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Counseling
Q:
Dylan will be teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the use-of-force continuum. A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an unarmed suspect, which left the community enraged. Dylan plans to pay particular attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in his department. Which court case will Dylan spend significant time discussing in regard to the use of deadly force?
a. Tennessee v. Garner
b. Mapp v. Ohio
c. Gideon v. Wainwright
d. Miranda v. Arizona
Q:
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an effective self-management program?
a. External reinforcement is essential in maintaining behavioral changes.
b. Consistent use of self-management strategies is essential.
c. Realistic goals must be set and consistently evaluated.
d. The use of self-reinforcement is important.
e. Environmental support is important in maintaining changes.
Q:
Dylan will be teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the use-of-force continuum. A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an unarmed suspect, which left the community enraged. Dylan plans to pay particular attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in his department. Dylan is going to spend ample time on less-lethal force. Which is not one of the methods he will discuss?
a. Nightstick
b. Pepper spray
c. Choke hold
d. Taser
Q:
One contribution of Adlerian therapy is that:
a. practitioners are given a great deal of freedom in working with their clients.
b. it offers a well-defined theory of personality.
c. many of its concepts have been supported by research.
d. it is a common-sense psychology.
Q:
It is possible to incorporate the principle of feminist therapy with a multicultural perspective.
Q:
Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department. Apparently, two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets. Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly. Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community. Micah dreaded what was about to happen to their department. As expected, the department was at risk of losing its accreditation once the media became aware of the situation. Then another outside agency became involved with the authority to review the actions of the department called a
a. Citizens United Agency
b. Media Watchdog
c. Community Action League
d. Civilian Review Board
Q:
Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department. Apparently, two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets. Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly. Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community. Micah dreaded what was about to happen to their department. Micah has uncovered a wealth of information that compromises both officers. Micah knows the media will exploit the problems in the department. Micah is terrified that the department will lose its accreditation. The department has its accreditation through which agency?
a. Civilian Review Board
b. Commission on Accreditation for Law EnforcementAgencies (CALEA)
c. Civil Liability Board
d. Commission to Combat Police Corruption
Q:
Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department. Apparently, two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets. Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly. Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community. Micah dreaded what was about to happen to their department. Which most closely matches the blue-coat crime activities of Micah's fellow officers?
a. Mooching
b. Chiseling
c. Shakedown
d. Shopping
Q:
Which of the following is not true about how behavior therapists function in the therapeutic setting?
a. They use techniques such as summarizing, reflection, clarification, and open-ended questioning.
b. They focus on specific aspects of problems.
c. They systematically assess for information about all aspects of the problem.
d. They serve as a model for the client.
e. All of the above are true.
Q:
One way that clients in Adlerian therapy are encouraged to change is:
a. by changing early decisions.
b. by understanding the roots of their problems.
c. by "acting as if" they were already the way they want to be.
d. both (a) and (b)
Q:
Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department. Apparently, two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets. Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly. Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community. Micah dreaded what was about to happen to their department. The officers whom Micah has to investigate are allegedly involved in a high level of corruption. The officers would be considered
a. meat eaters.
b. grass eaters.
c. moochers.
d. chiselers.
Q:
Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their department. Apparently, two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets. Micah reviewed both officers' cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were down significantly. Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the community. Micah dreaded what was about to happen to their department. Micah most likely works for which unit in the police department?
a. Special Victims Unit
b. Homicide
c. Vice
d. Internal affairs
Q:
Traditional theories of counseling consider external circumstances and environmental factors at the root of psychological problems.
Q:
B. F. Skinner is associated with which of the following trends in the behavioral approach?
a. classical conditioning
b. operant conditioning
c. multimodal therapy
d. dialectical behavior therapy
e. relaxation training
Q:
Reorientation, the fourth phase of Adlerian therapy, involves:
a. putting insights into action.
b. helping clients see new alternatives.
c. helping clients come to understand their own part in creating their problems.
d. both (a) and (b)
e. both (b) and (c)
Q:
Which of the following is not a major effect on law enforcement resulting from police corruption?
a. Suspects are left free to engage in further crime.
b. Morale is damaged and supervision becomes lax.
c. The image of the police suffers.
d. Officers have better chances of promotion.
Q:
Rapport with the community is enhanced when citizens feel sure that the police will protect their persons and property and the rights guaranteed by the:
a. Magna Carta
b. Constitution
c. Declaration of Independence
d. Federalist Papers
Q:
Feminist therapy incorporates techniques from many of the various traditional approaches.
Q:
Who has done most of the work in the area of modeling?
a. Joseph Wolpe
b. Hans Eysenck
c. E. Jacobson
d. Arnold Lazarus
e. Albert Bandura
Q:
Lawsuits charging brutality, false arrest, and negligence are brought in state and _______ courts.
a. federal
b. local
c. county
d. international
Q:
The Department of ____________ was formed after the events of September 11, 2001.
a. International Affairs
b. Terrorism
c. FBI
d. Homeland Security
Q:
During the phase of analysis and assessment, the Adlerian therapist:
a. explores the family constellation.
b. asks for early recollections.
c. offers tentative interpretations.
d. all of the above
e. all but (c)
Q:
Bibliotherapy is frequently used in feminist therapy.
Q:
Weapons such as pepper spray and air-fired beanbags or nets that are intended to incapacitate a suspect without inflicting serious injuries are known as _________ weapons.
a. lethal
b. less-lethal
c. nonlethal
d. brutality
Q:
Which of the following is not a basic characteristic of behavior therapy?
a. Treatment goals are specific and concrete.
b. It is grounded in learning theory.
c. Many specific techniques are supported by research.
d. The therapist is manipulative and controlling.
e. Emphasis is given to observing overt behaviors.
Q:
Through the use of _____________ technology and software, police departments can analyze hot spots, crime trends, and other crime patterns.
a. CODIS
b. IAFIS
c. geographic information system
d. TSA
Q:
The advancement of new technologies in police work can be found in
a. body armor.
b. gun-shot detection.
c. airport scanners.
d. all of the above.
Q:
Which of the following is not true about the Adlerian concept of "private logic"?
a. It is a result of the feelings and emotions we experience in our daily lives.
b. It provides a central psychological unity for us.
c. It is the philosophy upon which we base our lifestyle.
d. It often does not conform to the reality of social living.
Q:
Which model lets officers contract independently with permission?
a. Officer contract model
b. Conflict-of-interest model
c. Union brokerage model
d. Department contract model
Q:
Feminist therapists work to demystify the counseling relationship.
Q:
Which statement is untrue?
a. Behavioral and humanistic approaches cannot be reconciled.
b. Current behavior therapy is grounded on a deterministic view of persons.
c. Behavioral methods can be used to attain humanistic ends.
d. Contemporary behavior therapy focuses on how people are determined by their social and cultural environments.
e. Contemporary behavior therapy is increasingly concerned with behavioral control.
Q:
Which model designed to manage off-duty employment of officers permits close control by police supervisors of the off-duty work performed by their officers?
a. Officer contract model
b. Conflict-of-interest model
c. Union brokerage model
d. Department contract model
Q:
Which of the following aspects are assessed when exploring a client's family constellation?
a. birth order
b. interactions between siblings and parents
c. the child's psychological position in the family
d. all of the above
e. all but (c)
Q:
Feminist therapist avoid sharing their values with clients in order to reduce the chance of value imposition.
Q:
What is (are) the contribution(s) of behavior therapy?
a. It gives a psychodynamic explanation of behavior disorders.
b. It intensifies the client's feelings and subjective experiencing.
c. It makes explicit the role of the therapist as a reinforcer.
d. It blends behavior modification techniques with meditation and acceptance.
e. both (c) and (d)
Q:
In helping clients to examine their mistaken goals and faulty assumptions, an Adlerian therapist does not use:
a. encouragement.
b. challenge and confrontation.
c. open-ended interpretations.
d. interpretation of the transference relationship.
e. both (b) and (c)
Q:
Which of the following is true about public police officers working for private firms?
a. Congress passed a law prohibiting it.
b. If they work for private firms they never retain their full powers as officers.
c. With proper agreements within the police agency, officers may work for private firms and retain full officer powers.
d. Police officers never work for private firms.
Q:
Feminist therapists restrict their practices to women clients.
Q:
Which of the following is not a reason for the rise in private policing?
a. Budgetary constraints upon the states
b. Fear of crime
c. Increase in the supply of people wanting to become police officers
d. Increase in crimes in the workplace
Q:
Behavior therapy is suited for:
a. individual therapy.
b. group therapy.
c. institutions and clinics.
d. classroom learning situations.
e. all of the above
Q:
"Fictional finalism" is an Adlerian term meaning:
a. the unrealistic ideas that we have about the way life should be.
b. our strict adherence to certain beliefs that are not based on reality.
c. an imagined central goal that guides our behavior.
d. our stubborn resistance to change.
Q:
Which of the following is true about private policing?
a. It is a fairly recent development in policing.
b. It developed because of a reduction in crime.
c. It developed because police departments were not hiring.
d. It developed over a long period of time.
Q:
Which of the following is considered a new technology in weapons?
a. Taser
b. Handgun
c. DNA
d. Flexible baton
Q:
The female therapist may share some of her own struggles with sex role oppression with her client.
Q:
For the purpose of apprehending criminal offenders, which of the following is true concerning weapons technology?
a. The U.S. Supreme Court forbids the use of nonlethal weapons against suspected criminals.
b. Nonlethal weapons cannot be used against prisoners.
c. Nonlethal weapons would most likely be used on suspects who might be harmful to themselves or others.
d. Nonlethal weapons are being developed for suspects who are not dangerous.
Q:
Law enforcement officials used a thermal imaging device at a house to detect unusual heat sources that might indicate marijuana being cultivated under "grow lights." Their efforts led to a search of the home and the discovery of 100 marijuana plants. The Supreme Court declared this an illegal search in
a. Kyllo v. United States (2001).
b. Tennessee v. Garner (1985).
c. Graham v. Conner (1989).
d. Terry v. Ohio (1968).
Q:
Behavior therapy techniques:
a. must be suited to the client's problems.
b. typically have empirical support.
c. incorporate mindfulness, acceptance and spirituality into treatment.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Q:
When Adler spoke of individuality, he referred to:
a. the unique way we rewrite our own life script.
b. the unique way we deal with the crises of our development.
c. the unique way we confront our unfinished business.
d. the unique way we develop our own style of striving for competence.
Q:
Which is true about weapons technology?
a. There have been no new advances in weapons technology in the past 50 years.
b. Police departments need to consider nonlethal weapons because departments have been sued over injuring or killing suspects.
c. New technologies in weaponry present no problems at all for police.
d. Police do not have nonlethal weapons currently available for use.
Q:
The acronym CODIS stands for
a. Collinear Debate in Serology.
b. Creativity in Other Devices in Seriousness.
c. Convictions of Deviants in Sentencing.
d. Combined DNA Index System.
Q:
By considering contextual variable, symptoms are reframed as survival strategies.
Q:
Which anxiety reduction technique involves creating a hierarchy of the client's fearful experiences?
a. assertive training
b. operant conditioning
c. systematic desensitization
d. social reinforcement
e. stress inoculation
Q:
Which of the following statements is not true about Alfred Adler?
a. He created child guidance clinics.
b. His early childhood was happy.
c. He worked with Freud for at least eight years.
d. He had much to say about child-rearing practices.
Q:
Which is not one of the main forensic tools used by the police?
a. Fingerprint analysis
b. Blood analysis
c. Hair analysis
d. Genetic coding
Q:
What is known about polygraph, or "lie detector," tests?
a. They are always accurate.
b. They are unreliable.
c. They are always inaccurate.
d. Police never use such tests.
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that lawsuits can be filed against individual officers and agencies when civil rights are violated by the customs and usages of the department in
a. Whren v. U. S. (1996).
b. Maryland v. Wilson (1997).
c. Tennessee v. Garner (1985).
d. Monell v. Department of Social Services for the City of New York (1978).
Q:
Feminist therapists do not tend to engage in self-disclosure because of their concern over unduly influencing the client.
Q:
Social skills training:
a. is a psychoeducational approach to interpersonal growth.
b. involves modeling and reinforcement techniques.
c. uses role playing exercises to simulate social situations.
d. assists clients in learning to express their needs to others.
e. all but (d)
Q:
Which is true concerning police accreditation?
a. It is mandatory for all police departments to follow nationally recognized standards.
b. None of the police departments in the United States follows nationally recognized standards.
c. It is voluntary whether all police departments follow nationally recognized standards.
d. Each police department has its own established standards.
Q:
What is the major argument made by the police against police review boards?
a. The review boards frequently find against officers regardless of evidence.
b. Civilians cannot understand the problems of policing.
c. They should not have the power to investigate individual officers.
d. Only a few of the largest cities use review boards.
Q:
Adlerian therapy has a phenomenological orientation. Thus, the therapist attempts to view the world:a. from an objective frame of reference.b. from his or her own subjective frame of reference.c. from the client's frame of reference.d. from the frame of reference of a particular theory.e. none of the above
Q:
Feminist therapy is not static, but is continually evolving.
Q:
Which of the following is not true regarding behavior therapy?
a. The client must be an active participant.
b. The client is merely passive while the therapist uses techniques.
c. Therapy cannot be imposed on unwilling clients.
d. Both therapist and client need to work together for common goals.
Q:
Which is true concerning Internal Affairs?
a. Internal Affairs maintains formal mechanisms for the public to register complaints.
b. Internal Affairs never views complaints as attacks on the entire department.
c. Internal Affairs usually focuses on grand corruption.
d. It is difficult for Internal Affairs to get officers to provide information.
Q:
Which unit in a police department receives and investigates complaints against officers?
a. Vice
b. Citizen Review Committee
c. Internal Affairs
d. Ethics Violations Department
Q:
Which is a technique used to control the police?
a. Violent protests
b. Media criticism
c. Peaceful protests
d. Civilian review boards
Q:
Which of the following techniques is not used in Adlerian family counseling?
a. the initial interview
b. paradoxical interventions
c. analyzing resistances between members of the family
d. making an appraisal
e. all are used
Q:
Discuss why people become police officers and how they learn to do their jobs.
Q:
Feminist therapists reject:
a. the interactionist view.
b. the androcentric view.
c. the life-span perspective.
d. the relational-cultural theory.
Q:
Which of the following interventions is not associated with the third wave of behavior therapy?
a. dialectical behavior therapy
b. relaxation training
c. acceptance and commitment therapy
d. mindfulness based cognitive therapy
Q:
Describe the main functions of police patrol, investigation, and special operations units.
Q:
Predict the future of law enforcement within the next 10 years. Take into account budget cuts and the vast increases in technology.
Q:
Adlerians view the use of techniques in counseling as:
a. geared to the phase of therapy and the needs of the client.
b. more important than paying attention to the subjective experiences of the client.
c. against their basic philosophy.
d. both (a) and (b)
e. all of the above
Q:
Which of the following is not considered one of the six core principles of feminist therapy?
a. an intrapsychic orientation
b. the person is political
c. commitment to social change
d. recognition of all types of oppression
e. an egalitarian therapeutic relationship
Q:
What is the function of the behavior therapist?
a. to provide modeling for the client
b. to provide a collaborative therapeutic environment
c. to assess specific behavior problems
d. to provide reinforcement for clients
e. all of the above
Q:
Explain how the broken windows theory impacts aggressive patrol.
Q:
Adlerians believe that discouragement:
a. is the basic condition that prevents people from functioning.
b. is basic to the human condition and is to be accepted as part of being alive.
c. can be overcome by encouragement.
d. both (a) and (c)
e. both (b) and (c)
Q:
How does the use of technology within the community benefit both the community and police departments in combating crime?
Q:
A limit of the feminist approach from a diversity perspective is:
a. the tendency to impose personal values upon a client that may not be consistent with the client's cultural framework.
b. the lack of sensitivity to individual differences in clients.
c. the broad focus on respect and equality.
d. their emphasis on use of standardized therapeutic techniques.
Q:
From the perspective of police officer's role and performance in fighting crime, what does the term "intelligence" mean? How have there been improvements in this area?