Q&A Hero

Q: The perfect storm that led to Seung-Hui Cho's murderous rampage at Virginia Tech had to do with a. the failure of mental health experts to adequately diagnose his problems. b. a variety of confidentiality laws prohibited the sharing of information about mental health issues between units, departments and agencies.. c. language barriers due to his poor English fluency. d. all of the above contributed to his rampage.

Q: Selye's General Adaption Syndrome means that a. overstimulation and excessive wear of target organs leads to stress-related dysfunction and disease. b. the organism adapts to stressors and compensates through increased output of endocrine, neurological, and neuroendocrine systems. c. the person reframes stressors and overcomes the noxious stimulus. d. a clinical relaxation technique is used to diminish stress.

Q: The Gateway model of addiction proposes that peers lead the addict through a "gateway" to drugs.

Q: One of the more puzzling aspects of therapy and one that escalates to crisis proportions is a. falling apart over some insignificant task after more difficult ones have been accomplished. b. being psychotic and then taking drugs to enhance the effect. c. the inability to sort out complex past family dynamics because of enmeshment. d. having an undiscovered physical ailment that is causing the presenting psychological problem.

Q: An effective way of counteracting burnout would be to a. promote devotion to more leisure time activities. b. confront the problem with specific work tasks. c. teach better coping skills. d. shift jobs.

Q: The Contingency Management approach has better treatment outcomes and lower relapse than most other approaches.

Q: In long-term therapy, one of the times that there is a major risk of a crisis occurring is a. at the start of therapy b. in the middle of therapy c. at the end of therapy d. there is no one particular period of therapy that is more likely for a crisis to occur.

Q: A critical component in treating burnout is a. satiation. b. substitution. c. revitalization. d. positive reinforcement.

Q: Antabuse, a drug that affects craving for alcohol, holds a great deal of promise because it doesn"t have potential harmful side effects.

Q: Crisis Intervention Team police officers are a. trained to deal mainly with instrumental crimes. b. a replacement for mobile crisis workers. c. trained to respond to expressive acts and maintenance of order calls. d. a replacement for TAC or SWAT teams.

Q: The chronological stages of burnout are a. zealotry, assuredness, doubt, anxiety. b. romanticism, idealism, pragmatism, realism. c. industry, lethargy, condemnation, purposelessness. d. none of the above.

Q: Node link mapping is an actual map that links points that the alcoholic will need to follow to attain and retain sobriety.

Q: The difference between the goal of a long term therapist and a crisis interventionist would be a. comprehensive personality change versus restoring precrisis functioning b. focusing on cognition and affect as opposed to behavior. c. setting long-term goals as opposed to short term goals. d. not dealing with crisis clients as opposed to dealing with crisis clients.

Q: Burnout may be characterized by what levels? a. person, place, and time. b. worker, institution, and environment. c. trait, state, and activity. d. past, present, and future.

Q: Treatment "secrets" are a way of trying to co-opt treatment and blackmail staff.

Q: A modern, full-service community mental health clinic has several options to handle crisis clients. Such options may be a. mobile crisis teams. b. short-term, in-house therapeutic treatment facilities that include drug and electro-convulsive therapy. c. fast, direct referral into managed care facilities or state hospitals for long-term commitment. d. a and c above.

Q: Burnout may have which of the following consequences? a. behavioral b. interpersonal c. physical d. All of the above may be consequences.

Q: The idea of "big pink pet elephants that sit in the middle of the room and that everyone has to walk around yet never acknowledges," has to do with the concept of codependency.

Q: Of the following, which is not a major reason for community mental health centers' decrease in service to the chronically mentally ill? (p. 96 -99) a. Their inability to pay or get insurance coverage by gatekeeping HMO's. b. De-emphasis of these low functioning individuals by the mental health clinics and a move toward more "normal" clients. c. An inability to find qualified numbers of therapists to staff such clinics for such difficult clients. d. More chronic mentally ill individuals are being returned to the community due to funding cutbacks at state hospitals and prisons.

Q: One of the critical issues of intervention with a burned-out worker is the ethical issue of keeping the worker's clients from harm.

Q: The Hero in an alcoholic family is most likely to be the oldest child.

Q: One of the first things a worker should do with long term clients is a. select compatible clients. b. select compatible crisis topics. c. get a commitment to a specific plan of action prior to the meeting in an intake session. d. establish effective ground rules.

Q: Having fun is a critical part of burnout-proofing oneself.

Q: The quickest and easiest way to get an addict clean is to go "cold turkey" and let them suffer the consequences of physical withdrawal.

Q: Crises may suddenly occur even when clients are successful in overcoming the crisis because they a. have post traumatic personality disorder (PTSD) b. are experiencing intrapersonal problems in their own personal development along with the precipitating crisis. c. are about to be terminated from therapy. d. all of the above may be reasons for crises to reoccur.

Q: Burnout-proofing an agency is almost impossible to do.

Q: MAST, ALCADD, and SASSI are acronyms for new, innovative addiction treatment programs.

Q: One of the most difficult, manipulative types of long-term clients to deal with is the____________ personality disorder client. a. borderline b. dependent c. narcissistic d. schizotypal

Q: So far work environment and its relationship to burnout have been difficult to measure in any reliable way.

Q: Approximately half of all alcoholics and other substance abusers have other psychiatric problems.

Q: De-escalation and defusing techniques for CIT officers first start with a. keeping clients secure without cornering them b. exploration of the emotional disturbance. c. officer and client safety d. how one introduces oneself.

Q: The Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) measures compassion satisfaction along with compassion fatigue and burnout and is particularly designed for first responders such as EMTs.

Q: Adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) run higher risks than others for developing alcoholism.

Q: Of the following strategies, which would work best with a person with borderline personality disorder? a. Debating with them until they are exhausted. b. Focusing on their talents and stressing how they sabotage themselves. c. Being firm, with clear cut rules and boundaries. d. Confronting their manipulative plans.

Q: While important for effective intervention, consultation and supervision have little to do with stopping burnout.

Q: Alcohol is a "drug" in exactly the same way that heroin is.

Q: Typical CIT training includes learning all of the following except a. psychotropic medications and their side effects. b. fishbowl discussions with the mentally ill. c. DSM-IV diagnoses. d. family and consumer perspectives.

Q: Compassion satisfaction can be an extremely effective buffer against burnout. .

Q: Direct psychometric methods to determine alcoholic behavior are problematic because of response reliability.

Q: The police Crisis Intervention Team concept has developed because a. of the Community Mental Health Act of 1963 specifying how and where the mentally ill are treated. b. of the lack of qualified mental health professionals. c. more police officers are interested in defusing techniques. d. none of the above are why the CIT program has prospered.

Q: Vicarious traumatization occurs when the worker begins to see significant others in his or her own life as resembling those who have traumatized the client .

Q: Family members of a chemical dependent may cause further problems for the dependent because of their attempts to keep the family in equilibrium.

Q: The mobile crisis team operates because a. it is cheaper than maintaining an office. b. geriatric or disabled clients may not be able to get to a facility. c. CIT officers are inadequate to handle really complicated calls. d. all of the above are reasons.

Q: Vicarious traumatization is to compassion fatigue as countertransference is to burnout.

Q: The term "drug" is an artifact constructed by society.

Q: On an initial visit to a mental health clinic, which of the following is not true? a. The client is given some down time after everything is done and left to him- or herself. b. The worker may be only able to do a visual and verbal assessment. c. A person who is having a psychotic break will be asked to voluntarily commit to hospitalization. d. The worker may have to provide access to physical necessities for short-term living.

Q: The first stage of burnout is Enthusiasm.

Q: The Minnesota model of a twenty-eight day treatment program is currently seen as the best bet for addiction treatment.

Q: Crisis clients that use walk"in facilities usually have problems that are a. existential in nature. b. chronic mental illness. c. acute interpersonal problems in their social environment. d. both b and c are reasons.

Q: Burnout is a cross-cultural phenomenon, and has causes that are common across cultures.

Q: The disease model controversy of alcohol addiction hinges on the treatment principles of AA, funding sources, and third party payments.

Q: While crisis case handling and long term therapy models may have similarities, one major difference in crisis intervention is the emphasis on a. self-actualizing behavior. b. comprehensive appraisal. c. personality dynamics. d. none of the above.

Q: Organizations should be assessed for burnout along with individuals.

Q: There is one clear-cut model of addiction which chemical dependency units use in treatment programs.

Q: One of the major, distinctive differences between crisis intervention and long term therapy is the a. radical difference in models of therapy. b. radical difference in assessment. c. use of empathy and unconditional positive regard for the client. d. all of the above are distinctive differences.

Q: The Maslach Burnout Inventory is an excellent tool for examining stress points and problems in an organization.

Q: Societal norms have a great deal to do with the behavioral outcomes of drug consumption.

Q: The Tarasoff case resulted in judicial findings important to crisis workers because of a. confidentiality and duty-to warn issues. b. long-term therapy versus crisis case handling. c. reliability and use of the Triage Assessment Scale. d. implications of verbal and nonverbal threats by the client.

Q: Pearlman and Saakvitne believe that, contrary to universal admonitions against countertransference, it is a necessary evil when working with trauma victims.

Q: Historically, the United States has always regarded alcohol as a problematic substance.

Q: Threats of legal reprisal by the client should not deter a crisis worker from his or her duty to warn when there is clear and present danger to a client or other person's safety.

Q: Burnout and stress are synonymous.

Q: People who have a blood alcohol level of .15% will all act in a similar manner.

Q: Clients in long term therapy are typically immune from crises.

Q: The term burnout comes from mental patients who were burned out physically and mentally.

Q: The therapeutic modality for most programs for batterers relies on a. an empathic listening and responding approach to assure clients they are heard and cared for. b. a confrontational approach to catch minimizing and projecting of inadequate and insecure behaviors onto significant others. c. a cognitive-behavioral approach that changes irrational thinking, self-sabotaging, selective forgetting, setting oneself up for violence, and other maladaptive cognitions. d. a dynamic approach that helps achieve insight into present behaviors by interpreting and understanding past behaviors from childhood.

Q: Mental illness and emotional disturbance calls make up a large percentage of police department calls that fall under "maintaining order."

Q: Stress occurs when there is a substantial imbalance between the demands of the environment and the capabilities of the worker and is always negative in its outcome.

Q: One reason partners do not report violence in same-sex relationships is under reported because a. there is a fear they will be "outted" by the violent partner. b. there is less physical but more psychological violence in these relationships. c. same sex couples simply are less violent. d. both a and b contribute to under reporting.

Q: In defining the problem in crisis intervention, the major focus is on understanding the major personality constructs of the person.

Q: "Deadwood" is a term given to workers who have extreme burnout.

Q: The Duluth model for domestic violence intervention can best be characterized as a. providing psychoeducational support to batterers b. providing support to women across a range of issues. c. integrated, coordination between a variety of agencies d. All of the above are primary services.

Q: In initial diagnosis, crisis case handling always attempts a slow, methodical assessment to determine the various antecedent causes of the problem.

Q: Organizational cultures that have high power distance between bosses and subordinates have high burnout rates.

Q: Which of the following represents Walker's cycle of violence? a. tranquility, tension, violence, crisis. b. jealousy, crisis, violence, peace. c. anger, violence, withdrawal, crisis. d. tranquility, violence, crisis, peace.

Q: Verbal de-escalation and defusing techniques are one of the major components to teach when training CIT officers.

Q: Human service workers who do crisis work experience negative effects more than other types of human service workers.

Q: Which of the following statements are true of courtship violence?a. The higher the grade point average of the person, the lower the violence.b. One quarter of victims and one third of offenders in one study believed violence is a sign of love.c. Having one steady dating partner increases the odds of violence the longer the relationship lasts.d. Both a and b are true.

Q: "CIT" in police terminology stands for "Crime Intervention Officer."

Q: Burnout may lead to both personal and professional growth.