Criminal Law

Q: Analyzing crime issues to determine the underlying problems and addressing those underlying problems are referred to as: a. zero tolerance policing b. problem-solving policing c. political-based policing d. targeted policing

Q: Select the true statement regarding determination of curtilage surrounding a house. a. An area enclosed by a chain-link fence is always considered curtilage. b. Shared areas of multi-unit dwellings are not protected by the Fourth Amendment. c. The back yard of a residence is always considered curtilage. d. An area within 50 yards of a residence is considered curtilage.

Q: What involves a continued reliance on traditional policing operations? a. strategic policing b. community policing c. citizen-based policing d. political-based policing

Q: Whether a piece of land or a building falls within the curtilage is determined by considering four factors. Which of the following is not among these factors? a. the steps taken by the resident to protect the area from observation by passersby b. the inclusion of the area within an enclosure surrounding the home c. the official property lines of the curtilage d. the proximity to the home of the area claimed to be curtilage

Q: Who founded the National Center for Community Policing in East Lansing, Michigan? a. Robert C. Trojanowicz b. Logan Stout c. Richard Hill d. Rick D. Patterson

Q: Which phrase best describes the areas considered to be protected by the Fourth Amendment under the definition of the term "house"? a. hotel and motel rooms, apartments, rooming and boarding house rooms, and hospital rooms b. hotel and motel rooms and apartments c. hotel and motel rooms, apartments, and rooming and boarding house rooms d. only a single family residence

Q: This new center focuses on anti-terrorism and in comprised of federal, state and local employees. a. Fission b. Center for anti-terrorism c. Fusion d. Homeland Security

Q: A _____ is properly considered to be part of the open fields. a. curtilage b. dwelling c. attached garage d. forest around the home

Q: This new center focuses on anti-terrorism and in comprised of federal, state and local employees. a. Fission b. Center for anti-terrorism c. Fusion d. Homeland Security

Q: Which of the following is not part of the problem-oriented policing strategy? a. scattering b. analysis c. response d. assessment

Q: Define what the courts meant in South Dakota v. Opperman by a "standard procedures" requirement for inventory searches.

Q: According to Herman Goldstein, traditional policing is: a. incident driven b. 911 driven c. patrol driven d. service driven

Q: What factors are necessary to justify an inventory search and what probable cause must be present for authorities to search the vehicle?

Q: Problem-solving policing can be attributed to: a. James Q. Wilson b. Lee P. Brown c. George Kelling d. Herman Goldstein

Q: Assuming that a vehicle has been legally impounded, under what circumstances, if any, may the vehicle be searched for incriminating evidence without a warrant?

Q: Problem-solving policing emphasizes that many crimes are caused by _____ and attempts to deal with those problems rather than just responding to each criminal incident. a. management problems b. police personnel problems c. teenagers d. underlying social problems

Q: Name at least three different scenarios that the courts have ruled that it is within the authority of the police to impound a vehicle.

Q: Many believe that modern community policing began with James Q. Wilson's and George Kelling's article "_____: The Police and Neighborhood Safety." a. Littered Streets b. Disorder c. Broken Windows d. Dangerous Streets

Q: Detail the reasoning of the court regarding the search of a container found in a vehicle in the case of California v. Acevedo, 1991.

Q: As detailed in United States v. Ross, 1982, explain the differences between the search of an entire vehicle versus a particular area of a vehicle.

Q: Which of the following was not one of the corporate strategies of policing described by the Executive Sessions on Policing? a. team policing b. strategic policing c. community policing d. problem-solving policing

Q: Using the Carroll doctrine, as interpreted by the courts, explain any delays in searching that might be acceptable.

Q: The Executive Sessions on Policing, which studied community policing and problem-solving policing, were held at what university? a. Stanford b. Yale c. University of Miami d. Harvard

Q: Define probable cause and how it relates to the exception regarding automobile searches.

Q: Former President Bill Clinton campaigned that he would add 100,000 more police officers to protect communities throughout the United States.

Q: Some experts question whether activities that officers engage in under community policing are really an officer's responsibility.

Q: Explain the evolution of the "exigent circumstance" requirement of the Carroll doctrine. Why was the requirement abandoned?

Q: Explain the rationale and the scope of searches allowed under the Carroll doctrine regarding automobile exceptions to search warrants.

Q: The biggest recent threat to community policing and, consequently, the biggest criticism of the initiatives that have taken place concern the current inability to keep police departments fully staffed and to keep the money flowing to these initiatives.

Q: Not all drivers and passengers have an expectation of privacy in terms of the items contained in a vehicle. Under the Fourth Amendment these vehicle occupants would be said to lack __________ to challenge a particular vehicle search by police.

Q: The move to community-oriented policing involves major changes in how traditional police organizations operate.

Q: For the automobile exception to be met regarding a search, two criteria must be met. First, the officer must believe that the automobile must contain illegal contraband, and secondly, the vehicle must be readily__________ such that it can be moved to __________.

Q: Almost all experts are enthusiastic about the idea and effectiveness of community policing.

Q: The Louisville Kentucky Metropolitan Police Department was recognized for a community policing program that improved calls involving mental illness.

Q: Unless __________ circumstances exist, an inventory search of a vehicle must be conducted at the time of impoundment, not before impoundment.

Q: If an officer has probable cause to search only a particular container placed in a vehicle or a particular area of the vehicle, the officer may search that container or area without a warrant, but may not search the __________.

Q: A fusion center is an organization composed of federal, state, and local individuals with the purpose of homeland security.

Q: The Louisville Kentucky Metropolitan Police Department was recognized for a community policing program that improved calls involving mental illness.

Q: A fusion center is an organization composed of federal, state, and local individuals with the purpose of homeland security.

Q: A valid inventory search requires neither __________ nor a(n) __________.

Q: The Department of Justice office of policing was established to administer the grant money provided by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 and to promote community-oriented policing.

Q: The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 is also known as the Crime Bill.

Q: Officers may seize contraband or other items subject to seizure that they observe open to view under the __________ doctrine.

Q: A(n) __________ process of an automobile is not considered a search for Fourth Amendment purposes because its object is not to find incriminating evidence as part of a criminal investigation.

Q: Community policing is a relatively new concept in policing.

Q: In a resident officer program, a police officer works in the same neighborhood he or she lives in.

Q: If possible, warrantless searches under the __________ doctrine should be conducted immediately at the scene where the vehicle is stopped.

Q: The controlling consideration in the warrantless search of a vehicle is __________ to believe that the vehicle contains items that are connected with criminal activity and thus are subject to seizure.

Q: The four elements of the problem-solving strategy are strengths, opportunities, response, and assessment.

Q: In a resident officer program, a police officer works in the same neighborhood he or she lives in.

Q: The four elements of the problem-solving strategy are strengths, opportunities, response, and assessment.

Q: The concept of problem-oriented policing can be attributed to Herman Goldstein.

Q: While the Carroll doctrine allows for a search of the vehicle, the doctrine does not generally permit a search of the __________ and/or the __________ of the vehicle occupant.

Q: The concept of problem-oriented policing can be attributed to Herman Goldstein.

Q: The authors of the seminal article "Broken Windows: Police and Neighborhood Safety" were James Q. Wilson and George Kelling.

Q: The three corporate strategies for policing identified by Harvard's Executive Sessions on Policing are traditional policing, community policing, and problem-solving policing.

Q: Owners or renters of a vehicle, and those riding with them, have standing under the Fourth Amendment to challenge a search of a vehicle they recently occupied. a. True b. False

Q: According to your text, there are approximate 31 million victims of _______ crime in the United States annually.

Q: During an inventory, an officer picks up a jacket from the seat of the vehicle. Underneath the jacket was a clear baggie containing drugs. The doctrine which allows the officer to seize the drug evidence is the plain view doctrine. a. True b. False

Q: The three corporate strategies for policing identified by Harvard's Executive Sessions on Policing are traditional policing, community policing, and problem-solving policing.

Q: For an inventory to be constitutional, the full search of the vehicle must be limited to areas of the vehicle that can contain evidence of the crime for which the suspect was arrested. a. True b. False

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