) 400
C) 450
D) 500
Q:
Which of the following is NOT one of the top three largest economies in Asia as of 2015?
A) Philippines
B) China
C) India
D) Japan
Q:
Discuss the employment context in the European Union.
Q:
In Germany, the minimum wage rate is established by the ________ process.
Q:
The ________ is a unique international organization that aims at becoming an economic superpower, while still retaining such practices as high levels of employment, social welfare protection, and strong trade unions.
Q:
Claudia works for a pharmaceutical company in Germany as a blue-collar worker. She used to opt out of the state insurance plan and purchased private insurance. Due to increasing health insurance premiums this year, she decided to get the state insurance plan. Which of the following is true regarding her state health insurance?
A) Claudia bears the entire cost of the health insurance.
B) Her company bears the entire cost of the health insurance.
C) 50% of health insurance costs are borne by the company, and the other 50% of the costs are borne by the insured.
D) 75% of health insurance costs are borne by the company, and the remaining 25% of the costs are borne by the insured.
Q:
In Germany, an employee can request up to how many year(s) of child-rearing leave?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q:
In Germany, how long must an employee work before becoming eligible for paid vacation?
A) 4 weeks
B) 6 months
C) 6 weeks
D) 4 months
Q:
Oliver is employed as a blue-collar worker in the metalworking industry in Baden-Wurttemberg in Germany. His pay is based on minimum wage. Which of the following is probably true regarding his minimum wage?
A) The Minimum Wage Council determines his hourly pay.
B) Germany uniformly does not have a minimum wage.
C) His wage is established through a collective bargaining process.
D) His wage is calculated based on the national minimum wage rate set by the government.
Q:
According to the ________ in Brazil, the minimum wage rate is nationally uniform and set by law.
Q:
What percentage of gross earnings do Brazilian employees put towards social insurance?
A) 8%
B) 11%
C) 8% to 11% regardless of earnings
D) 8% to 11% based on earnings
Q:
Brazil's workforce has approximately how many million people?
A) 95
B) 110
C) 120
D) 125
Q:
Which of the following is one of the largest trade blocs in South America?
A) South American Free Trade Agreement
B) South American Union
C) South American Community of Nations
D) Latin Free Trade Association
Q:
What is the status of employee benefits in Brazil?
A) Benefits that are not stated in collective bargaining agreements are subject to possible cancellation.
B) Only health care protection cannot be eliminated.
C) Any and all benefits habitually granted by the employer cannot be eliminated.
D) Employee benefits are not protected by Brazilian law.
Q:
Identify the countries that are part of NAFTA and NAFTA's main provisions.
Q:
The United States, Canada, and Mexico are part of a trade bloc better known as ________.
Q:
Nora has been working at a manufacturing plant in Mexico for the last 18 months. Which of the following regarding her paid time off benefits is false?
A) She is entitled to paid time off during public holidays.
B) She is entitled 6 weeks' leave prior to giving birth and 6 weeks' leave after birth on half salary.
C) She is entitled to 6 vacation days.
D) If she works during a public holiday, she is entitled to double pay.
Q:
Mexico can be defined as which of the following?
A) constitutional monarchy
B) federal republic
C) parliamentary democracy
D) autocracy
Q:
Canadian retirement plans are most similar to retirement plans in which of the following countries?
A) Brazil
B) Italy
C) U.S.
D) Germany
Q:
In Canada, Maria earns an annual salary of $50,000. The amount of Maria's vacation pay is equal to what amount?
A) $1,000
B) $1,500
C) $1,750
D) $2,000
Q:
Chris has been working in Vancouver, Canada at an accounting firm for the last 10 years. Which of the following is false regarding his paid time off benefits?
A) He is entitled to 8 weeks of paid leave to care for a seriously ill family member.
B) His paternity leave provisions are coordinated under the Federal Employment Insurance Act.
C) He is entitled to 8 or 9 annual paid holidays.
D) He is entitled to 3 weeks of paid vacation time and a sum of money as vacation pay.
Q:
The origins of the common law governing individual employment contracts in Canada were based on the laws of which country?
A) Italy
B) Spain
C) Sweden
D) England
Q:
The XYZ Co. plans to open a new facility in Canada to be able to reach its Canadian customers more quickly. Which of the following is true regarding labor-related considerations of the new facility?
A) Canada does not possess a statuary minimum wage law.
B) Federal legislation in Canada can override provincial laws.
C) Both individual and collective employment relationships are controlled at the province level.
D) There is one common law governing individual employment contracts for all provinces.
Q:
Canada can best be defined as which of the following?
A) autocracy
B) federal republic
C) constitutional monarchy
D) communist state
Q:
Briefly define and discuss the importance of considering gross domestic product (GDP), per capita GDP, and per capital expenditure on health care when considering wages and benefits in multiple countries. What role do purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates play?
Q:
Of the countries studied in Chapter 14, ________ has the lowest hourly compensation costs.
Q:
________ is one measure of a country's standard of living.
Q:
In ________, employees are entitled to 6 vacation days after 1 year of employment and to 2 more days for each subsequent year up to a maximum of 12 days.
Q:
Canada has two state-run pension plans: one for ________ provincial residents only and one for the rest of Canada.
Q:
The country with the lowest GDP per capita reviewed in Chapter 14 is ________.
Q:
Employment costs were highest in which two countries?
A) Germany and the United States
B) Mexico and the United States
C) Brazil and the United States
D) Canada and the United States
Q:
Which of the following countries has the highest per capita GDP?
A) United States
B) Brazil
C) Germany
D) Canada
Q:
Which measure helps compensation professionals understand the standard of health care in the United States and elsewhere?
A) per capita expenditure on legally required benefits
B) per company's expenditure on health care
C) per country expenditure on health care
D) per capita expenditure on health care
Q:
Which of the following describes the worth of all goods and services produced in a foreign country valued at prices prevailing in the United States?
A) real gross domestic product
B) purchasing power parity exchange rates
C) wholesale exchange rates
D) nominal gross domestic product
Q:
The GDP per capita describes which of the following?
A) a measure of earnings
B) the standard of living in a country's capitol city
C) a country's standard of living
D) the total value of a country's economy
Q:
What is gross domestic product (GDP)?
A) GDP describes the amount a country spends on health care.
B) GDP describes the amount of a country's debt.
C) GDP describes the size of a capitol city.
D) GDP describes the size of a country's economy.
Q:
What are some of the issues companies should consider to increase the likelihood of successful repatriation?
Q:
________ is the transition process of working in a domestic assignment in a worker's home country after having worked on an international assignment abroad.
Q:
What is the balance sheet approach? When is its use most appropriate?
Q:
Expatriates receive ________ allowances when the cost of living is higher where they work than in the home country.
Q:
Josh works at a U.S. construction company as a civil engineer. He has been working overseas for the last three years. The hypothetical tax calculated by his company turned out to be less than his actual income tax. In this situation,
A) Josh pays the taxes.
B) the employer reimburses Josh.
C) under tax equalization, neither Josh nor his employer receives a reimbursement.
D) the foreign government reimburses Josh.
Q:
Which of the following occurs under tax equalization?
A) Expatriates realize tax benefits whenever actual taxes are less than the hypothetical tax.
B) The employee pays the foreign income tax, but not the U.S. government tax.
C) Employers reimburse expatriates for the difference between the hypothetical tax and the actual income tax.
D) The employer takes the responsibility for paying the income tax on behalf of the expatriates.
Q:
Employers usually rely on which source to determine housing and utilities support?
A) U.S. Department of State's quarters allowances
B) Consumer Price Index
C) Indexes of international labor costs
D) U.S. Department of State's International Consumer Price Index
Q:
What do the indexes of living costs abroad enable expatriates to do?
A) The indexes are between-location cost comparisons at future times and currency exchange rates.
B) The indexes are place-to-place cost comparisons at future times and currency exchange rates.
C) The indexes are between-location cost comparisons at specific times and currency exchange rates.
D) The indexes are place-to-place cost comparisons at specific times and currency exchange rates.
Q:
Quarters allowance is the U.S. Department of State's nomenclature for which expatriate cost provision?
A) cost-of-living allowance
B) inflation provision
C) housing and utilities allowance
D) assimilation allowance
Q:
Mary is a U.S. expatriate who is assigned to work in Belgium. In order to avoid double income taxation and maintaining residences in the United States and in Belgium, which approach will not place her at a financial disadvantage?
A) the balance sheet approach
B) the cost comparison approach
C) the weights and measurements approach
D) the retrospective approach
Q:
Which of the following are used by the State Department to determine per diem schedules?
A) length of stay, family size
B) location, family size
C) cost of living, family size
D) length of stay, location
Q:
Which of the following represent additional paid time off for employees working in hardship locations?
A) rest and relaxation leave benefits
B) permissible premiums
C) foreign service premiums
D) chillaxtion time
Q:
Andre is going to be stationed overseas for about 18 months. Andre's foreign service premium will increase his base pay by about how much?
A) 5 - 10 %
B) 10 - 30 %
C) 40 - 60 %
D) 50 - 75 %
Q:
Prior to Juanita's first overseas assignment, she was told that she would receive a foreign service premium. Juanita will be on assignment for at least how long?
A) 12 months
B) 6 months
C) 3 months
D) 24 months
Q:
What are three challenges employers face when using foreign service premiums?
Q:
________ benefits allow for expatriates to take paid time off back in the United States.
Q:
________ premiums reward employees for moving from one assignment to another.
Q:
The ________ allowance compensates expatriates for their sacrifices while on assignment.
Q:
________ is the increase in prices for consumer goods and services.