Q&A Hero

Q: Some experts say that stress alone probably does not cause illness, but it contributes to circumstances in which diseases may take hold and flourish.

Q: Select the statement that reflects the Court's ruling in Chimel v. California. a. an officer may search the person arrested and the area into which he could reach for a weapon without additional justification. b. an officer needs additional articulable suspicion that the arrestee is armed in order to search the arrestee for weapons. c. an officer needs additional reasonable suspicion to search the area into which an arrestee could reach for a weapon. d. an officer may without additional justification search the person arrested, but a search of any other area requires additional justification.

Q: More federal agents are killed in the line of duty than local police officers.

Q: More federal agents are killed in the line of duty than local police officers.

Q: Suicide is a serious problem in policing.

Q: Suicide is a serious problem in policing.

Q: Modern definitions of the crime of resisting arrest usually requires which of the following? a. shooting, striking, pushing, or some other form of active opposition. b. only lack of cooperation by the suspect. c. a substantial risk to the safety of someone other than the arresting officer. d. testimony of at least one non law enforcement witness.

Q: In Tennessee v. Garner (1985), the Supreme Court decided that the common law fleeing felon rule violated which Amendment? a. First Amendment. b. Fourth Amendment. c. Fifth Amendment. d. Eighth Amendment.

Q: Police officers murdered in the line of duty are more likely to be killed with firearms than any other cause.

Q: Police officers murdered in the line of duty are more likely to be killed with firearms than any other cause.

Q: Most police departments have management programs to deal with the stress problems of police officers.

Q: Most police departments have management programs to deal with the stress problems of police officers.

Q: He modern fresh pursuit doctrine allows an officer to pursue and arrest outside his jurisdiction for which of the following? Select the most accurate option. a. all offenses, felonies, misdemeanors and violations. b. felonies. c. felonies and misdemeanors. d. felonies and breaches of the peace.

Q: Which statement most accurately describes the authority afforded a county sheriff's deputy in hot pursuit outside his county? a. the same authority to arrest as an ordinary citizen. b. the same authority to arrest as within his county if he is on duty. c. the same authority to arrest as within his county even if he is off duty. d. the same authority to arrest as a bondsman.

Q: Studies have indicated that police officers face serious marital problems, health problems, and problems with alcohol and drugs.

Q: Studies have indicated that police officers face serious marital problems, health problems, and problems with alcohol and drugs.

Q: The stress affecting police officers rarely affects their families.

Q: The stress affecting police officers rarely affects their families.

Q: In which of the following circumstance, may a private citizen arrest a person for misdemeanors? a. if the citizen has probable cause to believe the person committed the misdemeanor. b. if the citizen observed the person commit the offense. c. if the citizen observed the person commit the offense and it was a breach of the peace. d. only if directed by a police officer.

Q: Which of the following most accurately describes appropriate method(s) of serving a summons? a. only by handing it to the person named. b. by handing it to the person named or by leaving it at their dwelling. c. by handing it to the person named, leaving it at their dwelling, or by leaving it with a responsible person at the defendant's dwelling. d. by handing it to the person named, leaving it at their dwelling, leaving it with a responsible person at the defendant's dwelling, or by mailing it to their dwelling.

Q: Many police officers find it fairly easy to sleep after a tense, busy evening tour because they are mentally and physically exhausted.

Q: Many police officers find it fairly easy to sleep after a tense, busy evening tour because they are mentally and physically exhausted.

Q: The majority of studies have determined that the police personality derives from the socialization process in the police academy, field training, and patrol experience, instead of being inherent in the personality of those who enter into the police profession.

Q: Which of the following are needed for an officer to make a warrantless arrest for a felony? a. the officer must have a separate witness. b. the offense must be committed in the officer's presence. c. the officer must have verbal approval from a court to arrest. d. the officer must have probable cause that the offense was committed.

Q: The majority of studies have determined that the police personality derives from the socialization process in the police academy, field training, and patrol experience, instead of being inherent in the personality of those who enter into the police profession.

Q: Numerous academic studies have indicated that the nature of policing and the experiences officers go through on the job cause them to band together into their own subculture.

Q: Numerous academic studies have indicated that the nature of policing and the experiences officers go through on the job cause them to band together into their own subculture.

Q: Which of the following are needed for an officer to make a warrantless arrest for a misdemeanor? a. a warrant. b. the offense must be committed in the officer's presence. c. the offense must in fact have been committed and involve a breach of the peace. d. the officer need only probable cause that the offense was committed.

Q: For a search incident arrest to be constitutionally valid, the search must be contemporaneous to the arrest. What does this mean? a. the search must be conducted at the exact time that the arrest occurs. b. the search is conducted at the same time, or shortly thereafter, the point at which probable cause to arrest develops. c. the search is conducted at the same time, or shortly thereafter, the point at which reasonable suspicion to arrest develops. d. the search must be conducted at the exact time and location that the arrest occurs.

Q: The idea of danger permeates the police subculture.

Q: The idea of danger permeates the police subculture.

Q: Police officers and their families tend to avoid other police officers and their families when they are off duty.

Q: Police officers and their families tend to avoid other police officers and their families when they are off duty.

Q: Which of the following is not generally impacted by an illegal arrest? a. direct evidence b. a confession c. jurisdiction to try a person for a crime d. physical/real evidence

Q: The police subculture is characterized by clannishness, secrecy, and isolation from those not in the group.

Q: The police subculture is characterized by clannishness, secrecy, and isolation from those not in the group.

Q: What is the most significant personal advantage an officer has when making an arrest with a valid warrant over making that arrest without one? a. not being civilly liable for false arrest if the arrest was in fact unjustified. b. not being responsible for the degree of force used to make the arrest. c. not being likely to arrest the wrong person. d. being able to arrest outside his or her venue.

Q: A person is "picked up for questioning" by the police and taken to the police station interrogation room where (s)he is given Miranda warnings and questioned. (S)he was never told "You"re under arrest". Which of the following occurred? a. a formal arrest. b. a seizure tantamount to arrest. c. a Terry stop. d. an investigative stop.

Q: The police have a subculture that is somewhat different from other occupations in society.

Q: The police have a subculture that is somewhat different from other occupations in society.

Q: Of the approximate 43 million citizen contacts with the police, only what percent involved police use of force? a. 8.5% b. 5.3% c. 1.6% d. 12%

Q: Of the approximate 43 million citizen contacts with the police, only what percent involved police use of force? a. 8.5% b. 5.3% c. 1.6% d. 12%

Q: Officers enter the home of a man and place him under arrest. The man was located and arrested in his living room area. Law enforcement officers then conducted a protective sweep of all of the upstairs area, basement, and garage areas to ensure no one else was in the home that could harm the officers. Which statement accurately describes the potential justification argument for the sweep? a. This full protective sweep is justified absent either probable cause or reasonable suspicion. b. This full sweep is only justified if there is probable cause to believe accomplices are present that could harm the officers. c. This full sweep is only justified if there is reasonable suspicion to believe accomplices are present that could harm the officers. d. This full sweep is only justified if there is clear and convincing evidence to believe accomplices are present that could harm the officers.

Q: Select the true statement about limited searches incident to detention. a. they constitute a seizure under the 4th Amendment and are permissible when the seizure is temporary, the resulting search was limited, the evidence obtained was destructible, and the police had probable cause to arrest. b. they do not constitute a seizure, but nonetheless are constitutionally permissible. c. they constitute a seizure and are always constitutionally permissible. d. they are never constitutionally permissible.

Q: In 1985, the fleeing felon rule was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in the landmark case of _____. a. Mapp v. Ohio b. Lawrence v. Texas c. Tennessee v. Garner d. Terry v. Ohio

Q: In 1985, the fleeing felon rule was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in the landmark case of _____. a. Mapp v. Ohio b. Lawrence v. Texas c. Tennessee v. Garner d. Terry v. Ohio

Q: A law enforcement officer observes an individual walking in a residential neighborhood at night with a crowbar and flashlight. The officer briefly detains the person to ask a few questions to determine what the individual is doing. What is the officer's action classified as? a. a formal arrest. b. a stop. c. an informal arrest. d. a seizure tantamount to arrest.

Q: The criminal justice system involves a tremendous amount of discretion.

Q: The criminal justice system involves a tremendous amount of discretion.

Q: What basic element distinguishes formal arrest from seizure tantamount to arrest? a. Officer's intent b. Suspect's belief c. Miranda d. Custody

Q: The two primary goals and objectives of police departments, according to Sheehan and Cordner, are maintaining order and protecting life and property.

Q: The two primary goals and objectives of police departments, according to Sheehan and Cordner, are maintaining order and protecting life and property.

Q: According to the 2007 report Contacts between Police and the Public, 2005, most of the police contacts with citizens involved motor vehicle or traffic-related issues.

Q: According to the 2007 report Contacts between Police and the Public, 2005, most of the police contacts with citizens involved motor vehicle or traffic-related issues.

Q: Which of the following would constitute a seizure tantamount to arrest? a. when a person is detained, however briefly, for any reason. b. when a person is asked to appear at the station for questioning. c. when a person is under the impression that they are under arrest. d. when a person is involuntarily taken to the police station for questioning.

Q: A formal arrest occurs when a person is _____. a. detained, however briefly, for any reason b. taken into custody to answer for a criminal charge c. stopped and frisked d. booked

Q: The use of deadly force is the ultimate use of discretion.

Q: The use of deadly force is the ultimate use of discretion.

Q: The taser is the most popularly approved nonlethal weapon.

Q: The taser is the most popularly approved nonlethal weapon.

Q: Assume that a regulatory inspector is conducting a justified, routine inspection of a tightly regulated business. The inspector, while standing in a spot that he has a legal right to be in and without moving anything, sees evidence of criminal activity. What are the options of the inspector?

Q: Most local police and sheriff's departments have a policy regarding nonlethal force, and almost all departments authorize the use of one or more nonlethal weapons.

Q: Most local police and sheriff's departments have a policy regarding nonlethal force, and almost all departments authorize the use of one or more nonlethal weapons.

Q: Describe how the events of September 11, 2001 impacted government use of the "special needs" doctrine to justify intrusions of individual privacy.

Q: Explain how the rights of a college student differ, with respect to the Fourth Amendment, depending upon whether the student is enrolled at a public or private university.

Q: Tennessee v. Garner is theU.S. Supreme Court case that ended the use of the fleeing felon rule.

Q: Tennessee v. Garner is theU.S. Supreme Court case that ended the use of the fleeing felon rule.

Q: Because of the nature of police work, discretion by individual officers can never be totally eliminated.

Q: Because of the nature of police work, discretion by individual officers can never be totally eliminated.

Q: Describe the Court's decision in the Safford Unified School Dist. v. Redding (2009) case. What were the Court's reasons for declaring the search unreasonable?

Q: Relate the Court's decision in the Ferguson v. Charleston (2001) case. What was the essential problem with the hospital's policy?

Q: According to Siegel and Senna, "Crime Fighters" enforce the law by the book.

Q: According to Siegel and Senna, "Crime Fighters" enforce the law by the book.

Q: A serious crime leaves the police less freedom or ability to ignore it or to exercise discretion regarding it.

Q: Define what is meant by a special needs search. Provide a minimum of two examples.

Q: A serious crime leaves the police less freedom or ability to ignore it or to exercise discretion regarding it.

Q: Explain the differences between a criminal search and an administrative search.

Q: The police officer is generally the first decision maker in the U.S. criminal justice system and is often the most important.

Q: The police officer is generally the first decision maker in the U.S. criminal justice system and is often the most important.

Q: The primary goal or objective of the police should be to arrest all offenders.