Q&A Hero

Q: We make ethical judgments using rationales derived from traditional and historical ethical systems.

Q: The first step in analyzing an ethical dilemma is to consider the underlying values of each of the involved parties.

Q: The primary distinction between ethical issues and ethical dilemmas is that issues are broad and dilemmas are specific.

Q: Moral culpability is assigned to all human beings since we all have the ability to decide what is good or bad.

Q: Moral judgments must involve an actual act, not just a thought or belief.

Q: Committing suicide on a desert island falls within the sphere of moral judgment.

Q: Imperfect duties are general duties that should be upheld but do not have a specific application as to when or how.

Q: Superogatories are actions that a moral person must perform.

Q: In common usage, the terms "ethical" and "moral" are often considered as being interchangeable.

Q: According to your text, prosecutors face the most public scrutiny of all criminal justice professionals.

Q: By allowing his personal views to result in unequal treatment of members of the public, Officer Smith is in violation of his: a. professional ethics. b. normative ethics. c. superogative duty. d. imperfect duty.

Q: The officer's perception of correct behavior and his "moral duty" is based on his ethical system. This in known as: a. professional ethics b. normative ethics c. superogative duty d. imperfect duty

Q: By allowing the first couple to leave without being cited, despite the fact that technically they were guilty of an infraction, the Officer Smith was exhibiting: a. normative ethics b. malfeasance c. discretion d. an ethical dilemma

Q: By relating his ethical principles to this specific issue, the judge is providing an example of:a. meta-ethicsb. normative ethicsc. applied ethicsd. universal ethics

Q: By obtaining the facts and then using objective reasoning to most effectively reach a decision, the judge is exhibiting: a. wholesight b. critical thinking c. legal discretion d. a value system

Q: The judge has determined that John is not to be held responsible because he (John) lacks: a. wholesight. b. discretion. c. a proper value system. d. free will.

Q: As opposed to the neighbor, the firefighters who attempted to save Larry were performing a(n):a. duty.b. discretionary act.c. imperfect duty.d. superogatory.

Q: The neighbor who tore away the screening hesitated at first because he was of the belief that it was wrong to destroy another's property. At the same time, he also was of the belief that he should rescue the dog. These conflicting beliefs constituted a(n): a. "contradiction of values." b. superogatory. c. ethical dilemma. d. legal contradiction.

Q: The neighbor who entered the burning house was frightened but had always valued the concept of heroism. Now faced with the opportunity, he chose to act heroically. In this example, heroism is an example of a(n): a. imperfect duty b. universal obligation c. personal obligation d. moral obligation

Q: The neighbor who entered the burning house was performing a: a. moral imperative b. superogatory action c. professional duty d. discretionary duty

Q: According to the text, the last step necessary to clarify any dilemma is:a. identify of potential values involved.b. review all the facts.c. identify all possible moral dilemmas.d. resolve the ethical dilemma by using some means of decision making.

Q: Which of the following is not one of the five steps necessary to clarify any dilemma presented in your text? a. identify of potential values involved b. review all the facts c. identify all possible moral dilemmas d. seek the advice of moral or ethical judges

Q: According to the text, the first step necessary to clarify any dilemma is: a. identify of potential values involved b. review all the facts c. identify all possible moral dilemmas d. interview all those involved

Q: Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma? a. racial profiling b. decriminalizing soft drugs c. the Patriot Act d. a judge reinstating a death sentence in a case

Q: Which of the following statements represents an example of an ethical dilemma? a. what laws to pass b. what sentences to attach to certain crimes c. whether the state should abolish the death penalty d. whether you should use marijuana for medicinal purposes

Q: Which of the following best describes a situation in which one person must make a decision about what to do? a. ethical issues b. ethical dilemmas c. ethical ruse d. ethical crisis

Q: Which of the following is not an example of an ethical issue as described in the text? a. what laws to pass b. what sentences to attach to certain crimes c. whether to abolish the death penalty d. whether you should use marijuana for medicinal purposes

Q: Which of the following statements is not an example of an ethical issue? a. what sentences to attach to certain crimes b. decriminalization of soft drugs c. racial profiling d. filing charges against a particular minor

Q: According to the text, broad social questions, often concerning the government's social control mechanisms and the impact on those governed are called: a. social dilemmas b. moral dilemmas c. ethical issues d. public conundrum

Q: An applied ethics approach presumes that individuals generally prefer to do: a. what they are told to do. b. what is right. c. what is personally most beneficial. d. what is most convenient.

Q: The use of facts and objective reasoning to most effectively reach a decision or understand a problem is known as: a. qualitative analysis b. discretion c. ethical balance d. critical thinking

Q: Most behaviors that might be judged as ethical or unethical for criminal justice professionals fall into four major categories. Which of the following does not represents one of these four categories? a. theft b. malfeasance c. harassment d. marital infidelity

Q: We usually discuss moral or immoral behavior only in cases in which the behavior significantly: a. threatens nature b. affects others c. deviates from the norm d. corrupts the social order

Q: According to the text, behavioral decisions that can be judged under ethical standards involve four elements. Which of the following is one of these elements? a. the judge must be present in order to judge the act in question b. value systems are universal c. coerced actions may be judged d. behavior must stem from free will in order to be judged under ethical standards

Q: Which of the following would not be considered a moral judgment? a. Capital punishment is just. b. Abortion results in the deaths of fetuses. c. Rich people should give back to the community. d. People who are capable of work should not accept welfare...

Q: Which of the following statements about values is false? a. An explicit value system is a part of every ethical system. b. Our behavior is influenced by our value system. c. Values cannot be empirically verified. d. The value of survival is particular to the U.S. ethical system.

Q: Which of the following is an example of an imperfect duty? a. to be generous b. to not engage in infidelity c. to not cheat on a test d. to save someone from drowning

Q: If honesty or physical fitness are important to you, these traits would be: a. Duties b. Values c. Morals d. Superogatories

Q: Which of the following is not an example of an imperfect duty? a. a duty to be honest b. a duty to be generous c. a duty to take your life d. a duty to help the poor

Q: Superogatories have to do with: a. duties b. virtues c. laws d. meta-ethics

Q: A good Samaritan who jumps into a river to save a drowning child, risking his or her own life to do so, has performed a(n): a. professional duty b. ethical duty c. superogatory action d. moral duty

Q: While duties are what you must do in order to be good, ______________ are commendable but not required actions. a. functions b. superogatories c. imperfect duties d. obligations

Q: The application of ethical principles to specific issues such as social research or medical practice is called: a. meta-ethics b. normative ethics c. applied ethics d. practical ethics

Q: __________________ ethics determine what people ought to do and defines moral duties based on ethical systems or other means of analysis. a. Applied b. Normative c. Professional d. Conventional

Q: The discipline investigating the meaning of ethical systems and whether they are relative or are universal is known as: a. normative ethics b. applied ethics c. forensic ethics d. meta-ethics

Q: The term _______________ refers to what is judged as good conduct. a. values b. morality c. honor d. goodness

Q: Which of the following is not one of Braswell's reasons to study ethics?a. develop critical thinking skillsb. become aware and open to ethical issuesc. develop wholesightd. improve public image

Q: Those exempt from legal and moral culpability include all of the following except: a. the insane b. the young c. the poor d. one whose actions were coerced

Q: Which of the following is not one of the ethical principles that govern public servants identified by the Josephson Institute? a. accountability b. democratic leadership c. public service d. incomplete judgment

Q: All public servants have the following characteristics except:a. paid from public purseb. special dutiesc. power to use forced. held to higher standard

Q: When the to trial, Ted maintains his story on the witness stand. This is known informally as:a. a blue screenb. discretion under oathc. "dilemma of duty"d. "testilying"

Q: In Walsh's theory of the evolution of justice, "grudgers" emerged as a response to "cheaters."

Q: Define, compare, and contrast seditious speech, seditious libel, and seditious conspiracy. Which of the three do you think is the most harmful? How does current technology impact each of these types of sedition?

Q: The "providing material support or resources" section of the USA PATRIOT Act is open to constitutional challenges. Discuss the outcome of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Holder v. Humanitarian Project. (2010).

Q: Explain what it means to provide material support to terrorists according to the USA PATRIOT Act.

Q: How has the concern by the drafters of the Constitution affected the laws regarding treason in the United States?

Q: Define the term "sedition" and provide examples. What are the two main forms of seditious communications?

Q: What is the USA PATRIOT Act? What crimes does it include?

Q: Discuss, define, compare, and contrast sabotage and espionage.

Q: What is the only crime defined in the U.S. Constitution? What is the definition of that crime, and what else does the Constitution say about it?

Q: Throughout U.S. history, the government has prosecuted only a handful of people for ____________.

Q: A number of sections of the U.S. Code are available for prosecuting crimes related to terrorists and terrorist ____________.

Q: The USA PATRIOT Act is the act passed by ____________ following September 11, 2001.

Q: The term ____________ terrorism means activities that occur primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States.

Q: The USA ____________ Act was passed in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.

Q: Treason is a ____________ weapon against present allegiance and support to foreign enemies.

Q: Damaging or destroying government property to hinder national defense is called ____________.

Q: Advocating the violent overthrow of the government is called ____________.

Q: The revolutionaries who wrote the U.S. Constitution knew that the new government they were about to create couldn"t ____________ without the active support of most of the people.

Q: Federal law prohibits providing ____________ support to terrorists or terrorist organizations.

Q: The Constitution grants particular authority to the President in matters of foreign affairs.

Q: The predominant number of terrorism cases are "material support" offenses.

Q: The U.S. Code separates espionage into two crimes.

Q: Douglas James Duchak was indicted by a federal grand jury for "Fraud and Related Activity in Connection with Computers."

Q: The U.S. Congress enacted the country's first sedition act in 1798.

Q: Treason is the only crime aimed at combating disloyalty and keeping the allegiance of our citizens.

Q: Anthony Cramer was executed for treason.

Q: Distrust of treason prosecutions ended with the adoption of the Constitution.

Q: Treason consists of four elements.

Q: The authors of the U.S. Constitution worried that peaceful opposition to the government, not just rebellion, would be repressed.