Q&A Hero

Earth Science

Q: In order to study the planetesimal hypothesis, astronomers study this process in other parts of the Galaxy.
Q: According to the planetesimal hypothesis, solar systems condense from nebular dust and gas.
Q: The Earth's axis is titled 19.5 relative to the plane of the ecliptic.
Q: Earth is closest to the Sun in early July.
Q: Earth is farthest from the Sun at perihelion and closest at aphelion.
Q: Our solar system is located towards the middle of the Milky Way galaxy.
Q: Earth is closest to the Sun in early January.
Q: A light-year is an astronomical unit of length equal to approximately 9.5 trillion kilometers.
Q: At the speed of light, Earth is an average of only 6 minutes and 40 seconds from the Sun.
Q: The Milky Way is about 100,000 light-years from side to side.
Q: The Milky Way galaxy contains approximately 300 billion stars, of which the Sun is an average.sized star.
Q: The Solar System, Sun, and Earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago.
Q: Which of the following is an example of humans influencing solar energy or seasonality?A) Solar winds affect communication systems on the Earth.B) Seasonal change determines the rhythm of life and food resources.C) Solar energy drives ecosystem processes that benefit humans.D) Longer summers due to climate change have altered migration patterns of some animals.
Q: Which of the following is true regarding the point of sunrise for a location in the northern hemisphere? A) It migrates from southeast to northeast from winter to summer. B) It remains fixed throughout the year; only the Sun's altitude changes. C) It moves to the south from winter to summer. D) It is along the western horizon in summer, and the eastern horizon in winter.
Q: Which of the following relationships is incorrect? A) December solstice - subsolar point at 23.5 S latitude B) March equinox - subsolar point at 0 latitude C) June 21 - subsolar point at 23.5 N latitude D) June solstice - subsolar point at 23.5 N latitude E) September equinox - subsolar point at 23.5 S latitude
Q: The longest days of the year in the Northern Hemisphere are experienced during the A) time of 24-hour days at the South Pole. B) vernal equinox. C) winter solstice. D) autumnal equinox. E) time that the Sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer.
Q: The longest days of the year in the Southern Hemisphere are experienced during the Northern Hemisphere's A) Summer solstice. B) Spring equinox. C) Winter solstice. D) earlier than during daylight savings time only.
Q: The Tropic of Cancer refers to A) the parallel that occurs at 23.5 south latitude. B) the location of the subsolar point on September 22. C) the parallel that is the farthest northern location for the subsolar point during the year. D) 0 latitude when the Sun crosses the equator.
Q: For observers in the Norther Hemisphere, which of the following is true? A) Daylength becomes increasingly longer during the period from the summer solstice until the winter solstice. B) Daylength decreases from the winter solstice until the vernal equinox, when it begins to increase. C) Daylength is longest on the summer solstice and is shortest on the winter solstice. D) Daylength variations are negligible for all locations throughout the year except above the Arctic Circle.
Q: On June 21, the Sun never sets at Finn's location. Based on this, it can be concluded that Finn lives A) between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle. B) between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle. C) above the Arctic Circle. D) below the Antarctic Circle.
Q: While standing at the Tropic of Cancer, Emma's shadow points north at noon (Sun time). Based on this, which of the following can be definitely concluded? A) It must be the summer solstice. B) It must be the winter solstice. C) It must be one of the equinoxes. D) It must not be the summer solstice. E) It must not be the winter solstice.
Q: Which of the following is true for the June Solstice? A) The subsolar point is at the equator. B) The Arctic Circle is completely within the circle of illumination. C) The Antarctic Circle is completely within the circle of illumination. D) The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 S).
Q: Which of the following is correct relative to insolation at the thermopause? A) In June, the North Pole receives over 500 watts per per day. B) In June, the South Pole receives over 550 watts per per day. C) Throughout the year, the equatorial receipt varies between 100 and 400 watts per per day. D) It receives an average amount of insolation equal to 100 watts per per day.
Q: What is a geographic information system? What are some potential GIS applications?
Q: Distinguish between active and passive remote sensing, and describe the applications of each.
Q: What is GPS? Give several examples of its utility in physical geography.
Q: List and briefly describe Earth's four spheres.
Q: How can feedback affect a system? Give examples of positive and negative feedback.
Q: Use examples to distinguish positive and negative feedback loops.
Q: Use examples to distinguish an open system from a closed system.
Q: What is a hypothesis? How does it differ from a theory?
Q: Follow the scientific method from the initial perception of phenomena to a general theory about the phenomena.
Q: Describe what distinguishes physical geography from human and cultural geography.
Q: Why is the term "spatial" so important in geography?
Q: What are the three primary methods of expressing scale on maps?
Q: What are the four classes of map projections?
Q: What is a great circle? What are small circles?
Q: What is geodesy?
Q: Describe the differences between matter and energy.
Q: What are the Earth's abiotic and biotic systems?
Q: Briefly describe the difference between a system and a model.
Q: List the five principal themes of modern geographic education.
Q: Global positioning systems, while useful in navigation, have little utility in physical geography.
Q: A geographic information system is unable to create maps with a three-dimensional perspective.
Q: LiDAR is an example of passive remote sensing.
Q: GIS can create dynamic maps for visualization purposes.
Q: GIS use satellites to find locations precisely.
Q: The Landsat series of satellites is an example of passive remote sensing.
Q: A sensor that measures the emitted radiation of an object is an example of passive remote sensing.
Q: A rhumb line is a line of constant direction (crosses all meridians at the same angle).
Q: Maps that are intended to show spatial distributions should be based on projections that minimize area distortion, rather than shape distortion.
Q: A standard parallel is a line of tangency.
Q: A Mercator projection preserves area of all poleward geographic features.
Q: An equivalent map projection preserves true shape.
Q: The globe is the only map that accurately portrays all spatial relationships characteristic of Earth's surface.
Q: A large scale map shows a large area, but with less detail than a small scale map.
Q: A map scale of 1:24,000 is considered a small scale as compared to a scale of 1:20,900,000, which is considered a large scale.
Q: There are 48 time zones, each approximately 7.5 in width.
Q: A great circle route is the shortest distance between any two points on Earth's surface.
Q: When Daylight Saving Time is in effect, clocks "spring forward" one hour in the Spring (Example: 1:00 A.M. becomes 2:00 A.M.) and "fall back" one hour in the Fall (Example: 2:00 A.M. becomes 1:00 A.M.).
Q: If it is July 3rd in Tokyo (139 E), it is July 4th in Los Angeles (118 W).
Q: The day officially changes on Earth at the prime meridian.
Q: All parallels are 360 in length.
Q: A meridian is 360 in length.
Q: The prime meridian and the 180th meridian are opposite halves of the same great circle.
Q: Coordinated Universal Time is the present name for world standard time.
Q: Clocks that operated without a pendulum had to be invented before longitude at sea could be calculated.
Q: Observers in the southern hemisphere use the North Star (Polaris) to determine their latitude.
Q: Latitude is easily determined using celestial objects whereas longitude is not easily calculated in such a manner and requires time-keeping devices.
Q: "Longitude" is the name of an angle, and "meridian" is the name of an imaginary line that connects all points along the same longitude.
Q: Latitude is the angular distance measured north or south of the equator from the center of Earth and it describes a parallel line on the surface.
Q: Longitude measures distances east or west of a prime meridian on Earth's surface.
Q: Photosynthesis in a plant leaf is an example of an open-system operation.
Q: Geodesy is the science concerned with the size and shape of the Earth.
Q: A model is essentially a simplification of natural systems.
Q: The "balance of nature" that characterizes well-functioning ecosystems occurs because of predominantly positive feedback mechanisms.
Q: Negative feedback tends to stabilize a system.
Q: Positive feedback tends to amplify or encourage response in system operations.
Q: Conditions that change in an experiment or model are called variables.
Q: The geographic theme of place refers to absolute and relative position on Earth.
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