Q&A Hero

Q: Under the _____evidence seized in violation of the 4th amendment cannot be used in a court of law.

Q: __________ has preventative as well as remedial aims. a. Self-care b. Self-awareness c. Group counseling d. Group mentality

Q: The suicide rate in county jails was approximately ____ times greater than that in the general population of the United States. a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

Q: Which of the following is true regarding future prison trends? a. Fewer people are receiving a prison sentence than 5 years ago. b. A significantly greater number of people are receiving prison sentences than a decade ago. c. Policymakers are shifting to a rehabilitation perspective. d. All states spend more on prisons than higher education.

Q: __________ reveal that group therapy is as effective as individual therapy. a. Self-awarenesses b. Meta-analyses c. Life transitions d. Monocultural frameworks

Q: Group work is a beneficial and a. cost-effective approach to treatment. b. unsuccessful form of treatment. c. long-term, expensive treatment. d. managed care unapproved form of treatment.

Q: The_____ Amendment outlaws excessive bail.

Q: The ______Amendment has been used in the past to argue that the death penalty is cruel and unusual punishment.

Q: Which is a factor that helps contribute to swelling prison populations? a. Failure of community release programs b. Mandatory sentencing laws c. Conviction rates d. All of these factors contribute to the prison population

Q: Integrating counseling with __________ has been successful in both personal-social and academic development groups in school settings. a. monocultural framework b. life transitions c. managed care d. psychoeducational interventions

Q: The majority of inmates the in the United States are: a. housed in maximum or super-maximum facilities. b. housed in private prisons. c. alcohol and/or drug dependent at the time of their arrest. d. first-time violent offenders who will serve long sentences.

Q: The _____Amendment was the basis for the Miranda decision.

Q: The______ defense of would be appropriate in a case where a person was rushing to the hospital with an emergency and broke numerous traffic laws along the way.

Q: In the era of ___________, brief interventions and short-term groups have become a necessity. a. managed care b. universal health care c. chronic mental illnesses d. frivolous lawsuits

Q: The inmate population in the United States has __________ despite a decade long crime drop. a. increased exponentially b. stabilized c. only decreased minimally d. stayed the same

Q: Which of the following is NOT apossible goal for members of counseling groups? a. To express one's emotions in an unhealthy way b. To help members learn how to establish meaningful and intimate relationships c. To develop concern and compassion for the needs and feelings of others d. To increase awareness and self-knowledge

Q: Private prisons have the unique advantage of: a. allowing the government to circumvent the voting process to approve a bond issue. b. being selective in which inmates are housed. c. not cutting corners, because they have private sources of funding. d. being difficult to determine accountability for problems and mishaps.

Q: The US Correctional Corporation opened its first private prison in what state? a. New York b. Kentucky c. Virginia d. Georgia

Q: In response to the concerns of environmentalists, the federal government has passed______acts to protect the nation's well being

Q: Shock incarceration is generally designed with what target population in mind? a. Violent offenders b. Elderly offenders c. Drug offenders d. Youthful, first-time offenders

Q: The Durham Rule is associated with the _____defense.

Q: Most traditional therapy models are grounded in a(n) ____________ framework wherein mainstream cultural values overshadow the multicultural worldviews that may be present among group members. a. androgenous b. bicultural c. monocultural d. global

Q: As ________________________, the group provides a sample of reality. a. a microcosm of society b. a modality of therapy that emphasizes harsh confrontation c. a therapeutic environment in which only positive comments are allowed d. the most costly form of treatment

Q: A law that inflicts a greater punishment than was available when the crime was committed is termed a(n)_____law.

Q: After the Norman conquest of England in 1066, royal judges would decide what to do in each case using local custom and rules of conduct as a guide in a system known as_____ .

Q: Members of ____________ typically do not require extensive personality reconstruction, and their concerns generally relate to the developmental tasks of the life span. a. therapy groups b. counseling groups c. psychoanalytic groups d. in-patient groups

Q: Shock incarceration programs generally last how long? a. 1"2 days b. 1"3 weeks c. 90"180 days d. 6"12 months

Q: Groups are a. a powerful intervention tool across the life span. b. a powerful intervention primarily for highly functioning adults. c. considerably less effective than individual therapy. d. detrimental to the self-esteem of older adults.

Q: Prison farms and camps are found primarily in what sections of the country? a. Northeast b. Along the East coast c. The states bordering Canada d. South and the West

Q: The primary purpose of a maximum-security prison is: a. rehabilitation. b. security. c. deterrence. d. silence.

Q: The primary concern of____ is the control and regulation of human interaction.

Q: While in prison, Bob became addicted to methamphetamine. One day Bob is visited by a police officer who is warning the neighborhood of a spike in crime. When Bob opens the door the officer smells something strange and pushes by Bob and into his house where he finds Bob's meth lab.a. 4th amendment b. 5th amendment c. 6th amendment d. 8th amendment

Q: ______________ are commonly used by school counselors who assemble a group of school personnel to develop a plan to assist students. A team works together to determine how services can best be implemented. a. Encounter groups b. Psychotherapy groups c. Task groups d. Self-exploration group

Q: At Bob's trial, one of the ladies that used to date Bob's roommate is on the jury. Truth be told, she didn"t like Bob very much, he used to search through her personal belonging when she wasn"t around but she knew he was doing it. Which of Bob's rights have been violated?a. right against incrimination b. right to an impartial juryc. right to a speedy triald. right against unreasonable searches

Q: Psychoeducation groups are structured in such a way as to help people with all of the following EXCEPT a. develop specific skills. b. understand certain themes. c. understand and resolves difficult life transitions. d. learn how to coerce others to fulfill their wants and needs.

Q: Joliet and the "The Rock" were examples of what type of prison? a. Maximum security b. Medium security c. Minimum security d. A prison farm

Q: Name thetype of group that focuses on issues such as remediation, treatment, and personality reconstruction. a. Psychoeducation groups b. Counseling groups c. Therapy groups d. Task/work groups

Q: A major difference between group therapy and group counseling lies in a. the techniques employed to facilitate the process of interaction. b. the group's goals. c. the age of the participants. d. the theoretical orientation of the group leader.

Q: Which of the following statements best describes correctional technology? a. Escape from jail can be prevented through the monitoring of an inmates' heartbeat. b. Ground penetrating radar can locate tunnels inmates use to escape. c. An all-in-one detection spray can be used to detect someone who possesses marijuana, methamphetamines, heroin, or cocaine. d. All of these are true regarding correction technology.

Q: What type of jail has the correctional officer's station located inside a secure room? a. Linear jail b. Indirect supervision jail c. Direct supervision jail d. Maximum security jail

Q: After Sue's release from jail, Bob gets high on the street, and follows her back to her house where a fight ensues.Sue dies from her injuries. Bob claims he had no intent is surprised and disgusted by his actions and believes the marijuana he bought on the street was laced with PCP. What would be his best defense in court?a. duressb. intoxication c. insanityd. self defense

Q: Which is false regarding new-generation jails? a. Unobserved inmates are essentially unsupervised. b. Continuous observation of residents is permitted. c. Direct supervision jails involve a cluster of cells surrounding a living area. d. Indirect supervision jails are a type of new-generation jail.

Q: Bob is leaving the medical marijuana dispensary with his 6 ounces that is legal under the law. He drops his purchase and drives away not aware that he no longer has his marijuana. Sue is walking down the street when she becomes the lucky recipient of 6 ounces of marijuana. When Bob realizes his mistake he goes back to find Sue getting high on the corner, he calls the police claiming Sue stole his marijuana.Sue has been released without charges. What is the most likely reason for this?a. Sue had a prescription and did not have mens rea b. Sue had actus reus but did not have a prescription c. Sue had a contractual relationship to the policed. Sue had a medical marijuana prescription

Q: About ________ percent of the jail population is European Americans. a. 25 b. 33 c. 50 d. 65

Q: Randi has been arrested for selling marijuana in Washington state. He was high on drugs at the time of arrest and doesn"t quite understand why he is in trouble. The police are demanding to know Randi's supplier and won"t let Randi eat or drink until he confesses. What rights protect Randi from this interrogation?a. 4th amendment b. 5th amendment c. 6th amendment d. 8th amendment

Q: An important trend in prisons of the twentieth century was the: a. development of the modern convict-lease system. b. development of increased rigidity and more prison rules. c. replacement of solitary confinement with the whip and lash. d. development of specialized prisons designed to treat particular types of offenders.

Q: Nineteen states and the District of Columbia have legalized medical marijuana and Colorado and Washington have legalized its recreational use. In some state police are directed to patrol the areas near medical marijuana dispensaries more frequently because it is still illegal to use it recreationally and usually still illegal to sell. The new governor of California is facing a budget crisis and must reduce spending in law enforcement.The governor has targeted medical marijuana users because the police spend more time patrolling in areas where dispensaries are located. In what way will he be most successful in his quest to reduce spending?a. start to punish medical marijuana usersb. make violations of medical marijuana laws a felony offensec. make other violations of law usually punishable by fine, now arrest able offenses d. direct police to warn and release whenever possible

Q: Which statement is false regarding the population of jail inmates? a. The number of juveniles in adult facilities has been dramatically increasing in the past decade. b. Less than 12 percent of jail inmates are female. c. Men and the poor are overrepresented among jail inmates. d. Racial and ethnic minorities are overrepresented among jail inmates.

Q: In applying the rule of LexTalionis,how would the parents obtain closure for their daughter's murder?a. the parents would be paid for their lossb. the parents would be able to take over the psychiatry businessc. the parents would be able to kill Stanley for taking their daughter's lifed. the parents would not be able to gain closure through this rule

Q: Which is not one of the five primary purposes for jails? a. Detain accused offenders awaiting trial b. Hold probationers and parolees who are awaiting a revocation hearing c. House convicted felons when state prisons are overcrowded d. Hold mental patients when asylums are overcrowded

Q: If the case of the dead girl and the psychologist was tried during ancient times, the legal system that this would likely to be a part of is what?a. lex talionis b. wergildc. mala in sed. mala prohibitum

Q: The major similarity between the Pennsylvania and the Auburn system was: a. penitence and prayer. b. group or congregate work. c. tiered cells. d. silent, harsh punishment.

Q: Stanley is seeking help from a psychiatrist. After multiple sessions, he tells his psychiatrist that he has thoughts of killing a girl. Months later he does actually kill the girl that he spoke of during his sessions with the psychiatrist.The lawsuit filed by the deceased girl's parents is called what?a. stare decisis b. tortc. lex talionisd. mala prohibitum

Q: The "modern" American correctional concept has its origin under the leadership of: a. William Penn. b. George Washington. c. Alexander Machonochie. d. Cesare Beccaria.

Q: Stanley is seeking help from a psychiatrist. After multiple sessions, he tells his psychiatrist that he has thoughts of killing a girl. Months later he does actually kill the girl that he spoke of during his sessions with the psychiatrist.In addition to being tried for the girls' murder, the parents of the deceased sue the psychiatrist for not warning thepolice of the potential threat. What categories of law is this case is found in?a. substantive criminal law and Procedural law b. procedural law and civil lawc. substantive criminal law and civil law d. procedural law and public law

Q: What is the name for the system that allowed prison officials to sell the labor of inmates to private businesses? a. Property in service system b. Guardian system c. Contract system d. Convict-lease system

Q: Which constitutional amendment outlaws illegal searches and seizures by police?a. First b. Fourthc. Fifth d. Eighth

Q: What was the key to discipline in the Auburn system? a. Flogging b. Branding c. Prayer and penitence d. Silence confinement

Q: After formal legal codes were lost during the dark ages a legal system featuring monetary compensation calledwas developed for criminal violations.a. Stare Decisis b. Lex Talionis c. Wergildd. Friedengild

Q: A bank employee is forced to divert funds into a special account and failure to cooperate will result in the execution of his family. Which defense would be most applicable to this situation?a. Duress b. Entrapmentc. Necessity d. Consent

Q: What element must be present in order for the excuse of necessity to be valid? a. The victim consented. b. No means of escape were available. c. The harm to be avoided was greater than the offense charged. d. The offense was based on a presumptive conclusion of mensrea.

Q: Which prison system was known as the congregate system? a. New Jersey system b. Auburn system c. Pennsylvania system d. Newbern system

Q: The Pennsylvania system in corrections was the first to take the radical step of: a. creating a specific gang intervention program. b. creating dormitory-type spaces for inmates to stay. c. placing each inmate in a single cell. d. placing inmates in prerelease work programs.

Q: What group formed the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons? a. Buddhists b. Catholics c. Quakers d. Mormons

Q: The exclusionary rule is used as part of which protection afforded to the accused by the US Constitution?a. 2nd Amendment b. 1st. Amendmentc. 4th Amendment d. 8th Amendment

Q: Which of the following is true regarding the "stand your ground" justification defense? a. Most self-defense statutes require a duty to retreat before reacting to a threat with physical violence. b. The "castle exception" does not require an obligation to retreat within an individual's residence before fighting back. c. "Stand your ground" laws allow average citizens to use deadly force when they reasonably believe that their homes or vehicles have been illegally invaded. d. All of the above are true regarding the "stand your ground" justification defense.

Q: Which legal standard of mental illness is used by present federal law? a. "Didn't know what he was doing or didn't know it was wrong." b. "Could not control his conduct." c. "Lacks substantial capacity to appreciate the wrongfulness of his conduct or to control it." d. "Lacks capacity to appreciate the wrongfulness of his conduct."

Q: The "modern" American correctional system had its origin in _______. a. New York b. Pennsylvania c. New Jersey d. Massachusetts

Q: Crime is generally grouped into three basic categories, they are; a. Felonies, misdemeanors, and violations b. Mala Prohibitum crimes, felonies, and violations c. Violations, ordinances, and felonies d. Misdemeanors, violations, and Ordinances

Q: Where were the English forced to house large numbers of prisoners in the late eighteenth century? a. In the ancient Le Stinche prison b. In the basement of Westminster Abbey c. In abandoned coal and copper mines d. On prison hulks and barges

Q: When did the concept of incarcerating convicted offenders as a form of punishment become the norm for corrections? a. During biblical times b. Fourteenth century c. Seventeenth century d. Nineteenth century

Q: Under common law, there was a conclusive presumption of incapacity for a child under years of age.a. 7 b. 10c. 14 d. 18

Q: Currently there are _____________ inmates in the state and federal prison systems. a. 800,000 b. 1.1 million c. 1.6 million d. 2.1 million

Q: Which standard solely considers whether the accused is able to distinguish right from wrong?a. The Durham rule b. The substantial capacity testc. The M'Naghten rule d. The irresistible impulse test

Q: Which standard of the insanity defense excuses a person whose mental disease makes it impossible to control their conduct?a. Durham Rule b. Products Testc. M'Naghten Rule d. Irresistible Impulse Test

Q: Approximately _____ of the people now entering prison are parole violates. a. one-fourth b. one-third c. half d. three-fourths

Q: There are currently more than 1.6 million inmates in the state and federal prison systems. a. True b. False

Q: Intoxication and age are examples of what? a. Legal defenses used to negate the required proof of mensrea b. Legal defenses that negate the required proof of actusreus c. Defenses based on double jeopardy d. Legal defenses based on a presumption of conclusive incapacitation

Q: The effect of intoxication upon criminal liability depends on: a. the type of intoxicant used. b. whether the defendant uses drugs or alcohol voluntarily. c. whether the consumption of intoxicant began prior to the crime. d. whether the defendant has prior convictions.

Q: There are significantly higher recidivism rates by offenders housed in private prisons compared to state-run facilities. a. True b. False