Q&A Hero

Q: Which is not one of the three concepts on which parole rests? a. Grace b. Contract c. Custody d. Punishment

Q: Civil disabilities might include the inability to do the following except: a. vote. b. haveaccess to the public library. c. enter certain professions. d. live in certain area, such as close to schools.

Q: An action of the executive branch of the state or federal government excusing an offense and absolving the offender is called a(n) a. mandatory release. b. furlough. c. pardon. d. exoneration.

Q: Which is not an example of a civil disability that can be placed on an ex-felon? a. Restrictions in terms of employment b. Denial of the right to vote c. Denial of the right to hold public office d. Forfeiture of all constitutional rights

Q: Who grants pardons in the United States? a. Congress and state legislatures b. Presidents and state governors c. U.S. Supreme Court and state supreme courts d. Attorney General and state attorney generals

Q: ________ courts have been suggested as a method of assessing ex-inmates' adjustment back into society: a. Recidivism b. Parole c. Reentry d. Release

Q: What is one explanation for the high recidivism rate among those offenders released from incarceration? a. Their increased age makes them more likely to commit crimes. b. Their low intelligence makes them more likely to commit crimes. c. A biological propensityto commit crimes. d. A lack of education and training makes them more likely to commit crimes.

Q: What are the "invisible punishments" offenders are subjected to after release from incarceration? a. Difficulties finding a job b. Denial of government assistance c. Unlikelihood of getting married d. Both difficulties finding a job and denial of government assistance

Q: Parolees who are behave according to their conditions of release may be adjusted to _________ surveillance. a. rescinded b. reattributed c. readjustment d. restorative

Q: It can be difficult to place halfway houses in communities due to the public sentiment referred to as a. "no offenders in my neighborhood" (NOIMN). b. "take inmates out of communities" (TIOOC). c. "keep them locked up tight" (KTLUT). d. "not in my backyard" (NIMBY).

Q: What are the two roles played by parole officers? a. Cop and minister b. Warden and cop c. Cop and social worker d. Warden and therapist

Q: According to Travis and Petersilia, which is not a factor that contributes to the reentry problem? a. Reduced powers of parole boards b. Increased drug use by inmates in prison c. Diminished opportunities for inmates to complete rehabilitation programs d. Offenders being incarcerated for longer periods

Q: The temporary release of an inmate from a correctional institution for a visit home is called a. a pardon. b. clemency. c. a furlough. d. a halfway visit.

Q: Up to 90% of released offenders do not participate in transitional programsbecause most released offenders: a. don"t want to use them. b. cannot access them. c. receive this instruction while in prison. d. do not need transitional programs.

Q: When inmates are released from correctional institutions during the day so they may work or attend school, this is called ______ release. a. mandatory b. discretionary c. unconditional d. work and educational

Q: What group is most likely to be unemployed in the United States after release from prison? a. Male Caucasians under the age of 30 b. Male Hispanics under the age of 30 c. Male African Americans under the age of 30 d. Male African Americans aged 30 or over

Q: In most states, who is permitted to attend parole hearings? a. Board members only b. The inmate only c. Correctional officers only d. Board members, the inmate, and correctional officers

Q: The laws and rules that must be followed by parolees are called a. parole conditions. b. the sentencing contract. c. constitutional restrictions. d. conditions of release.

Q: An expiration release means that the inmate a. has died. b. cannot serve any additional time. c. has been granted a furlough. d. isterminally ill.

Q: What is another (politically sensitive) term used for "other conditional release"? a. Mandatory parole b. Mandatory release c. Discretionary release d. Discretionary parole

Q: Which type of release involves the parole board making decisions? a. Mandatory release b. Discretionary release c. Unconditional release d. Community release

Q: When an inmate is released after he or she has served time equal to the total sentence minus good time, this is called _____ release. a. mandatory b. discretionary c. unconditional d. community

Q: Which actor/entity typically determines discretionary release of state prisoners? a. State prison release commissioner b. Parole board c. State supreme court d. Prison warden

Q: Which is the most commonly used method of release into the community? a. Discretionary release b. Judicial release c. Mandatory release d. Expiration release

Q: Which is not a concept upon which parole is based? a. Grace b. Rehabilitation c. Contract d. Custody

Q: Which is true about parole boards? a. Parole boards have become hesitant in granting parole for fear of being perceived as "soft" on crime. b. Parole boards are always comprised of corrections experts. c. Parole boards can predict accurately the future behavior of an offender. d. Parole boards are always independent from the department of corrections.

Q: In the early parole system in the United States, prisoners were released on parole when a. their sentences expired. b. the prisons became full. c. the victims consented to their release. d. their conduct showed they were ready to return.

Q: Which is not a function of the parole officer as social worker? a. Help the parolee find a job and restore family ties. b. Channel parolees to social agencies where they can obtain help. c. Lead prayer meetings and church socials. d. Develop a relationship with the parolee.

Q: The earliest forms of parole used a. ISP. b. pardons of leave. c. tickets of leave. d. responsibility vouchers.

Q: Which facility allows inmates to spend a portion of the day at work but reside in a nonsecure facility outside of prison? a. Minimum security prison b. Halfway house c. Ticket of leave d. Furlough

Q: A pardon is an action of the executive branch of state or federal government which absolvesthe offender from the consequences of the crime. a. True b. False

Q: There is always the potential for revocation of parole. a. True b. False

Q: Wrongway houses are transitional facility for soon-to-be-released inmates. a. True b. False

Q: There is no discretion involved in the release date with mandatory releases. a. True b. False

Q: Tickets of leave were the forerunner of the modern-day parole system. a. True b. False

Q: All states must assist reentry though the creation of reentry institutions. a. True b. False

Q: The civil disabilities of ex-felons can include loss of the right to vote and to hold public office. a. True b. False

Q: Parole decisions can be made arbitrarily, depending on the whims of the parole board. a. True b. False

Q: Pardons are sometimes given to remedy a miscarriage of justice. a. True b. False

Q: A pardon will not erase the criminal record of an offender. a. True b. False

Q: The Second Chance Act, signed into law by George W. Bush, authorizes states to punish parole offenders more harshly. a. True b. False

Q: Civil disabilities imposed on ex-felons can hinder their complete reintegration into society. a. True b. False

Q: Many parolees "max out" on time and cannot be held any longer, regardless of how the parole board feels about the inmate. a. True b. False

Q: Most people believe that parolees who fail a drug test should be sent back to prison. a. True b. False

Q: If a parole officer finds that a parolee has committed a technical violation, he or she can revoke parole without a hearing. a. True b. False

Q: In some communities, individuals on the sex offender registry have committed very low-level offenses. a. True b. False

Q: Increasing restrictions on parolees also affects their families and communities. a. True b. False

Q: Media coverage of parole and parolees tends to be sympathetic and understanding. a. True b. False

Q: Most offenders released on parole begin to adjust quickly to the outside world. a. True b. False

Q: Most parole officers have little difficulty in monitoring the behavior of parolees. a. True b. False

Q: Although parole officers must sometimes act in the role of a "cop," they do not have the power to enforce conditions of release. a. True b. False

Q: All halfway houses are operated by state administrative agencies. a. True b. False

Q: In-custody visitation allows inmates to leave prison temporarily to visit family. a. True b. False

Q: A parolee can be prevented from working as a bartender by a parole officer. a. True b. False

Q: Some states allow victims to make statements at parole board hearings. a. True b. False

Q: Discretionary release is sometimes criticized for following judicial recommendations too closely. a. True b. False

Q: Discretionary release affects other aspects of the system, including sentencing, plea bargaining, and the size of prison populations. a. True b. False

Q: The most commonly used type of release from incarceration is mandatory release. a. True b. False

Q: In Japan, the justice system focuses solely on the offender and not on the community. a. True b. False

Q: With the punitive nature of the criminal justice system, release on parole has become much easier for inmates to obtain. a. True b. False

Q: Community members do not have any responsibility for ex-offenders released into their neighborhoods. a. True b. False

Q: The percentage of incarcerated drug offenders has increased significantly in the past 20 years. a. True b. False

Q: Most members of the public believe that prisons are run in a(n) ______ manner.

Q: The _______ employees are the most numerous in prisons.

Q: The ______ model of incarceration emphasizes security, order, and discipline.

Q: During the 1960s and early 1970s, the ________ model was dominant.

Q: ________ programs seek to treat the personal defects that created the inmate's criminality.

Q: Most inmates participate in a(n) _____ program.

Q: The process of assigning an inmate to a category specifying the inmate's needs for security, education, and treatment is called ______.

Q: Behavior that can cause trouble and conflict with staff and other prisoners is called the _________.

Q: Inmates who are ______ try to take advantage of prison programs.

Q: Prisoners who are _______ view their prison term as a brief, inevitable break in their criminal careers.

Q: Those who break the inmate code are labeled ______.

Q: In regard to age and gender, a plurality of prisoners are _______ ______.

Q: Services offered through a full-time staff of nurses, augmented by contractual physician services, are a part of the prison's _______ program. a. treatment b. healthy living c. educational d. medical

Q: An inmate who finds that functioning in the prison society is difficult is called a ______ criminal. a. dysfunctional b. disorganized c. gleaning d. disoriented

Q: The number of prisoners serving "natural life" sentences has tripled since 1992 and now comprises_______ of the prison population a. 5% b. 10% c. 20% d. 25%

Q: In terms of inmate leadership, which of the following is not true? a. In many large prisons administrators relied on tested inmate leaders to maintain order. b. Inmate leaders served as essential communications link between staff and inmates. c. Riots and reports of violence are present but have declined. d. Prisons seem to function less effectively now than they did in the past.

Q: Keeping inmates secure is the definition of which of the following? a. Management b. Security c. Environmental custodialship d. Custody

Q: The model of corrections that emphasizes treatment programs is called the _____ model. a. custodial b. rehabilitation c. reintegration d. family