Q&A Hero

Q: In Nix v. Williams (1984), the United States Supreme Court established the inevitable discovery exception to the exclusionary rule.a. Trueb. False

Q: Chief Justice Earl Warren established a strict code of conduct for police officers in the way that police handled criminal defendants. a. True b. False

Q: Miranda warnings must be issued in written form and signed or initialed by the suspect. a. Trueb. False

Q: The Fourth Amendment means nothing without the exclusionary rule. a. Trueb. False

Q: Miranda warnings were established by the Supreme Court in Weeks v. U.S. (1914).a. Trueb. False

Q: Miranda warnings involve the right to counsel and the right to remain silent. a. Trueb. False

Q: Police rarely use deception when interrogating a suspect. a. Trueb. False

Q: Miranda warnings must be read to a suspect when he/she is taken into custody. a. Trueb. False

Q: Miranda warnings have had serious implications for law enforcement and the techniques used for interrogation. a. Trueb. False

Q: Police officers must provide Miranda warnings if they approach someone on the street and begin questioning. a. Trueb. False

Q: Consent searches are unconstitutional under the Fourth Amendment. a. Trueb. False

Q: In a pat-down by an officer, items that are identifiable by touch cannot be seized as evidence. a. Trueb. False

Q: If a person is growing marijuana in plain sight, a police officer does not need a warrant to search and seize the evidence. a. True b. False

Q: Police officers need to obtain a warrant before searching the trunk of a car. a. Trueb. False

Q: The totality of circumstances test is used to determine if sufficient evidence exists for a search warrant. a. Trueb. False

Q: Police cannot rely on smell as a sense in conducting a warrantless search. a. Trueb. False

Q: Police officers can rely on a variety of senses to justify a warrantless search. a. Trueb. False

Q: The Fourth Amendment requires that probable cause be established before a warrant is provided. a. Trueb. False

Q: Police officers cannot stop and frisk suspects even if they have reasonable suspicion. a. Trueb. False

Q: The Fourth Amendment contains the unreasonable search and seizure clause. a. Trueb. False

Q: Police officers can conduct a warrant search without probable cause. a. Trueb. False

Q: When improperly obtained evidence is used because it would later have been discovered anyway even without improper actions by the police, this is called the ________________.

Q: _____means that the officers acted with the honest belief that they were following the proper rules and are not subject to the exclusionary rule.

Q: If citizens are not free to leave when officers assert their authority to stop someone, this is considered __________.

Q: Chief Justice ___________established the Miranda warnings.

Q: The Court created the stop and frisk exception in ______________.

Q: If a person is placed under arrest, then they forfeit their Fourth Amendment rights. This is called ___________.

Q: If a person waives his/her Fourth Amendment rights, this is referred to as a ___________search.

Q: The stop and frisk exception is considered a _____________search.

Q: The Supreme Court ruled that officers are permitted to intrude on private lands that are open areas in the case of _________________.

Q: The ____ gives property owners no reasonable expectation of privacy in fields on and around their property.

Q: The ______________permits officers to notice and use as evidence items that are visible to them.

Q: _______ are actions by law enforcement officials that intrude upon people's reasonable expectations of privacy.

Q: The search and seizure clause is found in the _____________Amendment.

Q: Criminal defendants' rights are found in the _____________.

Q: Police officers must establish _________to obtain a warrant.

Q: Based on the ruling set forth in Berghuis v. Thompson,what must a suspect do to end questioning?a. Immediately remain silentb. Immediately state he is asserting his right to remain silent to end questioning c. Answer some questions and not othersd. Request additional time to respond at a later point

Q: In what case did the United States Supreme Court concluded that a suspect being questioned cannot assert his right to remain silent by remaining silent in the face of continued questioning by the officer? a. Roper v. Simmons b. Berghuis v. Thompson c. Florida v. Powell d. New York v. Quarles

Q: How did the US Supreme Court rule in the recent Arizona v. Gant case on searches?a. It upheld the ruling of the Arizona Supreme Court that the search of Gant's vehicle was an unreasonable searchb. It reversed the ruling of the Arizona Supreme Court and upheld the search by officer's as reasonablec. It did not rule on the issue, but remanded the case back the Arizona State Supreme Courtd. It upheld the ruling of the Arizona Supreme Court that the search was a reasonable search.

Q: Which of the following does not allow the use of the exclusionary rule?a. murder trial b. federal courtc. state courts with no appellate system d. grand jury proceedings

Q: The United States Supreme Court created the good faith exception in the case of a. Nix v. Williams (1980)b. Hester v. U.S. (1924)c. Texas v. Johnson (1989)d. U.S. v. Leon (1984)

Q: The Supreme Court created the inevitable discovery exception to the exclusionary rule in the case of a. Nix v. Williams (1980)b. West Coast Hotel v. Parrish (1935)c. Weeks v. U.S. (1914)d. Brown v. Mississippi (1936)

Q: The Supreme Court created the exclusionary rule in the case of a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)b. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)c. Minnesota v. Dickerson (1993)d. Weeks v. U.S. (1914)

Q: Many police actions fall under which Amendment?a. the Fourth b. the Eighth c. the Firstd. the Third

Q: Which chief justice of the United States Supreme Court began to create exceptions to the exclusionary rule?a. Earl Warrenb. Warren Burger c. Harlan Stoned. William Howard Taft

Q: In the 1980s, which of the following statements is true concerning the United States Supreme Court's treatment of the exclusionary rule?a. the Court expanded the rule to protect criminal defendants b. the Court abolished the rulec. the Court created exceptions to limit the applicability of the rule d. the Court did not change the rule in terms of in its application

Q: The United States Supreme Court applied the Fourth Amendment to the states in a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)b. Terry v. Ohio (1968)c. Chimel v. California (1969)d. Wolf v. Colorado (1949)

Q: The Supreme Court recently repeated its endorsement of the Miranda requirement in a. Kyllo v. U.S. (2001)b. Maryland v. Wilson (1997)c. Dickerson v. U.S. (2000)d. Romer v. Evans (1995)

Q: Who wrote the Supreme Court's opinion in Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?a. Hugo Blackb. William Brennanc. Earl Warrend. Thurgood Marshall

Q: When an urgent situation of significant social importance outweighs the necessity of respecting individuals' rights, this is referred to as thea. plain view exceptionb. public safety exceptionc. exigent circumstances exception d. stop and frisk exception

Q: Which two decisions by the Supreme Court laid the foundation for Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?a. Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) and Massiah v. U. S. (1964) b. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) and Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) c. Wolf v. Colorado (1949) and Mapp v. Ohio (1961)d. Wolf v. Colorado (1949) and Rochin v. California (1952)

Q: The Supreme Court ruled that statements produced after police beat suspects were inadmissible in a. Myers v. U.S. (1923)b. West Coast Hotel v. Parrish (1935)c. Chimel v. California (1969)d. Brown v. Mississippi (1936)

Q: Which of the following are involved in the Miranda warnings?a. right to an attorney b. right to remain silentc. statements made can be used against a suspect d. all of the above

Q: Miranda rights are drawn from the a. Fourth and Fifth Amendmentb. Fifth and Sixth Amendmentsc. Seventh and Eighth Amendments d. Eighth and Ninth Amendments

Q: Which of the following is not part of the Miranda warnings?a. the right to an attorney during interrogation b. the right to remain silentc. any statement that you decide to make can be used against you in court d. the right to a speedy trial

Q: Which of the following is contained in the Fifth Amendment?a. right to counselb. right to remain silent c. free speech clause d. warrant clause

Q: The United States Supreme Court established that criminal defendants must be read their rights in a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)b. Terry v. Ohio (1968)c. Chimel v. California (1969)d. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Q: Which of the following is contained in the Fourth Amendment?a. right to bear armsb. privilege against self-incrimination c. right to an attorneyd. warrant clause

Q: According to U.S. v. Drayton (2002), police officers:a. must notify citizens they have the right to say "no" to a search b. must notify a citizen of their right against self-incriminationc. must notify a citizen of their right to an attorneyd. are not obligated to notify citizens they have a right to say "no" to a search

Q: Which of the following is FALSE concerning search warrants?a. police officers must provide reliable information when obtaining a search warrant b. police officers must identify the "things" to be searchedc. police officers are allowed to conduct warrantless searches under certain circumstancesd. police officers do need a search warrant, even if a person waives his/her Fourth Amendment rights

Q: What is the purpose of allowing searches incident to lawful arrests?a. to ensure the safety of officersb. to make sure the arrestee does not fleec. to ensure the arrestee shows the proper respect to the police d. to make sure the arrest proceeds smoothly

Q: The United States Supreme Court developed the "stop and frisk" exception whereby a police officer could pat down a suspicious person without a warrant in the landmark case of a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) b. Terry v. Ohio (1968) c. Chimel v. California (1969) d. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Q: In what case did the Court decide that the "plain view" doctrine permits officers to notice and use as evidence items that are visible to them when they are in a location that they are permitted to be? a. Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1971) b. Hester v. U.S. (1924) c. Minnesota v. Dickerson (1993) d. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Q: Which of the following senses can be used to justify a warrantless search?a. feel b. hear c. sightd. all of the above

Q: Which doctrine permits officers to notice and use as evidence items that are visible to them when they are in a location that they are permitted to be?a. plain view doctrineb. public safety doctrinec. exigent circumstances doctrine d. stop and frisk doctrine

Q: In what circumstance is the totality of circumstances used?a. to determine whether an offender is guilty b. to determine whether to indict a suspectc. to determine whether probable cause existsd. to determine whether police acted appropriately

Q: A significant deprivation of liberty because a person is taken into police custody, transported to the police station or jail, and processed into the criminal justice system is called a(n)a. search b. stopc. arrestd. interrogation

Q: A brief interference with a person's freedom of movement with a duration that can be measured in minutes is called a(n)a. search b. stopc. arrestd. interrogation

Q: Lawsuits brought by citizens against police are known as ___________suits.

Q: A group of citizens that investigates behavior by police officers or a police department is known as a ______________.

Q: ____________units receive and investigate complaints against officers.

Q: An officer who lies, under oath, in order to provide an alibi for a fellow officer engaged in illegal activity, is guilty of _____________.

Q: If a police officer demands that a business purchase tickets to a police function, this is called _____________.

Q: The _____ was passed after the attacks on September 11, 2001 increased governmental power to search and surveil those suspected of committing terrorism.

Q: ___________aggressively misuse their power for personal gain.

Q: __________are officers who accept payoffs that circumstances of police work bring their way.

Q: The advancement of new technologies in police work can be found in:a. body armorb. gun-shot detection c. airport scannersd. all of the above

Q: Which model lets officers contract independently with permission?a. officer contract modelb. conflict of interest model c. union brokerage modeld. department contract model

Q: Which model designed to manage off-duty employment of officers permits close control by police supervisors of the off-duty work performed by their officers?a. officer contract modelb. conflict of interest model c. union brokerage modeld. department contract model

Q: Which of the following is true about public police officers working for private firms? a. Congress passed a law prohibiting it. b. If they work for private firms they never retain their full powers as officers c. With proper agreements within the police agency, officers may work for private firms and retain full officer powers d. police officers never work for private firms