Q&A Hero

Q: The process in which members learn the symbols, beliefs, and values of a group is called a. working personality. b. spiritualization. c. socialization. d. isolation.

Q: Which of the following feminist principles implies that what has been typically viewed as individual clients' personal problems are really socially and politically caused? a. The person is political. b. The counseling relationship is egalitarian. c. Women's ways of knowing are valued and their experiences are honored. d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress. e. All types of oppression are recognized.

Q: Which of the following is true of the women in the police force? a. Women have been serving as police officers since the early 1800s. b. The smaller the police department, the higher the proportion of women as sworn officers. c. Women face little to no prejudice today in police work. d. Women remain a minority in most police departments, and face a variety of challenges.

Q: Gestalt techniques can be considered as experiments.

Q: Which of the following is true regarding the changing profile of a police officer? a. Most police officers are either women or a racial or ethnic minority b. Today almost 1 in 3 officers is female. c. The percentage of female officers has not changed since the 1970s. d. The percentage of female officers has doubled since the 1970s, but females still comprise only about 12% of all officers.

Q: Resistance, in the analytic view, results from either a conscious unwillingness on the part of the client to cooperate, or from the ineptness of the therapist in developing a sound therapeutic program.

Q: Which of the following approaches would ask Stan to focus on systemic issues? a. family therapy b. Gestalt therapy c. psychoanalytic therapy d. person-centered therapy e. solution-focused therapy

Q: Which of the following is not a requirement of a must recruits must s pass to become a police officer? a. Psychological tests b. Background check c. Fitness test d. IQ test

Q: Which of the following is not a characteristic that applies to the job of a law enforcement officer? a. Training is required. b. Pay scales are high. c. Physical fitness standards must be met. d. Recruits must lack a criminal record.

Q: Which of the following feminist principles recognizes the importance of working against oppression and discrimination on the basis of race, class, culture, religious beliefs, sexual orientation, age, and disability? a. The person is political. b. The counseling relationship is egalitarian. c. Women's ways of knowing are valued and their experiences are honored. d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress. e. All types of oppression are recognized.

Q: Cooperation since 9/11 among the federal policing agencies has made progress in the sharing of intelligence. a. True b. False

Q: Gestalt therapy focuses on the cognitive aspects of therapy.

Q: In order to have a good rapport with the community, the police officers must depend on the confidence they have in their patrol partner. a. True b. False

Q: Clients in analytic therapy typically free associate to various symbols in their dreams.

Q: New York City created the Commission to Combat Police Corruption that is an entity separate from the department that investigates corruption. a. True b. False

Q: Which one of the following approaches to therapy would pay the least attention to Stan's thought processes? a. rational emotive behavior therapy b. Adlerian therapy c. Gestalt therapy d. reality therapy e. cognitive-behavioral therapies

Q: In contrast to the police, those individuals who work within the lower level private security industry are paid more and receive more training. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the feminist principles views the therapist as simply another source of information, rather than as the expert in the therapy process? a. The person is political. b. The counseling relationship is egalitarian. c. Women's ways of knowing are valued and their experiences are honored. d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress. e. All types of oppression are recognized.

Q: In the Patriot Act, there is no legislation that allows law enforcement access to sneak and peek warrants, warrantless search of third-party records, and access to emails. a. True b. False

Q: Gestaltists typically ask why questions in the attempt to get clients to think about the source of their problems.

Q: The second aspect of the working personality is the need to exert authority. a. True b. False

Q: Analytically oriented therapists typically interpret free associations, dreams, resistances, and transferences.

Q: The Gestalt approach to helping Stan resolve issues from his past would involve: a. asking him to bring these significant people to future therapy sessions. b. talking in detail about past experiences. c. interpreting his dreams by using universal symbolism. d. reliving and reexperiencing painful scenes. e. examining Stan's stages of development for fixations.

Q: The educational level of new police recruits is a factor that influences who applies to be a law enforcement officer. a. True b. False

Q: When a force employs police officers from all demographic groups, the police gain legitimacy because they are seen as reflecting the interests of all people, and there may be reductions in race-based disparities affecting who is stopped, searched, or arrested. a. True b. False

Q: All of the following are characteristic of gender-biased theories except for the concept or practice of: a. gendercentricism. b. heterosexism. c. intrapsychic orientation. d. interactionist orientation. e. determinism.

Q: Forensic analysis of hair, semen, and blood can only be used to determine guilt; these findings cannot be used to establish the innocence of incarcerated people. a. True b. False

Q: The goal of Gestalt therapy is to solve basic problems, to resolve one's polarities, and to help the individual to adjust to his or her environment.

Q: Problem-oriented policing tries to find the underlying causes of crime. a. True b. False

Q: Free association is one of the basic tools used to gain access to the unconscious.

Q: The community policing philosophy is an approach that stresses police control of the community. a. True b. False

Q: What are some Gestalt techniques that would help Stan deal with the unfinished business concerning his ex-wife? a. having him "speak" to her in the present b. "staying with the feeling" c. the rehearsal experiment d. all of the above

Q: Modern-day police practices use patrol units with two officers. a. True b. False

Q: Feminist therapists, regardless of their philosophical orientation, believe all of the following except that: a. gender is at the core of therapeutic practice. b. human development and interaction are similar across races, cultures, and nations. c. understanding a client's problems requires adopting a sociocultural perspective. d. the client-therapist relationship should be an egalitarian one. e. empowerment of the individual and societal changes are core goals of therapy.

Q: Police help maintain order by enforcing traffic laws. a. True b. False

Q: One of the contributions of Gestalt therapy is the vast empirical research that has been done to validate the specific techniques used.

Q: All analytically oriented therapists subscribe to the model of the "anonymous therapist" or the "blank screen" as a necessary way to foster transference.

Q: All police departments have equipment to perform DNA analysis. a. True b. False

Q: Which therapeutic approach would work to help Stan recognize, claim, and embrace his personal power? a. narrative therapy b. rational emotive behavior therapy c. reality therapy d. feminist therapy e. existential therapy

Q: The presence of a patrol officer in a community can be a major factor in reducing crime. a. True b. False

Q: The four feminist philosophies of liberal, cultural, radical, and socialist have in common: a. the same view of the sources of oppression of women. b. the same methods of bringing about societal change. c. the same goal of activism. d. a basic agreement that the therapist is the expert. e. a basic agreement on the value of diagnosis in counseling.

Q: Every department has the same number of vice and juvenile units. a. True b. False

Q: Quantifying police work is relatively easy. a. True b. False

Q: Gestalt therapy is designed for individual counseling, and it typically does not work well in groups.

Q: New communications technology within police departments has tended to fragment decision making. a. True b. False

Q: Analytic therapists view transference as a factor that results from ineffective intervention on the therapist's part.

Q: Which therapeutic approach would place the least emphasis on having Stan explore his feelings about his ex-wife? a. psychoanalytic therapy b. behavior therapy c. Gestalt therapy d. person-centered therapy e. both (b) and (c)

Q: Police are mainly reactive when they respond to citizen calls reporting criminal activity. a. True b. False

Q: Police departments have not responded adequately in addressing the issue of stress. a. True b. False

Q: Police officers rarely feel isolated from the public. a. True b. False

Q: From the perspective of feminist therapy, the socialization of women inevitably affects their: a. identity development. b. self-concept. c. goals and aspirations. d. emotional well-being. e. all of the above

Q: An occupational environment affects the way a person interprets reality. a. True b. False

Q: Gestalt therapy relies mainly on psychoanalytic techniques.

Q: Police rarely perceive the public as hostile. a. True b. False

Q: The Oedipal complex and the Electra complex are associated with the genital stage of development.

Q: The nature of police work can make officers very suspicious of citizens whom they encounter. a. True b. False

Q: According to a person-centered therapist, the most important aspect of therapy with Stan will be: a. the therapeutic relationship. b. the exploration of his past. c. putting insights into action. d. teaching him to think in new, positive ways. e. active listening.

Q: Reality therapy has strong empirical support.

Q: Police officers are expected to obey rules and respect superiors. a. True b. False

Q: Police officers require only formal training to understand all the aspects of their job. a. True b. False

Q: The Gestalt approach to dream work consists of the therapist interpreting the meaning of the symbols in the dream.

Q: The latency stage occurs between the ages of 5 to 12.

Q: The police officer's job demands interpersonal skills such as quick to anger. a. True b. False

Q: Stan's person-centered therapist would see Stan as a man who: a. needs help in setting goals. b. has unresolved issues from his past. c. must face the fact that he is ultimately alone. d. needs to learn to live with his anxiety. e. possesses the necessary resources for personal growth.

Q: Even today, research indicates that women may be subject to more sexual harassment as police officers than their male counterparts. a. True b. False

Q: Regarding group work, members provide one another with feedback regarding their choices and plans.

Q: Currently, about one in five officers is a racial or ethnic minority group member. a. True b. False

Q: Police officers today have more formal education than their predecessors. a. True b. False

Q: According to Perls, awareness of and by itself is not sufficient to lead to change; clients must also put their experiences into some type of cognitive framework if change is to happen.

Q: The phallic stage typically occurs during the ages of 1 to 3.

Q: Budget cuts had a negative impact on evidence-based policing. a. True b. False

Q: The therapy approach most likely to focus directly on helping Stan to stop using alcohol and drugs would be: a. person-centered therapy. b. Gestalt therapy. c. behavior therapy. d. existential therapy. e. psychoanalytic therapy.

Q: The Crime Stoppers Program is designed to enlist public help in solving crimes. a. True b. False

Q: Police policy regarding domestic violence has changed as a result of lawsuits filed against police departments by injured women. a. True b. False

Q: Robert Wubboding stresses the importance of the an engaging therapeutic environment.

Q: Gestalt therapy makes use of a wide variety of techniques that are designed to increase the client's awareness of his or her present experiencing.

Q: Abusive husbands who are arrested and briefly jailed are more likely to commit acts of domestic violence again. a. True b. False

Q: According to Freudians, greediness and hoarding may develop as a result of not getting oral needs properly met.

Q: The most likely victims of domestic violence are younger women from low-income families. a. True b. False

Q: How might an existential therapist work with Stan's depression and suicidal thoughts? a. by examining his faulty belief system b. by confronting Stan with the issue of finding meaning and purpose in his life c. by using active listening and reflection as Stan talks about his feelings d. by determining the nature of his shadow e. both (a) and (b)