Q&A Hero

Q: Which of the following reflects how the FBI reports crime? a. UCR b. NCVS c. Both UCR and NCVS d. Neither the UCR or NCVS

Q: Why does the NCVS not measure homicide? a. Homicide is not usually reported to the police. b. You cannot survey victims of homicide. c. Only victimless crimes are measured by the NCVS. d. Police departments may lie about their homicide rates.

Q: A source of crime data collected from interviews used to gather information on unreported as well as reported crimes is called a. NCVS. b. dark figure of crime. c. UCR. d. NIBRS.

Q: A statistical summary of crimes reported to the police is known as the a. NCVS. b. dark figure of crime. c. UCR. d. NIBRS.

Q: When compared with rates in the United States, Icelandic crime rates are a. extremely low. b. low. c. similar. d. high.

Q: The term referring to the idea that much more crime occurs than is reported to police is called a. unspoken crime. b. dark figure of crime. c. token crime. d. invisible crime.

Q: After the 1960s, the changes in how our country dealt with crime reflected the fact that a. political agendas controlled the response to crime. b. we cannot avoid making choices about how to use the police, courts, and corrections system most effectively. c. population changes in specific age groups alter crime rates. d. one cannot predict legislative changes in crime.

Q: An example of a political crime is a. prostitution. b. espionage. c. selling illegal narcotics. d. price fixing.

Q: Criminal acts either by the government or against the government that are carried out for ideological purposes are called ______ crime. a. political b. victimless c. visible d. organized

Q: Offenses against morality involving a willing and private exchange of goods and services that are in strong demand, but are illegal are called ________ crime. a. political b. victimless c. visible d. organized

Q: Historically associated with images of certain ethnic groups, ______ crime is a framework of the perpetration of such criminal acts as gambling, drugs, and prostitution. a. political b. victimless c. visible d. organized

Q: An example of an occupational crime is a. murder. b. espionage. c. drug sales. d. price fixing.

Q: Crimes committed in the context of a legal business or profession are called ______ crime. a. political b. victimless c. occupational d. organized

Q: According to your text, an example of a "visible crime" is a. murder. b. espionage. c. white-collar crime. d. price fixing.

Q: Criminal acts, often termed "street crime" or "ordinary crime," that are the least profitable and least protected are called ______ crime. a. political b. victimless c. visible d. organized

Q: Crimes, such as gambling or prostitution, that are not "wrong in themselves" but are prohibited by government, are called a. mala prohibita. b. mala in se. c. felonies. d. norms.

Q: Crimes, such as murder or assault, that are traditionally "wrong in themselves," are called a. mala prohibita. b. mala in se. c. misdemeanors. d. invisible.

Q: Which of the following is a value that must be respected in a democracy by police, prosecutors, judges, and correctional officials? a. Rule of law b. Civil liberties c. Justice d. All of these are the values that must be respected

Q: A model of the criminal justice system that emphasizes the adversarial process, the rights of defendants, and formal decision-making procedures is called the ________ model. a. crime control b. due process c. constitutional d. democratic

Q: A model of the criminal justice system that emphasizes efficiency, speed, and finality as well as the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a high proportion of offenders is called the ________ model. a. crime control b. due process c. constitutional d. democratic

Q: Achieving both the goals of controlling crime and protecting the rights of individuals are _______ to achieve. a. impossible b. easy c. difficult d. not necessary

Q: In which of the Packer's models would the adversarial system most likely be used? a. Due process b. Legislative inquiry c. Crime control d. Constitutional liability

Q: According to the text, which of the following groups favors stricter enforcement of the law? a. Liberals b. Conservatives c. Moderates d. Anarchists

Q: Scholars focused on income policies and social fairness would recommend criminal justice policies that a. focus on how wealthy class abuse the criminal justice system. b. create a correctional system that offers rigid sentences since the poor are affected the most by crime. c. establish economic and social justice. d. reflectall of these options.

Q: What entity in our society is primarily responsible for crime and justice issues? a. Government b. Interest groups c. Grassroots groups d. Scholars

Q: Crimes referred to as mala prohibita are considered wrong in themselves. a. True b. False

Q: Victimless crimes are often mala prohibita offenses and may include gambling, prostitution, and marijuana use. a. True b. False

Q: Political crimes committed against the government are often ideologically driven. a. True b. False

Q: The due process model is viewed as the "obstacle course model." a. True b. False

Q: The crime control model is viewed as the "obstacle course model". a. True b. False

Q: Misdemeanors are serious crimes punishable by incarceration of more than one year in prison. a. True b. False

Q: Criminal justice can best be seen as a social system. a. True b. False

Q: Crime and justice are policy issues. a. True b. False

Q: Men in the age group 32 to 36 years old are the most crime-prone. a. True b. False

Q: Identity theft is a huge problem that typically affects young, lower-class females. a. True b. False

Q: Public order crimes include public drunkenness, vandalism, and disorderly conduct. a. True b. False

Q: Street crimes are the least profitable for the offender. a. True b. False

Q: It is easy to point to specific factors that increase or decrease the crime rates. a. True b. False

Q: Males in the 16-24 age cohort are the group most likely to commit crimes. a. True b. False

Q: American crime rates have dropped since the early 1980s for many crimes. a. True b. False

Q: High-profile criminal cases are typical of the nature of crime in the United States. a. True b. False

Q: FBI data show that crime is continually increasing. a. True b. False

Q: The UCR and NCVS do not provide a clear picture of the amount of crime because of the differences in the way each of them measures crime. a. True b. False

Q: Criminal justice researchers have a relatively easy time keeping track of the occurrence of crime because of the prevalence of accurate crime data. a. True b. False

Q: Legislators write and approve laws in their desire to address problems, please the public, and gain reelection. a. True b. False

Q: The risk of lethal violence is much higher in the United States than in other industrial democracies. a. True b. False

Q: In Western democracies, there are relatively few political crimes. a. True b. False

Q: Visible crimes are typically committed by older career criminals in their 40s. a. True b. False

Q: The public's attitudes towards drugs and budgetary concerns has led to a reconsideration of the drug policies by government officials. a. True b. False

Q: Most types of occupational crime are profitable and do not come to the public's attention. a. True b. False

Q: Crime policies are often enacted that are popular with the public, but do little to actually reduce crime. a. True b. False

Q: Misdemeanors are usually punished by sentences of more than 1 year in prison. a. True b. False

Q: Most countries globally share a uniform definition of rape. a. True b. False

Q: The due process model is not concerned with freedom or liberty. a. True b. False

Q: The crime control model suggests that the criminal justice system operates to emphasize efforts to repress crime. a. True b. False

Q: American laws reflect the desire to prevent unnecessary deprivations of liberty. a. True b. False

Q: Conservatives believe in strict enforcement of the law by expanding police forces. a. True b. False

Q: In a democracy, it is easy to maintain public order and protect individual freedom. a. True b. False

Q: One of the hallmarks of justice in a democracy is the rights extended to an accused person. a. True b. False

Q: Politicians often try to be "tough on crime" without fully understanding the costs and consequences of such policies. a. True b. False

Q: According to your authors, a correctional leader should articulate her or his ____________________ of corrections and establish a clear policy to guide its implementation.

Q: A ___________ is a situation that forces one to choose between two or more alternatives.

Q: When the nation's top penologists and social reformers met in Cincinnati in 1870, they affirmed a mission of _____________ that became a model for correctional systems across the globe.

Q: The ________________, a division of the Federal Bureau of Prisons, is a national clearinghouse of information about correctional practices.

Q: Since 1973, the US imprisonment rate has increased from 100 people per 100,000 to almost ________ per 100,000.

Q: Borrowed from the field of medicine, the ________________ creates an experiment in which some people are given a treatment and an identical group is not.

Q: __________________ is a systematic method of interacting with clients that increases their willingness to change their behavior.

Q: __________________ have made it easier to identify where services need to be located so that clients in reentry can access them more easily.

Q: Tammy's staff retention issues would fall under what area of dilemma?a. personnelb. methodsc. missiond. structure

Q: Tammy is a correctional administrator. She struggles with how to do her job because she feels the goals she is trying to accomplish are always in conflict. Tammy also has issues retaining and motivating staff once they are employed.Based on the information presented in the text, Tammy's frustration regarding the goals of her work could be due toa. an unclear mission.b. boredom.c. her need to micromanage.d. her ongoing issues in her personal life.

Q: The assessment Mason uses is what type of assessment?a. risk assessmentb. remorse assessmentc. readiness assessmentd. rehabilitation assessment

Q: By using electronic monitoring, Mason is usinga. techno-corrections.b. motivational interviewing.c. excessive punishment.d. too much control.

Q: According to the text, Mason's frustration is due toa. political schizophrenia.b. offenders' attitudes.c. victims' demands.d. his lack of work to do.

Q: Mason is a correctional administrator who works primarily with offenders getting out of prison. He is often frustrated by the public's desire to punish criminals but lack of willingness to pay for punishment. Mason has an assessment he uses to help predict who may or may not reoffend. He also often requires offenders to be on electronic monitoring.What part of the correctional process does Mason work in?a. reentryb. revocationc. prosecutiond. investigation

Q: Based on the scenario, it also seems as though Peyton believes ina. motivational interviewing.b. criticizing offenders for the offense they committed.c. setting up offenders for failure.d. the inability for offenders to change behavior.

Q: Peyton's belief in using correctional practice that works fits in witha. evidence-based practices.b. techno-correctionsc. personnel issuesd. a strong belief in punishment for all offenders

Q: Why would Peyton not apply for an entry-level corrections position?a. It is likely to have a low starting salary.b. She's not a good fit to work in corrections.c. Females can"t work in corrections.d. She lacks the proper education for working in corrections.

Q: Peyton is a single mother with some significant financial obligations. She has a good job in retail but has always dreamed of becoming a probation officer. She would like to enter corrections work in an entry-level position as soon as possible. She has a degree in criminal justice and is a strong believer that when working with correctional clients, methods that have been proven to work must be used. She also understands that interacting with clients in a way that increases their willingness to change behavior is important.Based on the information above, what would be a good starting position for Peyton?a. correctional officerb. wardenc. parole officerd. law enforcement officer

Q: According to the text, the US correctional system today is far more ____________ than it has been for a long time, maybe forever.a. punitiveb. lenientc. disorganizedd. structured

Q: According to the text, when a leader's skills fit the situation, a. effective leadership follows. b. crime is guaranteed to decline. c. crime is guaranteed to climb. d. prisons will be run more tightly.