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Q:
Jurisdictions that encourage patrol officers to aggressively arrest and detain suspicious persons experience lower crime rates than other jurisdictions that do not practice this type of policing?a. Reactive b. Neighborhood Snitchingc. Preventive d. Proactive
Q:
When characteristics exist such as a high degree of cohesion, open communication, shared leadership functions, willingness to risk threatening material, and freely giving feedback and considering it non-defensively, it can be said that the group is at the
a. initial stage.
b. transition stage.
c. working stage.
d. final stage.
Q:
Inmates with strong ______________ have a better chance of making it on the outside.
Q:
Which of the following is not one of the major purposes of police patrol?a. Deter crime through police presenceb. Aid individuals who cannot help themselves c. Facilitate the movement of traffic and people d. Issue arrest warrants
Q:
UCR data suggests that the average police officer makes less than one felony arrest every months.a. 2 b. 4c. 6 d. 8
Q:
Interpreting the meaning of behavior patterns at appropriate times so that members will be able to engage in a deeper level of self-exploration and consider alternative behaviors is most critical at the
a. initial stage of a group.
b. transition stage.
c. working stage.
d. consolidation stage.
Q:
____________________ uses smaller caseloads and closer surveillance and is a form of parole reserved for more serious offenders.
Q:
If prison administrators believe that correspondence between inmates undermines prison security, the ____________________ Amendment rights of inmates can be curtailed.
Q:
Demonstrate the positive meanings of the situations when group members challenge the leader.
Q:
More than half of the contact that police officers engage in with civilians is spent?a. Catching Criminals b. handling traffic related mattersc. Ferreting out drug deals d. Investigating crime
Q:
Discuss how defensiveness and resistance or reluctance characteristics are a part of the transition stage.
Q:
How do most municipal police departments determine promotion eligibility?a. Intelligence testing b. Physical agilityc. Arrest performance d. Time-in-rank
Q:
The two distinct theories regarding the cause of collective violence are the inmate balance theory and the ____________________ theory.
Q:
Regardless of the size of the policing organization this person has general administrative control and sets policy forall of the department's operating branchesa. Democratic Appointee b. CompStatc. Chief of Police d. Chief of Hot Spots
Q:
The first treatment programs in prison were ____________________.
Q:
Crime scene investigation involves the use of complex instruments and of chemical, physical, and microscopic examining techniques.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Explain howconflict at timesis a major characteristic of the transition stage of a group.
Q:
Illustrate the steps you would take as a group leader to create trust within the group.
Q:
In _______________, the inmate is released when the unserved portion of the maximum prison term equals his or her earned good time (minus time served in jail awaiting trial).
Q:
Helping inmates obtain jobs after release is an example of a ____________________ program.
Q:
Among the most publicized community policing concepts is that of intelligence led policing.
a. True
b. False
Q:
One of the goals of fusion centers is to create new exams to screen for qualified police applicants. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Describe the major characteristics of the initial stage of a group.
Q:
While some inmates violate the code and exploit their peers, the ____________________ is someone who uses the inmate social code as his personal behavior guide.
Q:
Early in the course of the group, these specific member roles and tasks are critical to shaping the group. Which is not one of these during the initial stage?
a. Taking active steps to create a trusting climate
b. Learning to express one's feelings and thoughts, especially as they pertain to interactions in the group
c. Being willing to make only a small part of oneself known to others in the group
d. Being willing to express fears, hopes, concerns, reservations, and expectations concerning the group
Q:
A central role of membersduring the transition stageis to recognize and deal with the many forms of defensiveness. These tasks include the following EXCEPT
a. recognizing and expressing the range of feelings and thoughts.
b. moving from dependence to independence.
c. taking increased responsibility for what they are doing in the group.
d. not being willingto deal with reactions toward what is occurring in the group.
Q:
After assuming their duties, new police recruits are automatically placed in the field to practice what they have learned in the academy and no additional training is required at that time.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Most police agencies are administratively conservative due to the time in rank system. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Female inmates often form groups called ____________________ to cope with prison life.
Q:
Certain group behaviors tend to elicit negative reactions that reflect conflict. Which of the following isNOT one?
a. Sharing openly and accepting feedback non-defensively
b. Remaining aloof and being more of an observer
c. Talking too much and actively interfering with the group process through questioning, giving abundant advice, or in other ways distracting people from their work
d. Dominating the group, using sarcasm, belittling the efforts that are being made, and demanding attention
Q:
Clemmer coined the term "____________________ process" to refer to an inmate's adjustment to prison life.
Q:
According to the "broken windows" concept, police need citizen cooperation.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the transition stage?a. Anxietyb. Recognizing and dealing with conflictc. Extremely high degree of cohesiond. Challenging the group leader
Q:
If the leader becomes too specific, some members may end up developing concerns or even fears they never had before, which may become a. beneficial.
b. self-fulfilling prophecies.
c. a new task.
d. the core of every remaining session.
Q:
Given its designed segregation and surveillance, the modern prison is a model ____________________.
Q:
Which increases an individual's chances of successful reentry?
a. Family support
b. Employment assistance
c. Substance abuse treatment
d. All of the above increase one's chances of successful reentry
Q:
Length of investigation is associated with success of investigation operations.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The __________ is generally characterized by increased anxiety and defensiveness.
a. closing stage
b. opening stage
c. initial stage
d. transition stage
Q:
Which is false regarding correctional officers?
a. Correctional officers have minimal impact on a prisoner's ability to adjust to prison life.
b. Prison guards historically were viewed as ruthless individuals who enjoyed their power over inmates.
c. A significant problem of correctional officers is that facilities are underfunded.
d. Crowded prisons create stress and impair job performance for correctional officers.
Q:
Evaluations of foot patrol indicate that it lowers crime rates.
a. True
b. False
Q:
__________ the group, including the specification of norms and procedures, should be accomplished early in the group's history.
a. Structuring
b. Closing
c. Modeling
d. Terminating
Q:
Which is not an element of the inmate social code?
a. Don"t interfere with inmates' interests.
b. Exploit inmates for your own gain.
c. Don"t lose your head.
d. Be tough.
Q:
Vice squads target violent crime.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Viewing resistance through the lens of _______________holds that we experience psychological reactance at those times when we believe free behaviors are being threatened with elimination.
a. culture
b. conflict
c. reactance theory
d. negative reaction
Q:
One reason for investigative ineffectiveness is that there are too many competing interests to solve a case within the police department.
a. True
b. False
Q:
More than half of all-male inmates are held in ______ institutions.
a. minimum-security
b. medium-security
c. maximum-security
d. super maximum-security
Q:
Gary has just been granted parole. He served 7 of his 10 year sentence because he was mostly well behaved; he worked in the captain's office and got an accounting degree inside prison. When he is released, his partner doesn"t want to see him and his parents won"t let him stay with them until he gets a job and proves that he is no longer a criminal.Gary feels like an outsider. He can"t seem to get a job despite his college degree and everyone looks at him as if he is going to steal from them. He is not a criminal and is tired of being treated like one. He is just about ready to commit another crime so he can go back to his friends on the inside. Which of the following is not one of the reasons why this feeling is common among parolees?a. They can"t find a job.b. He doesn"t have a place to live and his psychologist can"t help him.c. Prison rarely addresses the psychological and economic needs of offenders.d. Restorative justice programs.
Q:
Proactive policing is a cornerstone of community policing.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Characteristics of the initial stage are
a. consolidation of group learning.
b. reluctance.
c. termination and follow-up.
d. orientation and exploration.
Q:
Creating a feeling of security is one of the major purposes of police patrol.
a. True
b. False
Q:
_______________ may exhibit defensive behaviors, and unless these behaviors are recognized and explored, defensiveness can seriously interfere with the group process.
a. Trusting members
b. Reluctant members
c. Members willing to share and open up
d. Non-group members
Q:
The detective bureau is considered the backbone of policing.
a. True
b. False
Q:
What is labeled "resistance" on the part of group members is often the result of
a. the leader's failure to give members adequate orientation.
b. the members willingness to work on issues.
c. the group meeting on specific days and times.
d. the leader's and members willingness to communicate.
Q:
Gary has just been granted parole. He served 7 of his 10 year sentence because he was mostly well behaved; he worked in the captain's office and got an accounting degree inside prison. When he is released, his partner doesn"t want to see him and his parents won"t let him stay with them until he gets a job and proves that he is no longer a criminal.Gary has signed up to take the Certified Public Accounting (CPA) exam. He was sure that getting a college degree in prison would make him marketable and he would be able to get a good job upon leaving prison. He hasn"t had a successful experience thus far and has just found out that he is not allowed to take the CPA exam. What is the main reason for Gary having so much trouble on the outside?a. His college degree earned in prison is not the same as a free person's college degree.b. His family is not supportive.c. Gary is barred from being employed in a financial field.d. Prison locks people into the lowest rung of society.
Q:
The average police officer can expect to make between 10 and 15 arrests per month for serious crimes.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Jill has two children and stays at home with them. She got into trouble when she hurt her back and got addicted to the pain pills her doctor prescribed. When she couldn"t get any more pills, she went searching the streets for something else to take the pain away. She would leave her kids with her mom and disappear for days while getting addicted to heroin. Jill just got through the classification process at the women's correctional facility and has found out that she is pregnant with twins.Jill, her new cellmate, and the other women in the prison get regular medical checkups and in Jill's case, she gets additional appointments with the doctors because she is pregnant. They see a counselor and the administration is attempting to address the counseling and programming needs of all inmates. What is the main reason that there is such an effort to do this for people who committed crimes?a. As a population, they are the most in need of these services.b. Inmates are protected from cruel and unusual punishment.c. Inmates have a right to adequate medical care.d. Seeing doctors is included in their Fourth Amendment rights.
Q:
Jill has two children and stays at home with them. She got into trouble when she hurt her back and got addicted to the pain pills her doctor prescribed. When she couldn"t get any more pills, she went searching the streets for something else to take the pain away. She would leave her kids with her mom and disappear for days while getting addicted to heroin. Jill just got through the classification process at the women's correctional facility and has found out that she is pregnant with twins.Jill's new cellmate is mean and angry. She seems to have had a rough life, grew up in an abusive home, and turned to drugs to escape her situation. At one time, she even turned to prostitution to support her drug habit and has a long list of medical issues. What is most significant about Jill's cellmate and her situation?a. She is not amenable to treatment because of her anger.b. She is the typical female inmate.c. She will be a problem for the prison management.d. Jill is scared that she will be a victim of violence.
Q:
In this group, new members replace those who are leaving, providing new stimulation.
a. A heterogeneous group
b. A homogeneous group
c. An open group
d. A closed group
Q:
Jill has two children and stays at home with them. She got into trouble when she hurt her back and got addicted to the pain pills her doctor prescribed. When she couldn"t get any more pills, she went searching the streets for something else to take the pain away. She would leave her kids with her mom and disappear for days while getting addicted to heroin. Jill just got through the classification process at the women's correctional facility and has found out that she is pregnant with twins.Jill isn"t supposed to be friends with the correctional officers, but it turns out that one of the correctional officers that maintains security on the cell block went to high school with Jill. They even dated the same guy years ago. What is the major problem with Jill and the correctional officer being friends?a. The duality of the correctional officer's role.b. Jill will likely turn on her correctional officer friend someday to exploit her.c. The other inmates on Jill's cell block are jealous.d. Jill will be moved to a special wing to give birth.
Q:
College degrees may have little direct impact on promotion potentials for police officers.
a. True
b. False
Q:
When you lead a group, you set the tone and shape the norms by the attitudes and behaviors you ________ in the group.
a. trust
b. stress
c. model
d. structure
Q:
Explain the concept of collaboration between federal, state, and local police agencies in regard to the war on terror.
Q:
A basic issue that group leaders must consider is _________ for the direction and outcome of the group.
a. modeling
b. screening
c. trust
d. responsibility
Q:
This stage of a groupincludes getting prepared, announcing the group, screening and selecting the members, and preparing them for a successful experience.
a. Formation stage
b. Orientation stage
c. Transition stage
d. Working stage
Q:
Jill has two children and stays at home with them. She got into trouble when she hurt her back and got addicted to the pain pills her doctor prescribed. When she couldn"t get any more pills, she went searching the streets for something else to take the pain away. She would leave her kids with her mom and disappear for days while getting addicted to heroin. Jill just got through the classification process at the women's correctional facility and has found out that she is pregnant with twins.Jill has adapted to prison quite well. She is seen as gentle on the cell block and sometimes worries about the babies she is carrying. She is protected and cared for and usually stays out of trouble and altercations with the other inmates. What is the likely reason Jill has adapted to prison so well?a. She is on a special cell block for pregnant women.b. She found that she can get high inside prison.c. She and her cellmate have become lovers.d. She has joined a make-believe family.
Q:
Staying in the here-and-now, making oneself known to others, and challenging oneself and others are
a. not emphasized in counseling groups, but are emphasized in therapy groups.
b. examples of process goals.
c. content-related issues.
d. overrated aspects of group work.
Q:
Discuss, using specific examples, ways in which technology has changed law enforcement.
Q:
Ben is an identity thief. His scam is really easy: he has a skimmer that he puts on the credit card reader at the gas station. When unsuspecting patrons pay for their gasoline, Ben gets a copy of their credit card number. Ben has just bought a Mercedes Benz under one of his unsuspecting victim's names. When the dealer does the credit check, they find that there is an alert for potential stolen identity. Ben is arrested, charged, convicted, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.In addition to Ben's sports betting practice, he has a job in the captain's office helping crunch numbers and budgets. What does Ben accomplish by working in the captain's office?a. Vocational training will help Ben at his parole hearing.b. This is the concept of a furlough.c. He is working toward his degree in accounting.d. Correctional administration needs to keep inmates busy.
Q:
Ben is an identity thief. His scam is really easy: he has a skimmer that he puts on the credit card reader at the gas station. When unsuspecting patrons pay for their gasoline, Ben gets a copy of their credit card number. Ben has just bought a Mercedes Benz under one of his unsuspecting victim's names. When the dealer does the credit check, they find that there is an alert for potential stolen identity. Ben is arrested, charged, convicted, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.Getting used to prison hasn"t been easy for Ben. He is a homosexual and was in a committed relationship on the outside, and now he misses his partner. Even though he is in an all-male institution, he has never been assaulted or victimized, even though there are a lot of male relationships. What is the most likely reason that Ben hasn"t been propositioned by other inmates?a. Ben's partner comes to visit and others know he is "off limits."b. Ben has been prisonized.c. Ben ignores the inmate social code.d. Ben is true to himself.
Q:
Discuss the contributions of private security to the criminal justice system.
Q:
Differentiate between the roles of state, county, and local law enforcement.
Q:
Which of the statements below about trust is FALSE?
a. Trust building is the exclusive province of group leaders.
b. The level of trust in a group depends in large part on the membersindividually and collectively.
c. Participants will trust the group more if they are encouraged to expose their fears.
d. Leaders who show that they are interested in the welfare of individual members and of the group as a whole engender trust.
Q:
Ben is an identity thief. His scam is really easy: he has a skimmer that he puts on the credit card reader at the gas station. When unsuspecting patrons pay for their gasoline, Ben gets a copy of their credit card number. Ben has just bought a Mercedes Benz under one of his unsuspecting victim's names. When the dealer does the credit check, they find that there is an alert for potential stolen identity. Ben is arrested, charged, convicted, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.Ben has a beef with one of the other inmates. He hasn"t paid his gambling debt and keeps betting on other games. Ben is growing tired of dealing with the inmate but he is trying not to lose his head. Why won"t he go ahead and get his money at any cost?a. Ben is not a violent criminal.b. Ben is a low man in the prison hierarchy.c. There is an inmate social code.d. The importation model.
Q:
Discuss the functions of four major federal law enforcement agencies.
Q:
At the initial sessions members tend to
a. keep a "public image;" that is, they present the dimensions of themselves they consider socially acceptable.
b. delve into their deeper emotions.
c. connect with each other by blaming their mothers for their problems.
d. be silent in order to avoid being negatively evaluated by other members.
Q:
Ben is an identity thief. His scam is really easy: he has a skimmer that he puts on the credit card reader at the gas station. When unsuspecting patrons pay for their gasoline, Ben gets a copy of their credit card number. Ben has just bought a Mercedes Benz under one of his unsuspecting victim's names. When the dealer does the credit check, they find that there is an alert for potential stolen identity. Ben is arrested, charged, convicted, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.As an identity thief who is good with numbers and money, Ben makes friends inside prison pretty quickly. He runs a sports betting ring that both correctional officers and inmates are part of and Ben gives pointers to some of the younger guys. Which best aligns with how Ben is able to carry himself on the inside?a. Ben's experience is a total institution.b. Ben is teaching classes in prison.c. Ben is part of the criminal university.d. Ben has adapted to being classified.
Q:
Police are becoming more sophisticated in their use of computer software to identify and convict criminals.
Discuss the impact of this technology on policing, using specific examples to illustrate.
Q:
Which is not believed to be a reason that people fail on parole?
a. Parolees are released into the same environment that contributed to their deviant behavior in the first place.
b. Personal deficits that led to an offender's imprisonment are not addressed by institutionalization.
c. The prison experience itself focuses more on punitive efforts than rehabilitation.
d. The parole system places unrealistic expectations on ex-offenders that they cannot possibly meet.
Q:
A group proposal should contain all of the following EXCEPT
a. the basic purposes of the group.
b. the population to be served.
c. a complete psychological profile of each of the prospective group members.
d. a clear rationale for the group.
Q:
In which 1994 case did the court rule that prison officials are legally liable if, knowing that an inmate faces a serious risk of harm, they disregard that risk by failing to take measures to avoid or reduce it?
a. Cooper v. Pate
b. Shaw v. Murphy
c. Estelle v. Gamble
d. Farmer v. Brennan