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Counseling
Q:
Mike was sitting in his home watching a late-night baseball game when he heard what sounded like someone trying to break into his home. He immediately went to his closet and retrieved his 9mm. Within seconds, two men broke through the door armed with their own guns. Mike quickly shot both men and immediately called law enforcement. When first responders arrived on the scene, both men were pronounced dead. Mike was in shock that he actually was responsible for the death of two men. Within 6 months, Mike was informed that he was being sued by one of the deceased intruder's family members for wrongful death. Mike wondered if his rights would be validated.
Mike will not be charged with this crime because he most likely used the justification defense of
a. entrapment.
b. self-defense.
c. necessity.
d. duress.
Q:
In reality therapy, the purpose of developing an action plan is:
a. to encourage clients to stretch beyond their limits.
b. to teach clients to "think big."
c. to arrange for successful experience.
d. to arrive at the ultimate solution to a client's problem.
e. both (a) and (b)
Q:
.One morning, Rashaad arrives at work feeling under the weather. By lunch time, he decides to take sick leave and go home. Upon arrival at his house, he sees his best friend's car in the driveway. Rashaad becomes concerned that something may be wrong with his wife. As he opens the door to his bedroom, he sees his wife and best friend in a compromising position. In shock, Rashaad grabs his gun, and shoots and kills his wife and friend.
Rashaad claims the medicine he took for his illness created angry mood swings and he is therefore not guilty based on
a. mens rea.
b. concurrence.
c. actus reus.
d. causation.
Q:
Who among the following is not considered a relational Gestalt therapist?
a. Fritz Perls
b. Laura Perls
c. Miriam Polster
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Q:
.One morning, Rashaad arrives at work feeling under the weather. By lunch time, he decides to take sick leave and go home. Upon arrival at his house, he sees his best friend's car in the driveway. Rashaad becomes concerned that something may be wrong with his wife. As he opens the door to his bedroom, he sees his wife and best friend in a compromising position. In shock, Rashaad grabs his gun, and shoots and kills his wife and friend.
Rashaad states that he was not in the proper state of mind when the murders were committed. Which excuse defense is he most likely to use?
a. Duress
b. Entrapment
c. Mistake of fact
d. Insanity
Q:
A person experiencing persistent feelings of inadequacy has probably had difficulty attaining a sense of _________ during the_________ stage.
a. intimacy; young adulthood
b. identity; adolescent
c. integrity; later life
d. initiative; preschool age
e. industry; school age
Q:
.One morning, Rashaad arrives at work feeling under the weather. By lunch time, he decides to take sick leave and go home. Upon arrival at his house, he sees his best friend's car in the driveway. Rashaad becomes concerned that something may be wrong with his wife. As he opens the door to his bedroom, he sees his wife and best friend in a compromising position. In shock, Rashaad grabs his gun, and shoots and kills his wife and friend.
Rashaad committed the act of murder, which is prohibited by the law in all states in the United States. This is known as
a. legality.
b. actus reus.
c. illegality.
d. causation.
Q:
A key technique of Adlerian therapy is:
a. free association
b. dialogue with polarities.
c. family sculpting.
d. changing one's language.
e. the assessment of one's family constellation.
Q:
.One morning, Rashaad arrives at work feeling under the weather. By lunch time, he decides to take sick leave and go home. Upon arrival at his house, he sees his best friend's car in the driveway. Rashaad becomes concerned that something may be wrong with his wife. As he opens the door to his bedroom, he sees his wife and best friend in a compromising position. In shock, Rashaad grabs his gun, and shoots and kills his wife and friend.
Rashaad killed his wife and friend by an act of commission. This is the
a. mens rea.
b. concurrence.
c. actus reus.
d. causation.
Q:
One morning, Rashaad arrives at work feeling under the weather. By lunch time, he decides to take sick leave and go home. Upon arrival at his house, he sees his best friend's car in the driveway. Rashaad becomes concerned that something may be wrong with his wife. As he opens the door to his bedroom, he sees his wife and best friend in a compromising position. In shock, Rashaad grabs his gun, and shoots and kills his wife and friend.
Rashaad's intent was to kill his wife and friend. It could be said he had a guilty state of mind, which would be his
a. mens rea.
b. concurrence.
c. actus reus.
d. causation.
Q:
When reality therapists explore a client's past, they tend to focus on:
a. relationships within the family.
b. early traumatic events.
c. problems in school performance.
d. past successes.
e. developmental problems.
Q:
Shelby was charged and convicted by a jury in afederal court for violation of federal gun laws. Which of the following is true?
a. The Incorporation Doctrine means that the federal government must follow state laws and the conviction should be overturned.
b. Shelby can appeal her conviction based on the fundamental fairness clause of the Fourth Amendment.
c. Since Shelby never admitted to the crime, she cannot be tried a second time.
d. The prohibition against double jeopardy applies only to the same crime and the same jurisdiction.
Q:
The person-centered model has been widely adapted to include such areas as family therapy, crisis counseling and classroom education.
Q:
Shelby was allowed to present her case in a public trial. This right was given to her based upon which amendment?
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Eighth Amendment
Q:
In Erikson's view, the major developmental task in adolescence is:
a. intimacy vs. isolation.
b. integrity vs. despair.
c. identity vs. role confusion.
d. initiative vs. guilt.
e. identity vs. shame and doubt.
Q:
Shelby was found not guilty by an impartial jury. This right is protected by which amendment?
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Eighth Amendment
Q:
In which of the following approaches to therapy does the therapist become active and directive, functioning as a trainer for the client?
a. existential therapy
b. person-centered therapy
c. behavior therapy
d. Gestalt therapy
e. psychoanalytic therapy
Q:
Shelby cannot be retried for the same crime in the same jurisdiction based upon.
a. incorporation.
b. fundamental fairness.
c. self-incrimination.
d. double jeopardy.
Q:
A reality therapist will primarily focus on:
a. past behavior.
b. present behavior.
c. feelings.
d. thoughts.
e. the client's personal history.
Q:
The person-centered approach is not particularly well-suited to multi-cultural counseling.
Q:
The courts have generally upheld the view that ignorance of the law is not an excuse for committing an illegal act, but if an accused person has made a(n) _________, that may serve as a defense.
a. mistake of fact
b. mistake of intoxication
c. exception of infancy
d. mistake of duress
Q:
Three factorsthe act (actus reus), the attendant circumstances,and the state of mind (mens rea)are together called the ______ of a crime.
a. inchoate element
b. concurrence
c. legality
d. elements
Q:
What is the correct sequence of the psychosexual stages?
a. anal/phallic/latency/genital/oral
b. oral/anal/phallic/latency/genital
c. oral/anal/latency/genital/phallic
d. latency/oral/anal/phallic/genital
e. latency/anal/oral/phallic/genital
Q:
An Adlerian therapist would:
a. maintain an aloof stance.
b. establish a cooperative relationship based on equality.
c. take the role of expert.
d. take the role of a friendly parent.
e. avoid sharing personal reactions.
Q:
Which term describes the causal relationship between an act and the harm suffered?
a. Legality.
b. Actus reus.
c. Causation.
d. Harm.
Q:
Reality therapists are likely to deal with all of the following except for:
a. what a client is currently doing.
b. what clients are thinking and feeling, when this relates to what they are doing.
c. a client's relationships with significant others.
d. assisting clients in developing an action plan geared for change.
e. asking clients to recall, report, and share dreams.
Q:
_________ is the confiscation of property by the state because it was used in or acquired through a crime.
a. Confiscation
b. Civil forfeiture
c. Seizure
d. Land grab
Q:
________ are the basic laws of a country or state defining the structure of the government and the relationship of citizens to that government.
a. Constitutions
b. Administrative regulations
c. Statutes
d. Common laws
Q:
The conditions of the therapeutic environment are a key factor in person-centered therapy.
Q:
Laws passed by legislatures and statutory definitions of criminal offenses are found in penal codes and
a. written law.
b. statutes.
c. common law.
d. case law.
Q:
The libido is best described as:
a. an aggressive drive.
b. a source of motivation.
c. a source of sexual energy.
d. both (b) and (c) are true
e. none of the above
Q:
The Anglo-American system of uncodified law, in which judges follow precedents set by earlier decisions when they decide for new but similar cases, is ______ law.
a. written
b. statute
c. common
d. case
Q:
Which of the following approaches encourages therapists to accurately grasp the client's "being in the world"?
a. psychoanalytic therapy
b. Adlerian therapy
c. behavior therapy
d. rational emotive behavior therapy
e. existential therapy
Q:
According to reality therapy, which of the following is not true as it relates to mental illness and mental health?
a. Psychosis can be directly related to distorted thinking patterns.
b. Mental health is equated with responsibility in fulfilling one's needs.
c. Mental illness is what happens when people cannot control the world to satisfy their needs.
d. Mental illness is not a reaction to external events.
e. We choose neurotic or psychotic behavior.
Q:
According to the Sixth Amendment, a jury must be
a. of the same race as the defendant.
b. sympathetic to the defendant.
c. well educated, to understand the proceedings.
d. created from a representative pool of the community.
Q:
Natalie Rogers is no longer an active contributor to the person-centered approach.
Q:
Which amendment requires the amount of bail not to be excessive?
a. Seventh Amendment
b. Eighth Amendment
c. Ninth Amendment
d. Tenth Amendment
Q:
The right against cruel and unusual punishment is found in the
a. Seventh Amendment.
b. Eighth Amendment.
c. Ninth Amendment.
d. Tenth Amendment.
Q:
In Freud's view, an individual experiencing neurotic anxiety feels:
a. he has behaved in a manner that is inconsistent with his moral code.
b. a realistic threat is present in the environment.
c. he will not be able to control his instincts and will behave inappropriately.
d. guilt associated with past actions.
Q:
In which therapy approach is the client viewed as the expert on his or her own life, while the therapist is seen as an expert questioner who assists clients in freeing themselves of their problem-saturated stories and create new life-affirming stories?
a. existential therapy
b. narrative therapy
c. rational emotive behavior therapy
d. person-centered therapy
e. psychoanalytic therapy
Q:
The right to a trial by jury is guaranteed by the
a. Fourth Amendment.
b. Fifth Amendment.
c. Sixth Amendment.
d. Seventh Amendment.
Q:
The right to counsel in felony cases was applied to the states in the landmark case of
a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961).
b. Weeks v. United States (1914).
c. Barron v. Baltimore (1833).
d. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963).
Q:
Reality therapy is based on which of the following orientations to understanding human behavior?
a. radical behaviorism
b. psychoanalytic
c. existential-phenomenological
d. deterministic
e. person-centered theory
Q:
The privilege against self-incrimination is found in the
a. Third Amendment.
b. Fourth Amendment.
c. Fifth Amendment.
d. Sixth Amendment.
Q:
The person-centered approach places emphasis on the necessary and sufficient conditions for change.
Q:
The double jeopardy clause is found in the
a. Third Amendment.
b. Fourth Amendment.
c. Fifth Amendment.
d. Sixth Amendment.
Q:
The Electra complex and the Oedipus complex are associated with what psychosexual stage of development?
a. anal stage
b. genital stage
c. oral stage
d. phallic stage
e. latency stage
Q:
Which amendment contains the warrant clause?
a. First Amendment
b. Second Amendment
c. Third Amendment
d. Fourth Amendment
Q:
In which of the following approaches does the therapist show concern for the client by a process of involvement throughout the course of therapy?
a. reality therapy
b. Gestalt therapy
c. family systems therapy
d. psychoanalytic therapy
e. solution-focused therapy
Q:
Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case required the courts to provide attorneys for poor defendants facing the death penalty?
a. Furman v. Georgia (1972)
b. Weeks v. United States (1914)
c. Barron v. Baltimore (1833)
d. Powell v. Alabama (1932)
Q:
All of the following are true about planning and commitment in reality therapy, except:
a. Clients make a commitment to carry out their plans.
b. There is a connection between a person's identity and their level of commitment.
c. A great deal of time is spent on this step of reality therapy.
d. Commitment puts the responsibility for changing on the client.
e. Therapists only ask for commitments that are reasonable.
Q:
Person-centered therapy groups emphasize self-acceptance and self-reliance.
Q:
Which chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court led a legal revolution that expanded the constitutional rights of criminal defendants?
a. Rehnquist
b. Marshall
c. Taney
d. Warren
Q:
The process of redirecting sexual energy into some form of socially acceptable behavior is known as:
a. displacement.
b. denial.
c. compensation.
d. sublimation.
e. none of the above
Q:
The right to a fair trial is found in the ______ Amendment.
a. Third
b. Fourth
c. Fifth
d. Sixth
Q:
Which amendment protects privacy by barring unreasonable searches by the police?
a. Third
b. Fourth
c. Fifth
d. Sixth
Q:
According to traditional psychoanalytic therapy, the therapist:
a. must establish an authentic encounter with the client.
b. should display genuineness and warmth.
c. remains anonymous.
d. is a teacher.
e. refuses to give up on the client.
Q:
Today the test used by most states to determine insanity is called the _____ test.
a. nolo contendere
b. IQ
c. moral compass
d. right-from-wrong
Q:
Which of the following is not a function of the reality therapist?
a. focusing on areas in the client's life that need improvement so that they can achieve a
"success identity"
b. setting limits in the therapeutic setting
c. getting clients to be specific about how they will make desired changes
d. confronting clients by not accepting their excuses
e. helping clients reformulate their plans, if necessary
Q:
Carl Rogers encourages counselors to use caring confrontations with their clients.
Q:
The idea that insanity may involve a different combination of many factorsin each case at the time the crime is committed is called the
a. Durham Rule.
b. M"Naghten Rule.
c. substantial capacity test.
d. irresistible impulse test.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the insanity defense?
a. Many criminals escape punishment using the insanity defense.
b. Criminals never use the insanity defense.
c. The insanity defense is rarely used by criminals.
d. The American criminal system has banned the use of the insanity defense.
Q:
The ego defense mechanism that consists of masking perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for limitations is known as:
a. sublimation.
b. compensation.
c. introjection.
d. reaction formation.
e. none of the above
Q:
When people break the law in order to save themselves or prevent a greater harm, they will likely use the defense 0f _______ in court.
a. self-defense
b. entrapment
c. necessity
d. duress
Q:
Empowerment and egalitarianism are the basis of the ________ therapeutic relationship.
a. existential
b. feminist
c. Gestalt
d. psychoanalytic
Q:
Entrapment occurs when a
a. police officer commits a crime.
b. citizen commits a crime in the presence of a police officer.
c. citizen knowingly violates the law.
d. police officer entices a citizen to commit a crime that he or she was not predisposed to commit.
Q:
Which of the following procedures would a reality therapist be least likely to employ?
a. skillful questioning
b. encouraging clients to look at what they are doing
c. making action plans
d. engaging in homework to change behaviors
e. reliving an early childhood event
Q:
An assumption of person-centered therapy is that the counselor's presence is far more powerful than techniques he or she uses to facilitate change.
Q:
A major exception to the mens rea principle is called
a. strict liability.
b. civil forfeiture.
c. minimal scrutiny.
d. actus reus.
Q:
The young adult who adopts his parent's outdated political beliefs to avoid unpleasant feelings of anxiety is an example of:
a. displacement.
b. reaction formation.
c. sublimation.
d. introjection.
Q:
Which of the following is a necessary element in the definition of rape?
a. Physical evidence
b. Witnesses
c. Alcohol use
d. Force
Q:
The phrase that distinguishes murder from nonnegligent manslaughter is
a. parens patriae.
b. mala prohibita.
c. In re Gault.
d. malice aforethought.
Q:
Which of the following approaches to therapy focuses on the scientific method?
a. person-centered therapy
b. Gestalt therapy
c. behavior therapy
d. reality therapy
e. existential therapy
Q:
The elements of a crime are
a. actus reus, inchoate defense, and concurrence.
b. mens rea, inchoate defense, and punishment.
c. attendant circumstances, mens rea, and actus reus.
d. actus reus, causation, and inchoate defense.
Q:
Which of the following is not likely to be used by a reality therapist?
a. the use of drugs and medication
b. the use of hypnosis
c. the analysis of dreams
d. the search for causes of current problems
e. none of the above would be used
Q:
Which of the following indicates that for a crime to occur there must be an act of commission or omission by the accused?
a. Mens rea
b. Inchoate offense
c. Defamation
d. Actus reus
Q:
The term "presence" refers to the counselor's ability to be fully engaged in the therapeutic relationship with the client.
Q:
Manufacturing "good" reasons to explain away a bruised ego, or to explain away failures or losses, is known as:
a. rationalization.
b. projection.
c. displacement.
d. introjection.
e. reaction formation.
Q:
If a person has a guilty mind or a blameworthy state of mind, this describes the element of
a. mens rea.
b. an inchoate offense.
c. defamation.
d. actus reus.
Q:
For an act to be a crime, the intent and the act must exist simultaneously. This is called
a. mens rea.
b. an inchoate offense.
c. concurrence.
d. actus reus.