Q&A Hero

Q: Officers may stop a person or a vehicle on the basis of which of the following? a. police flyer and bulletin, but not a radio dispatch b. bulletin and radio dispatch, but not a police flyer c. radio dispatch and police flyer, but not a bulletin d. a police flyer, bulletin, or a radio dispatch

Q: In 1910, _____ appointed the nation's first "officially designated" policewoman. a. Dallas b. New York c. Los Angeles d. Chicago

Q: Which of the following was not one of the duties relegated to early female police officers? a. issuing parking tickets b. guarding female prisoners c. performing routine clerical tasks d. patrolling

Q: Which of the following was not one of the duties relegated to early female police officers? a. issuing parking tickets b. guarding female prisoners c. performing routine clerical tasks d. patrolling

Q: A police officer stops a person on the basis of reasonable suspicion. The officer also has reasonable suspicion to believe the person is armed. During the pat-down, the officer feels what he thinks could possibly be a small baggie containing drugs, but the officer is unsure. Based on this information, the officer: a. can request the consent of the person to pull the object out. b. is justified to put his hand into the person's clothing and pull the object out. c. has enough to establish probable cause that the person possesses drugs. d. has the reasonable suspicion required to retrieve the object.

Q: A police officer who detains a person must have _____ supported by articulable facts that criminal activity may be afoot. a. probable cause b. reasonable suspicion c. color of authority d. legal ground

Q: The first African American police officer was appointed in what city? a. Chicago b. New York c. New Orleans d. Miami

Q: The first African American police officer was appointed in what city? a. Chicago b. New York c. New Orleans d. Miami

Q: The number of Hispanic American officers has increased significantly in the last two decades, as has their percentage in the general population.

Q: The number of Hispanic American officers has increased significantly in the last two decades, as has their percentage in the general population.

Q: A _____ is the least intrusive type of seizure of a person under the Fourth Amendment. a. frisk b. pat-down c. stop d. pursuit

Q: The percentages of women in law enforcement today are now near the 50 percent that women represent in society.

Q: If a show of authority by a law enforcement officer does not result in a halting or submission by the person being confronted, there is _____ under the Fourth Amendment. a. no seizure b. seizure c. limited seizure d. an arrest

Q: The percentages of women in law enforcement today are now near the 50 percent that women represent in society.

Q: Often times in cases involving the seizure of a person, the Supreme Court will examine which of the following? a. reasonableness of the suspect's action. b. experience of the law enforcement officer. c. venue in which the actions occurred. d. totality of the circumstances.

Q: The requirement that officers not be less than a certain height (height requirement) was probably the strongest example of discrimination against women candidates.

Q: The requirement that officers not be less than a certain height (height requirement) was probably the strongest example of discrimination against women candidates.

Q: Academic research has shown that female officers can do patrol work effectively and are well received by the public.

Q: A person has been seized (within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment) if in view of all of the circumstances surrounding the incident, a reasonable person would have believed _____. a. that (s)he was not free to leave. b. that (s)he was free to leave. c. that (s)he could remain silent. d. (s)he was restricted only if the officer was physically touching her/him.

Q: Academic research has shown that female officers can do patrol work effectively and are well received by the public.

Q: Recent years have seen a significant increase in the numbers of women in administrative positions and serving as chiefs and sheriffs.

Q: Recent years have seen a significant increase in the numbers of women in administrative positions and serving as chiefs and sheriffs.

Q: The determination of the reasonableness of stops and frisks involves balancing a person's right to privacy and right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures against _____. a. governmental interests. b. government interests, crime prevention/detection. c. safety of law enforcement officers and crime prevention/detection. d. governmental interests, crime prevention/detection, and safety of law enforcement officers.

Q: Stop and frisk procedures are serious intrusions on a person's privacy and are governed by which of the following Amendments to the Constitution? a. First b. Third c. Fourth d. Fifth

Q: Critics of affirmative action argue that selecting police officers based on their race or gender does not violate the 1964 Civil Rights Act and is discriminatory.

Q: Critics of affirmative action argue that selecting police officers based on their race or gender does not violate the 1964 Civil Rights Act and is discriminatory.

Q: The most controversial method of ending job discrimination is the concept of quotas in hiring minorities.

Q: An officer observes an individual talking with known drug addicts over a period of several hours. The officer eventually approaches the individual and pulls illegal drugs out of the suspect's pocket after the suspect has thrust his hand into his pocket first. The officer testifies that he never saw nor believed that the suspect had a weapon. What position would the courts most likely take pertaining to this seizure? a. uphold the search as legal b. throw out the search as an illegal seizure c. look at the totality of the circumstances including the suspect's prior record d. none of these

Q: The most controversial method of ending job discrimination is the concept of quotas in hiring minorities.

Q: A limited search of a person is most accurately described as a(n) ______. a. seizure. b. arrest. c. frisk. d. stop.

Q: The Supreme Court decision in Griggs v. Duke Power Company established the concept that job requirements must be job relatedthey must be necessary for the performance of the job a person is applying for.

Q: The Supreme Court decision in Griggs v. Duke Power Company established the concept that job requirements must be job relatedthey must be necessary for the performance of the job a person is applying for.

Q: In 1968, the Chicago Police Department assigned Barbara Blankenbaker and Susan Conick to patrol. They were the first females to wear a uniform and a gun belt and to drive a marked patrol car responding to calls for service on an equal basis with men.

Q: As late as the mid-1970s, women were often still allowed to work only with juvenile offenders, and in many cities female officers could not ride in patrol cars after dark.

Q: Select the true statement. a. The same level of suspicion is required to justify a frisk and a full search. b. A police officer needs more than a hunch to justify both a frisk and a full search, but less is required for a frisk than is required for a full search. c. Probable cause is required to initially justify a frisk. d. To stop a person, probable cause is needed; but to frisk a person reasonable suspicion is required.

Q: In 1968, the Chicago Police Department assigned Barbara Blankenbaker and Susan Conick to patrol. They were the first females to wear a uniform and a gun belt and to drive a marked patrol car responding to calls for service on an equal basis with men.

Q: A law enforcement officer's power to detain and question suspicious persons dates back to _____. a. the common law of England b. the Magna Carta c. the Peelian Reforms d. biblical times

Q: As late as the mid-1970s, women were often still allowed to work only with juvenile offenders, and in many cities female officers could not ride in patrol cars after dark.

Q: Homosexuals have not been discriminated against in police hiring practices.

Q: Describe the amount of force that law enforcement officers may use when searching a person. In what way(s) is the common law definition of resisting arrest different from the modern definition?

Q: Homosexuals have not been discriminated against in police hiring practices.

Q: Describe the circumstances under which law enforcement officers may search containers. Cite at least one court case pertaining to same.

Q: The United States has a long history of job discrimination against women and minorities.

Q: The United States has a long history of job discrimination against women and minorities.

Q: Assaults on police officers most commonly involve _________________________.

Q: Closely associated with the problem of stress in policing is the problem of __________, which seems to worsen over the years.

Q: Why are exceptions to the warrant requirement sometimes allowed? Do you feel exceptions should be permitted? Explain your reasoning.

Q: Assaults on police officers most commonly involve _________________________.

Q: Closely associated with the problem of stress in policing is the problem of __________, which seems to worsen over the years.

Q: According to your text, an officer is most likely to be assaulted when responding to a ______ call for service.

Q: Working long hours and overtime produces ________and consequently stress in officers.

Q: Under what circumstances may law enforcement perform a full search of an arrestee's body?

Q: Summarize the effect of the New York v. Belton (1981) ruling and how the decision in Arizona v. Gant (2009) altered the law established by the Belton case.

Q: According to your text, an officer is most likely to be assaulted when responding to a ______ call for service.

Q: Under stressful circumstances, quantities of______________, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, are released into the bloodstream.

Q: The phenomenon in which a person wishing to die deliberately places an officer in a life-threatening situation, causing the officer to use deadly force against them, is known as ____________________.

Q: How does the Court define "use of excessive force" by the police?

Q: Working long hours and overtime produces ________and consequently stress in officers.

Q: What is meant by the term exigent circumstance? Provide an example.

Q: Under stressful circumstances, quantities of______________, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, are released into the bloodstream.

Q: The body's reaction to highly stressful situations is known as the____________________.

Q: ____________________ is the body's reaction to internal or external stimuli that upset the body's normal state.

Q: The phenomenon in which a person wishing to die deliberately places an officer in a life-threatening situation, causing the officer to use deadly force against them, is known as ____________________.

Q: Briefly explain what is meant by the term warrantless arrest authority?

Q: The ethical problem in which police are confronted with situations in which they feel forced to take certain illegal actions to achieve a greater good is known as the____________________ problem.

Q: The body's reaction to highly stressful situations is known as the____________________.

Q: Compare and contrast a fresh pursuit and a hot pursuit. Give examples.

Q: The attitude by police that there is no hope for the world and a view of humanity at its worst is known as____________________.

Q: ____________________ is the body's reaction to internal or external stimuli that upset the body's normal state.

Q: State the elements of a formal arrest. Illustrate by way of example the difference between the concepts tantamount to an arrest and formal arrest.

Q: The deadliest decade for law enforcement officers so far was the _________.

Q: The ethical problem in which police are confronted with situations in which they feel forced to take certain illegal actions to achieve a greater good is known as the____________________ problem.

Q: Generally speaking, a search is said to be __________ with an arrest if the search is at the same time that probable cause to arrest develops or is conducted shortly thereafter.

Q: In __________ v. United States, the Supreme Court clearly stated that an officer's ulterior motives do not invalidate the officer's conduct that is justifiable on the basis of probable cause to believe that a violation of law has occurred.

Q: According to Jerome Skolnick, the police officer's role contains two principal variables: danger and____________________.

Q: The attitude by police that there is no hope for the world and a view of humanity at its worst is known as____________________.

Q: The ________ maintains a record of all police officers killed in the line of duty.

Q: A search incident to arrest is authorized by __________.

Q: The deadliest decade for law enforcement officers so far was the _________.

Q: In a protective sweep, police are looking for __________.