Q&A Hero

Q: Approximately percent of the people arrested on felony charges are eventually convicted in criminal court?a. 30 b. 40c. 50 d. 60

Q: The ________ has become the lead agency when it comes to white-collar crime, particularly in response to recent financial scandals. a. FBI b. CIA c. FDA d. DEA

Q: Which courts review whether the judge conducted the trial in an approved manner? a. Magistrate courts b. Special courts c. Appellate courts d. There is no court to review the conduct of the judge during trial.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a white-collar criminal? a. has legal access to the place where the crime occurs b. uses physical means to get somewhere he or she should not be c. is spatially separated from the victim d. behaves in a manner that is legitimate

Q: What is also known as "influence peddling" and occurs in the business world when somebody within a company sells influence, power, or information to a person outside the company who can benefit? a. bribery b. embezzlement c. consumer fraud d. tax evasion

Q: Once good time is earned by inmates, it cannot be revoked even if the inmates break rules or get into fights.a. Trueb. False

Q: Almost percent of all cases end in a plea bargain, rather than a criminal trial.a. 60 b. 70c. 80 d. 90

Q: Discuss the four categories of residential treatment programs for juveniles.

Q: At what stage of the formal criminal justice process does the defendant enter a plea of guilty or not guilty?a. Arraignment b. Criminal trialc. Preliminary hearing d. Bail hearing

Q: Discuss the findings of researchers regarding the death penalty as a deterrent.

Q: Describe the four primary stages of pretrial juvenile justice procedure.

Q: If the prosecution can present sufficient evidence, the grand jury will issue a(n) , which specifies the exact charges on which the accused must stand trial.a. true bill of indictment b. informationc. charging bill d. nolle prosequi

Q: Elaborate on the court's involvement in concerns over the death penalty, including a discussion of relevant case law.

Q: In the formal criminal justice process all defendants must go through which stage to ensure proper sentencing/punishment/dismissal/closure?a. Arraignment b. Criminal trialc. Grand jury hearing d. Bail hearing

Q: List and briefly discuss the arguments for and against the death penalty.

Q: List and discuss each of the factors that influence sentencing.

Q: Discuss some of the reasons why juveniles join gangs.

Q: Differentiate between child abuse and child neglect and how they contribute to juvenile delinquency.

Q: Discretion by police officers occurs during the first four stages of the criminal justice process. In order, what are those stages?a. Initial contact, arrest, charging, custodyb. Initial contact, investigation, arrest, charging c. Initial contact, investigation, arrest, custody d. Initial contact, arrest, investigation, charging

Q: Criminal justice can be viewed as a process that takes an offender through a series of decision points, beginning with arrest and concluding with reentry. Which of the following is an extralegal factor that critics argue may be involved in this process?a. Offender's race b. Offender's prior recordc. Seriousness of offense d. Available evidence

Q: Elaborate on the relationship between race and sentencing. Include a discussion of the impact the victim's race has on sentencing.

Q: What is known about the correctional population in the United States over the past decade? a. The correctional population has been consistently decreasing with 7 million people currently under the control of the correctional system. b. The correctional population has been consistently increasing with 7 million people currently under the control of the correctional system. c. The correctional population has fluctuated widely over the years with 7 million people currently under the control of the correctional system. d. The correctional population has remained steadily constant with 7 million people currently under the control of the correctional system.

Q: Discuss the deterrence impact of determinate, mandatory, and truth-in-sentencing models.

Q: Describe the one variable that always correlates highly with juvenile crime rates.

Q: The exercise of power is granted to those who control the criminal justice system. In policing they are given the power to;a. charge b. punishc. use force, when necessary d. sentence

Q: Discuss whether or not sentencing guidelines or determinate sentencing can control judicial discretion.

Q: What is the "chronic 6 percent"?

Q: Explain the four elements that are part of bullying.

Q: The corrections system is vast and costs federal, state, and local governments:a. About $70 billion per year. b. About $115 billion per year.c. About $165 billion per year. d. About $215 billion per year.

Q: Compare and contrast the sentencing models of indeterminate and determinate.

Q: Discuss at least three other important court decisions ruling on juvenile court procedures.

Q: The contemporary criminal justice system can be divided into three main components: a. Law enforcement, the courts, and the legislature. b. The courts, the correctional system, and the legislature. c. Law enforcement, the courts, and the correctional system. d. Law enforcement, the correctional system, and the legislature.

Q: Elaborate on the major goals of criminal sentencing. Discuss the message each goal is attempting to convey to the offender.

Q: Identify and briefly discuss the single most important Supreme Court case with respect to juvenile justice.

Q: Discuss the history of punishment, including a discussion of the rise of prisons.

Q: In the 1950s, the American Bar Foundation project discovered that: a. Most citizens were fearful of the police. b. Racial profiling was a serious problem. c. Most crime was not reported to the police. d. The justice system kept many procedures hidden from the public.

Q: Discuss the difference between juvenile delinquents and status offenders. a)Juvenile delinquency is behavior that is illegal under federal or state law that has

Q: _______ can be lost if inmates break prison rules, get into fights, or disobey correctional officers.

Q: The use of the term "criminal justice system" reflected a view that justice agencies could be connected in an intricate yet often unobserved network of decision-making processes. When was the term "criminal justice system" first used? a. After the findings of the Chicago Crime Commission b. After the findings of the American Bar Foundation project c. After the findings of the Wickersham Commission d. After the findings of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice

Q: In Blakely v. Washington, the court found that Washington State's sentencing guidelines were a violation of a defendant's ____ Amendment rights because they allowed a judge to consider aggravating factors that would enhance the sentence.

Q: What commission, appointed by President Herbert Hoover, made a detailed analysis of the U.S. justice system and helped usher in the era of treatment and rehabilitation? a. Chicago Crime Commission b. American Bar Foundation Commission c. Wickersham Commission d. President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice

Q: Which of the following statements is true? a. From 1900 to 1935, the U.S. experienced a sustained increase in criminal activity. b. Organized gangs flourished in the largest cities of the U.S. in the early 1900s. c. The first criminal gangs formed before the Civil War in urban slums. d. All of the above statements are true.

Q: Discuss the four major differences between juvenile courts and adult courts.

Q: Describe the child-saving movement and its relationship to the doctrine of parens patriae.

Q: Approximately half of the states have three-strikes sentencing laws, but all of them require the third felony to be ___________.

Q: Under truth-in-sentencing laws, ____________inmates entering prison will serve an average of 88 months behind bars.

Q: As a result of an increase in violent behavior during the 19thCentury in America, early Criminal Justice agencies;a. Rarely worked together in a systematic fashionb. Worked together to create a seamless process of arrest and punishment c. Appointed President Lyndon Johnson to the Wickersham Commission d. Were primarily created in Washington D.C and Virginia

Q: The number of offenders being sent to prison today is __________ than a decade ago.

Q: A courtroom work group is made up of a prosecutor and defense attorney and helps to streamline the process of justice through the extensive use of deal making and plea bargaining. a. True b. False

Q: Juveniles who are released from secure facilities are placed in programs.

Q: Defendants who do not show up for trial forfeit their bail. a. Trueb. False

Q: include wilderness camps, farms, and ranches where children are placed in an environment that provides recreational activities and treatment programs.

Q: Today, State and Federal Courts convict a combined total of over 5 million adults a year on felony charges. a. Trueb. False

Q: Foster care programs, group homes, and rural programs are examples of _________________________________.

Q: In Gregg v. Georgia, the court found that capital punishment for the crime of murder does not violate the _____ Amendment under all circumstances.

Q: In 1972 in Furman v. Georgia, the court decided that the discretionary imposition of the death penalty was ____________ under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments of the US Constitution.

Q: The ___________ refers to an outcome of capital punishment that enhances, rather than deters, the level of violence in society.

Q: Appointed by President Herbert Hoover, the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement is commonly known today as The Crime Commission. a. True b. False

Q: Juvenile corrections are based on the concept of .

Q: Public opinion polls show that Americans _____ the use of the death penalty by a wide majority, though less so than a decade ago.

Q: A usually contains information concerning the respondent's family background, the facts surrounding the delinquent act, and interviews with social workers, teachers, and other important figures in the child's life.

Q: During the , the juvenile court determines whether there is sufficient evidence to support the initial petition.

Q: The creation of the Chicago Crime Commission in 1919 was the first time the work of the criminal justice system was recognized. a. True b. False

Q: The Supreme Court has limited the death penalty to first degree murder, and then only when _____________________ are present.

Q: The Criminal Justice system employs more people than are under correctional supervision in the US a. True b. False

Q: Twenty-nine states have taken the waiver out of judicial hands through , also known as legislative waiver.

Q: Due to _____, hundreds of wrongfully convicted individuals have been exonerated in recent years.

Q: is when the juvenile offender repays his or her victim, either directly or symbolically through community service.

Q: Non-Interventionists support the placement of first time offenders who commit minor crimes in informal community based treatment programs a. True b. False

Q: In Ring v. Arizona, the court found that ________, not judges, must make the critical findings that send convicted killers to death row.

Q: The crime control perspective views the justice system as a means of caring for and treating people who cannot manage themselves. a. True b. False

Q: The is the formal document outlining the charges against the juvenile.

Q: Supporters of the death penalty argue that capital punishment conforms to the requirement that the punishment be ____________________ to the crime.

Q: Less serious felonies make up the bottom layer (Level 4) of the criminal justice system wedding cake. a. True b. False

Q: Police officers can arrest someone if they have a "gut feeling" that the person is guilty of a criminal offense. a. True b. False

Q: During intake, an officer of the juvenile court, usually a , but sometimes a judge, must decide what to do with the offender.

Q: The suggestion that low rates of female crime are a reflection of the leniency of police and judges toward female offenders is the __________.

Q: Severity of the offense, criminal record, use of a weapon, and use of violence are _____ variables considered in sentencing.

Q: Most criminal cases are processed through the entire formal justice system. a. True b. False

Q: A is the notification process through which a law enforcement officer or other concerned citizen makes the juvenile court aware of a juvenile's unlawful or unruly conduct.