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Q:
Which of the following items is least suited for 3-D printing?
A. Replacement automotive side mirror housing.
B. Preliminary design of a new office building.
C. Leg brace for a growing child.
D. Plastic logo key chain fobs for a national sales promotion.
Q:
Which of the following would NOT be considered an advantage of 3-D printing?
A. It allows distributed manufacturing.
B. It allows production of items with hard-to-produce dimensional characteristics.
C. It is expected to quickly replace traditional manufacturing.
D. It is expected to come down in price.
Q:
Which process best aligns with 3-D printing capability?
A. Continuous flow
B. Assembly line
C. Batch processing
D. Job shop
Q:
Which of the following is the most important role of marketing in the process selection decision?
A. Identifying points of differentiation for mass customization.
B. Stimulating demand in developing markets.
C. Providing translation of the voice of the customer.
D. Estimating and managing future demand.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a primary factor influencing process choice?
A. The availability of outsourced production.
B. Projected demand levels.
C. Rate of product innovation.
D. The nature of the labor force available.
Q:
Which of the following statements concerning make-to-order (MTO) is correct?
A. MTO eliminates the need for materials inventory.
B. MTO can include production of standardized products.
C. MTO orders are specified by the producer and stocked accordingly.
D. MTO performance is best measured by cost per item.
Q:
Which of the following statements about the evolution of production process and product life cycles is FALSE?
A. The process evolution typically begins with a jumbled flow job-shop process and proceeds towards increasing product standardization, process mechanization, and automation.
B. Examining the interrelationship between product and process life cycles facilitates the understanding of the strategic operations options available to a company.
C. Companies may seek a certain position on the product-process matrix to achieve a competitive advantage and a market niche.
D.Companies that can move the furthest off the product-process matrix diagonal are the most successful.
Q:
The focus of the factory may take shape around several dimensions. Which of the following is NOT a dimension for focusing operations?
A. Process type
B. Volume of sales
C. Technology
D. Capacity
Q:
A focused factory refers to
A. business process reengineering.
B. serving one mission or one order winner.
C. cost leadership, differentiation, and innovation.
D.lean production and process model of operations strategies.
Q:
Which of these factors should a company consider while deciding on a certain process choice?
A. Capital requirements, labor, technology, and market conditions.
B. Capital requirements, leadership skills, technology, and labor.
C. Technology, capital requirements, leadership skills, and market conditions.
D. Labor, raw material availability, market conditions, and capital requirements.
Q:
Make-to-stock (MTS) and make-to-order (MTO) choices each offer relative advantages and disadvantages. Which of the following statements is true?
A. MTO typically allows faster customer order response times.
B. MTS typically results in higher production system costs.
C. MTO typically allows for higher flexibility in product design offeringsD. MTO builds to replenish system inventories, rather than to customer orders.
Q:
An organizations process strategy must be linked with product plans and managements competitive priorities. Which company below is most likely to choose a batch flow production system?
A. Company 1: manufactures standardized products with an emphasis on high product quality.
B. Company 2: manufactures high-volume products with an emphasis on low cost per unit.
C. Company 3: manufactures customized products with an emphasis on flexible product designs.
D. Company 4: manufactures commodity products with an emphasis on short and reliable delivery schedules.
Q:
The project form of operations has several common characteristics. Which of the following is typically NOT a characteristic of projects?
A. High skill labor requirements.
B. Easy ability to automate tasks.
C. An interdependent sequence of tasks.
D.Typical high costs of production.
Q:
Batch flow production systems have a number of characteristics. Which of the following is typically NOT a characteristic of batch flow production systems?
A. Facility layout organized into work centers.
B. Variable-path work flows.
C. High skill labor requirements.
D. Special-purpose equipment.
Q:
Assembly lines have a number of characteristics. Which of the following is typically NOT a characteristic of assembly lines?
A. Narrow range of labor skill (low skill) requirements for an individual.
B. Highly standardized designs.
C. High equipment utilization and efficiency rates.
D.Variable-path work flows.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT one of the five classifications of process flows or forms?
A.Batch
B.Project
C.Variable
D.Continuous
Q:
Mass customization makes use of the concept of
A.economies of scale.
B.economies of scope.
C.economies of variety.
D.economies of customization.
Q:
Mass customization is defined as
A.producing whatever the customer wants.
B.making a small variety of products by use of mass production.
C.producing a large variety of products at approximately the same cost as mass production.
D.customizing products using economies of scale.
Q:
Which of the following are the three forms of mass customization?
A.Modular production, postponement, and efficient customer response.
B.Fast changeover, modular production, and make-to-stock.
C.Modular production, postponement, and fast changeover.
D.Assemble-to-order, modular production, and value analysis.
Q:
An example of an industry that produces a few major discrete products and uses a product layout is
A.commercial printer.
B.heavy equipment.
C.automotive assembly.
D.sugar refinery.
Q:
Which of the following is among the factors that influence process selection?
A.Capital requirements
B.Labor
C.Technology
D.All of the above
Q:
Service level and capacity utilization are performance measures of a _____ process.
A.make-to-stock
B.make-to-order
C.assemble-to-order
D.All of the above are true.
Q:
The type of processing system that has high product variety and moderate capital investment is
A.line.
B.continuous production.
C.project.
D.batch.
E.mass production.
Q:
The type of processing system that is used for complex jobs with a unique or creative set of activities and where automation is virtually impossible is
A.mass production.
B.continuous production.
C.project.
D.batch.
Q:
A _____ operation uses a process layout, while a ______ operation uses a product layout.
A.batch, assembly line
B.assembly line, batch
C.job shop, batch
D.continuous, assembly line
Q:
The type of processing system that is used for highly standardized products such as oil and gasoline is
A.mass production.
B.continuous process.
C.project.
D.batch.
Q:
An important lesson from the product-process matrix is
A.give importance to product choice decisions over process choice decisions.
B.give importance to process choice decisions over product choice decisions.
C.give importance to aligning product choice decisions and process choice decisions.
D.most firms should operate off the diagonal to achieve competitive status.
Q:
Referring to the product-process matrix, if a company has a few major products with high demand and a jumbled flow (job shop) process, we know the company
A.has a company strategy.
B.is on the diagonal of the matrix.
C.is further in its product life cycle than its process life cycle.
D.is further in its process life cycle than its product life cycle.
Q:
Identify the correct statement from the following:
A.A batch process is characterized by jumbled flow while an assembly line process is characterized by a sequential flow.
B.A project process is characterized by difficult planning and scheduling.
C.A job shop process is used to produce to customer order.
D.All of the above are true.
Q:
An entrepreneur is planning to start a factory to produce high-tech plastic containers in high volumes. She will use either an assembly line or batch process and has selected two possible sites, one in a small town and one in a big city. She has discovered the following: Based on the information just presented, which of the following should be chosen?
A.Assembly line in city.
B.Assembly line in small town.
C.Batch process in city.
D.Batch process in small town.
Q:
A make-to-order operation would be primarily concerned with
A.forecasting demand.
B.production planning.
C.balancing inventory and service.
D.lead time.
Q:
A company makes necklaces with attached letters. Department A manufactures the necklace chains and letters ahead of demand. Department B assembles the necklaces for specific names when orders are received. Departments A and B are, respectively,
A.make-to-stock, make-to-stock.
B.make-to-stock, assemble-to-order.
C.make-to-order, make-to-stock.
D.make-to-order, assemble-to-order.
Q:
Process efficiency is usually highest in which type of process?
A.Assembly line
B.Batch
C.Project
D.Job shop
Q:
2.The throughput ratio (TR) is the ratio of the total processing time for the job divided by
A.total waiting time.
B.utilization.
C.total waiting time plus total processing time.
D.100.
Q:
A large office with a printing department, a drafting department with all of the engineers located together, and all of the managers located together in a large suite of offices is an example of
A.an assembly line process.
B.a batch process.
C.a project process.
D.a continuous process.
Q:
Describe modular design. What are the desirable outcomes of modular design to the firm? To customers?
Q:
What criteria are important when a company is considering a supplier as a potential collaborator in new product development?
Q:
What are ways in which a company could collaborate with customers for new product design? Feedback: See below. Asking customers the right questions: What can we do to make your life easier or more productive?
Q:
Explain the information conveyed by various elements in the house of quality (quality function development or QFD).
Q:
Medtronic Inc. designs and manufacturers pacemakers, which are small metal cases that contain electronic circuitry and a battery to regulate a persons heartbeat. Describe the typical process that should be followed by Medtronic Inc. while developing a new generation of this technology. Feedback: See below.
Q:
If one doesnt already exist, a cross-functional team should be created once management agrees to proceed with the new product development.
Q:
Ideally, process design occurs immediately after the product is designed.
Q:
With the technology push view of new product introduction, technology and the market equally determine which products a firm should make.
Q:
ISO 9000 requires that a new product development process be defined and followed by a company.
Q:
Modular design offers new opportunities for product and process design.
Q:
Market pull is the best way to introduce new products.
Q:
Concurrent engineering works much better with product line extensions or products that serve familiar markets than entirely new products.
Q:
The first step in quality function development is to determine the customer attributes. The second step in QFD is to translate the customer attributes into target values.
Q:
Misalignments between operations and product design can occur in technology, infrastructure, rewards systems, and marketing.
Q:
Product design supports the business strategy.
Q:
Which of the following would NOT be a form of new product development collaboration with customers?
A.Providing them with prototypes or beta versions free, in exchange for their feedback.
B.Observing customers as they use existing products or services.
C.Simply asking customer what they want or need.
D. All of the above are recommended forms of collaboration with customers on new product development.
Q:
Which of the following statements is correct concerning concurrent engineering?
A.Marketing, engineering, and operations must put forth equal effort across the product development timeline.
B.A concurrent approach is like a relay race, with hand-offs from marketing to engineering, to operations.
C.Projects with high uncertainty may not be appropriate for concurrent approaches.
D. Concurrent engineering avoids the need for a cross-functional team.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a typical phase in the development of new products?
A.Concept development
B.Product development
C.Supplier development
D. Pilot production and testing
Q:
Which of the following statements concerning the new product development (NPD) process is correct?
A.One purpose of the NPD process is to avoid missing any critical issues in product development.
B.ISO-certified companies are required to have a prescribed NPD process.
C.Most companies have a formal NPD process already in place.
D. All of the above are correct.
Q:
Which of the following statements concerning the technology push strategy is FALSE?
A.A cross-functional team is key to this strategy.
B.Relatively little effort is spent understanding customer needs.
C.It is marketings role to create demand for technology push new products.
D. Products with superior technology have a natural market advantage.
Q:
Quality function deployment (QFD) can be used for which of the following?
A.Manufactured products such as automobiles, electronics, and appliances.
B.Services such as hair styling and pizza delivery.
C.Both of the above.
D. Neither of the above.
Q:
According to the text, which of the following is a prerequisite to mass customization?
A.Modular design
B.Cross-functional collaboration
C.Quality function deployment (QFD)
D. Concurrent engineering
Q:
What is shown by the chimney in the house of quality (QFD matrix)?
A.The relationships and trade-offs among the engineering characteristics.
B.A ranking of the relative importance of each customer attribute.
C.Engineering characteristics of the new product.
D. Customer attributes for the new product.
Q:
What element is shown along the left side of the quality function deployment (QFD) matrix?
A.Analysis of the competitive environment.
B.Target specifications for the new product.
C.Engineering characteristics of the new product.
D. Customer attributes for the new product.
Q:
Which of the following statements best match the concept of concurrent engineering?
A.An overlapping approach where all major functions (operations, engineering, marketing, finance) are involved in the new product design process.
B.A sequential approach where marketing (research) identifies the customer requirements and then hands it to engineering for design.
C.A sequential approach where engineering designs the product prototype and then hands it to operations for production.
D. An overlapping approach where marketing and logistics are involved in the new product development process.
Q:
When considering new product development, which of the following best describes technology misalignment?
A.Marketing creates specifications for a new product that engineering is unable to design.
B.Operations produces a product that is technologically inferior to a competitors product.
C. A new product designed by engineering cannot be made by operations.
D. None of the above correctly describes technology misalignment.
Q:
According to the text, which of the ways to introduce new products is most appealing and most difficult to implement
A.Interfunctional view
B.Technology push
C.Market pull
D. Sequential process
Q:
The Knee-Hugger Jeans Company makes designer jeans in six colors under a make-to-stock approach. Customers have expressed the desire to acquire these jeans in three different styles: regular, slim, and relaxed fit; with and without distressed tears in the fabric; and with one of four cuts for the pants leg: boot cut, bell-bottom cut, flared cut, or regular cut. How many different combinations of unique end products would this company have to inventory?
A.18
B.36
C.144
D. 160
Q:
Which of the following best describes the utility of the roof in the quality function deployment (QFD) matrix?
A.The roof relates the customer attributes (CA) to the engineering characteristics (EC).
B. The roof compares engineering characteristics (EC), which enables the study of any trade-offs among the EC.
C.The roof provides the relative importance of the customer attributes (CA).
D. The roof provides a competitive evaluation of the engineering characteristics (EC).
Q:
Which of the following statements concerning quality function deployment (QFD) is FALSE?
A.It facilitates including the voice of the customer in product design activities.
B.Mitsubishi introduced it in 1972.
C.QFD is a tool used to monitor the sampled output of high-volume operations continuously to ensure products continually meet technical design specifications during long production runs.
D. QFD promotes interfunctional collaboration.
Q:
Correctly complete the following sentence. Concurrent engineering is
A.a sequential attempt among functional disciplines to design new products.
B.a cross-functional approach to introduce new products to market.
C.an approach to new product introduction that requires participation of one single functional discipline at a time, thereby reducing new product development costs.
D. an approach to new product development that has resulted in a large number of prototype build and testing iterations.
Q:
The third common phase of product development focuses on pilot production and testing. Which of the following is NOT an activity of the pilot production and testing?
A.Prototype testing to ensure performance specifications are met.
B.Finalization of process design.
C.Introduction of full-scale production and market introduction.
D. Information package finalization.
Q:
The second common phase of product development focuses on product design. Which of the following is NOT typically an activity of the product design?
A.Physically designing the product, including consideration of trade-offs among product cost, quality, and schedule.
B.Pilot product testing by way of virtual prototype computer simulation.
C.Management commitment of project funding to build product.
D. Transmission of computer images and databases to production.
Q:
The common first phase of product development focuses on concept development. Which of the following is NOT an activity of concept development?
A.Generation and evaluation of several competing concepts.
B.Prototype building and testing.
C.Selection of best concept.
D. Top management approval to proceed to product development phase two.
Q:
There are three fundamentally different ways to introduce new products. Which of the following is NOT a new product introduction approach?
.Capacity choice
B.Market pull
C.Technology push
D. Interfunctional view
Q:
Product design decisions are strategically important for a variety of reasons. Which of the following statements concerning the importance of product design is FALSE?
A.Product design decisions provide firms with an important opportunity to enhance supply chain collaboration.
B.There is an obvious link between the design of new products and the long-term success of an organization.
C.Product design decisions typically account for an insignificant percent of a products postdevelopment production costs.
D. Product design decisions contribute to the attainment of strategic objectives, enabling a firm to maintain a competitive advantage.
Q:
Quality function deployment
A.is a tool for linking customer requirements to technical specifications.
B.facilitates interfunctional cooperation between marketing, engineering, and manufacturing.
C.relates engineering characteristics to each other.
D.all of the above.
Q:
When marketing, engineering, and operations simultaneously develop a product, this approach is known as
A.sequential process.
B.traditional approach.
C.concurrent engineering.
D.none of the above.
Q:
In which phase of the new product design process should considerations about trade-offs among product cost, quality, and schedule be made?
A.Concept development
B.Product design
C.Preliminary process design
D.Pilot production/testing
Q:
The concept that a product should not only fit the market needs but have a technical advantage as well is known as the
A.market pull approach to new product introduction.
B.technology push approach to new product introduction.
C.interfunctional view to new product introduction.
D.dual approach to new product introduction.
Q:
Quality function deployment includes which of the following? (1) Relative importance of customer attributes, (2) tolerance stack-up, (3) a comparison to the competitor's product, (4) engineering characteristics, (5) customer perceptions, (6) customer attributes, (7) variation around a target, (8) value analysis.
A.3, 5, 6, 7, 8
B.1, 3, 4, 5, 6
C.1, 2, 4, 6, 7
D.2, 5, 6, 7, 8
Q:
Quality function deployment
A.links customer requirements to technical specifications.
B.eliminates customer attributes.
C.depends only on engineering characteristics.
D.assumes that interactions between engineering characteristics are unimportant.
Q:
Typical misalignments between product design and operations include
A.technology, reward systems, and infrastructure.
B.technology, process, and design.
C.technology, culture, and hierarchy.
D.none of the above.
Q:
Modular design involves
A.dividing the production process into separate work units.
B.dividing the products into product lines.
C.dividing the products into their similar components.
D.dividing the products into different cost categories.
Q:
A restaurant offers a "customer's choice" sandwich for which the customer specifies the bread, meat, cheese, and topping he or she wants. There are three types of bread, three types of meat, three types of cheese, and four types of topping. How many different sandwiches can the restaurant make?
A.4
B.27
C.108
D.162