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Criminal Law
Q:
_______are responsible for a significant amount of delinquency in communities and also have thrived within the correctional facilities.
Q:
The Supreme Court Case of _________extended due process rights to juveniles.
Q:
______ruled that juvenile offenders cannot be sentenced to life imprisonment without possibility of parole (LWOP) for non-homicide crimes.
Q:
In Miller v. Alabama (2012) the Court deemed _________unconstitutional for juvenile homicide offenders. a. executionsb. probationc. mandatory LWOPd. boot camps
Q:
Roper v. Simmons (2005) ruled that ______ were unconstitutional for crimes committed by those younger than 18 years of age.a. parole boards b. executionsc. life sentencesd. boot camps
Q:
The upper age limit for original juvenile court jurisdiction is ________. a. 16b. 17 c. 18 d. 19
Q:
Status offenders make up about _______percent of the juvenile court caseload. a. 10b. 20 c. 30 d. 40
Q:
A ______ child either has no parent or guardian or is receiving inadequate care because of the physical or mental disability of the parent. a. neglectedb. PINSc. dependent d. delinquent
Q:
_______ is the trial stage of the juvenile justice process. a. Waiverb. Transferc. Dispositiond. Adjudication
Q:
Tyson has just been adjudicated guilty for cyber stalking in the juvenile justice system in the state in which he resides. This is his second offense. His first offense was dismissed. Tyson's actual crime included sending threatening and lewd comments to a classmate on facebook. Tyson feels as though his responses were justified comments that had been directed to him earlier in the year.Tyson is not alone in his cyberbullying actions. He is one of percent of juveniles who use their computers to bully others.a. 10 b. 20 c. 25 d. 30
Q:
Tyson has just been adjudicated guilty for cyber stalking in the juvenile justice system in the state in which he resides. This is his second offense. His first offense was dismissed. Tyson's actual crime included sending threatening and lewd comments to a classmate on facebook. Tyson feels as though his responses were justified comments that had been directed to him earlier in the year.Tyson's delinquent behavior would actually be called ________. a. cyberbullyingb. cybercrimec. cyber controld. cyber incentives
Q:
Will is a 15 year old man who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his friends making fun of him for being "too good". Will's parents are terrified that his poor decision making will ruin his future.Will and his family are seeking a _________where they could avoid the courtroom altogether. a. adjudicationb. detention hearing c. diversiond. disposition
Q:
Will is a 15 year old man who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his friends making fun of him for being "too good". Will's parents are terrified that his poor decision making will ruin his future.Will's case will most likely begin with a referral in the form of a ____________. a. diversionb. detention hearing c. adjudicationd. petition
Q:
Will is a 15 year old man who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his friends making fun of him for being "too good". Will's parents are terrified that his poor decision making will ruin his future.Considering Will's truancy violation, he may be considered a ________, depending on the outcome of the shoplifting case.a. dependent b. delinquent c. neglected d. PINS
Q:
Will is a 15 year old man who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his friends making fun of him for being "too good". Will's parents are terrified that his poor decision making will ruin his future.Will's truancy violation would be an example of a ________ offense. a. criminalb. juvenile c. statusd. delinquent
Q:
Maria is a 16 year old Hispanic female from South Carolina who has been charged with assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill. Maria used a baseball bat to beat a classmate close to death leaving the victim with brain damage. The judge will render her decision tomorrow if Maria should be tried as an adult or if the case she stay within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court system. Currently, Maria is being held in an institution until an appropriate decision can be made.Maria is not released to go home with her parents. She is going to be held in a ________. a. treatment facilityb. detention facilityc. substance abuse facility d. prison
Q:
Maria is a 16 year old Hispanic female from South Carolina who has been charged with assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill. Maria used a baseball bat to beat a classmate close to death leaving the victim with brain damage. The judge will render her decision tomorrow if Maria should be tried as an adult or if the case she stay within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court system. Currently, Maria is being held in an institution until an appropriate decision can be made.Maria will most likely not be waived to the adult court system due to the fact that waived cases only make up _________percent of delinquency cases. a. 1b. 5 c. 8 d. 10
Q:
Maria is a 16 year old Hispanic female from South Carolina who has been charged with assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill. Maria used a baseball bat to beat a classmate close to death leaving the victim with brain damage. The judge will render her decision tomorrow if Maria should be tried as an adult or if the case she stay within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court system. Currently, Maria is being held in an institution until an appropriate decision can be made.If Maria's case stays within the juvenile justice system, she would be labeled a __________ child. a. delinquentb. neglected c. dependent d. pins
Q:
Maria is a 16 year old Hispanic female from South Carolina who has been charged with assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill. Maria used a baseball bat to beat a classmate close to death leaving the victim with brain damage. The judge will render her decision tomorrow if Maria should be tried as an adult or if the case she stay within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court system. Currently, Maria is being held in an institution until an appropriate decision can be made.The judge in Maria's case will determine if she is to be tried in the adult court system. She will due this by issuing a judicial _________.a. diversion b. warrantc. judgement d. waiver
Q:
Under the doctrine of _____ , which held the king to be the father of the realm, the chancery courts exercised protective jurisdiction over all children, particularly those involved in questions of dependency, neglect, and property.a. stubborn child law b. parens patriaec. Gaultd. In re Winship
Q:
The system and philosophy of juvenile justice that began in the United States during the social reform period of the late nineteenth century was based on the idea that the state should act as a _____ in advancing the interest of the child.a. parent b. teacherc. caretakerd. spiritual advisor
Q:
What new crimes does new technology pose to the Juvenile Justice System?
Q:
Based on case law, to what extent should school officials be permitted to conduct strip searches on students?
Q:
Based on recent case law, is it appropriate that juveniles cannot receive life sentences without the chance of parole for non-homicide cases?
Q:
If the goal of the juvenile court is to protect juveniles and "act as parent," how might you explain the movement toward punitiveness since the 1980's?
Q:
The terms used to refer to juvenile offenders were changed (from arrest to referral; from sentence to disposition, etc.). Why was this done, and did it do anything to help juveniles?
Q:
What is the role of the police is handling juvenile cases? Do police handle juveniles differently than adults?
Q:
Why have criminologists had difficulty explaining the rise in youth crime that peaked in 1993?
Q:
Juvenile courts are simpler than adult courts.a. Trueb. False
Q:
Only 10% of juveniles are placed on probation and released to the custody of a parent or guardian. a. Trueb. False
Q:
A predominant goal within juvenile corrections is to avoid unnecessary incarceration. a. Trueb. False
Q:
A child's behavioral history affects the disposition of a case of juvenile delinquency. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The juvenile function of police work is concerned largely with order maintenance. a. Trueb. False
Q:
A juvenile cannot waive his right to counsel or protection against self-incrimination. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Unlike regular police officers, juvenile officers exercise little discretion in processing offenders. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Many police departments have special juvenile units. a. Trueb. False
Q:
In theory, juvenile proceedings are designed to be non-adversarial. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Congress has declared that all offenses committed by juveniles are federal offenses. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Federal guidelines dictate that all states must handle juvenile cases in the same way. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Based on information contained on the companion website, the juvenile system in Norway is identical to that in the United States. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The punitive period in juvenile justice was called the juvenile rights period a. Trueb. False
Q:
Smoking cigarettes is a status offense for a juvenile. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The standard of proof for juveniles to become classified as delinquents is "beyond a reasonable doubt." a. Trueb. False
Q:
Juveniles have always retained due process rights in the United States. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Juveniles and adults have identical kinds of offenses classified as crimes. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Delinquent children often have committed offenses that would be classified as criminal if they were adults. a. Trueb. False
Q:
In Roper v. Simmons, the Supreme Court decided that juveniles were less culpable than adults due to developmental and maturity differences.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The juvenile justice system in the United States did not develop until the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The idea that children should be treated differently than adults originated in the common law and courts of England. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Youth gangs are NOT a problem today in American cities as they were in the past. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The epidemic of youth violence in the United States occurred simultaneously with an increase in drug arrests. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Females constitute almost one-half of all juvenile arrests. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The process of determining whether a juvenile is guilty of a crime is known as ____________.
Q:
Only a small percentage of juvenile arrest are for homicide. a. Trueb. False
Q:
A (n) ______ hearing is a hearing by the juvenile court to determine if a juvenile should be detained or released prior to adjudication.
Q:
The process of screening children out of the juvenile justice system without a court decision is called ______________.
Q:
The United States Supreme Court ruled in _____ v. _______ that school officials may search a student if reasonable suspicion exists.
Q:
In 1979, in the case of _____ v. _______ , the U. S. Supreme Court ruled that a child may waive his or her right to an attorney and his or her right to remain silent.
Q:
A child who is not receiving proper care because of action or inaction by his or her parent is considered a(n) ___________ child.
Q:
A child who committed an act that if committed by an adult would be criminal is considered a(n) ____________.
Q:
The punitive era of juvenile justice (from 1980 to the present) is known as the _________ period.
Q:
A ____ is any act committed by a juvenile that is considered unacceptable for a child but is not considered a crime for an adult.
Q:
The first law pertaining to juveniles in the United States was called the Massachusetts Law.
Q:
The __________ period of juvenile justice viewed the offending child as evil.
Q:
The doctrine of _____ means the state is the parent and guardian of all citizens who are unable to protect themselves.
Q:
The first reform school opened in 1848 and was called the ___________School for Boys.
Q:
Juveniles who harass or intimidate other juveniles using cell phones, email, and the Internet are engaging in __________.
Q:
Curfew violations and loitering are referred to as __________crimes.
Q:
This child has been determined to receive inadequate care because of some action or inaction on the part of the parentsa. dependent child b. neglected childc. PIN Person In Need of Supervision d. Delinquent
Q:
_______occurs when a juvenile has his or her case transferred to the adult criminal court system. a. Diversionb. Institutionalization c. Waiverd. Exception
Q:
How have the conservative crime control policies that have hit the adult criminal justice system influenced juvenile justice?a. they have caused under-crowding in juvenile institutions b. increased litigation challenging the abuse of childrenc. lower rates of minority youth incarceration d. all of the above
Q:
Which of the following statements is true concerning juvenile court?a. juvenile court is highly centralized at the state levelb. juvenile court is a complex institution performing a wide variety of functions c. juvenile court maintains separation between goals and valuesd. juvenile court controls and understands the causes of juvenile crime
Q:
Consider the information presented in the chart below. How are African American youth most likely to be overrepresented in the juvenile justice system?a. juvenile arrests for violent crime index offenses b. juveniles in residential placementc. cases judicially waived to criminal courtd. delinquency cases resulting in residential placement
Q:
Public support on handling delinquent juveniles is strongest for:a. a rehabilitative emphasis b. a punitive emphasisc. a protective emphasis d. a retributive emphasis
Q:
Which of the following is NOT one of the main concepts of juvenile justice?a. Deinstitutionalization b. Due processc. Diversiond. Detoxification
Q:
What was the focus of the Supreme Court case that marked the beginning of the "Kids are Different" era?a. legalization of the juvenile lawb. establishment of separate system for juveniles c. deinstitutionalization of status offendersd. elimination of the death penalty for juveniles
Q:
What was the central purpose of Boston's "Operation Ceasefire"?a. eliminating juvenile drug use b. reducing gang violencec. helping police clear homicide casesd. successful reentry of juvenile offenders
Q:
The juvenile court processing of delinquency cases typically begins with a(n)... a. intake hearingb. Petitionc. Disposition d. Diversion
Q:
Which of the following is NOT true about a juvenile officer?a. juvenile officers are selected and trained to relate effectively to youths b. juvenile officers are knowledgeable about legal issuesc. juvenile officers are sensitive to the needs of young offendersd. juvenile officers have less discretion than regular officers in processing young offenders
Q:
The juvenile function of police work is concerned largely with a. servicing the communityb. preventing crimec. order maintenanced. arresting drug offenders