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Q:
Interpretations can be created from all of the following EXCEPT
a. the group leader's dreams and lifestyle.
b. resistances that become evident in a group.
c. reactions members have toward one another.
d. reactions toward the group leader.
Q:
Juveniles do not have the protection of the Miranda decision: they do not have the right to remain silent during police interrogation.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Community oriented policing links police effectiveness to: a. productive interaction with the community being served. b. interrelationships between cooperative police agencies. c. efficient utilization of existing personnel.d. optimized usage of advanced technology.
Q:
Which of the following is not a focus of community policing?a. Order maintenance b. Emergency servicec. Crime fighting d. Problem solving
Q:
Who of the following wouldNOT make interpretations in the analytic group?
a. The group leader
b. The participants
c. Individuals viewing the sessions through a one-way window
d. The members becoming adjunct therapists
Q:
Juveniles do not enjoy the same protection against double jeopardy as do adults.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following is not a fundamental assumption of the broken windows model?a. Neighborhood disorder creates fear.b. Neighborhoods can give out crime-promoting signals.c. Police require citizen cooperation.d. Reactive patrol is necessary.
Q:
In a group setting, free association could be used for all of the following EXCEPT
a. uncovering repressed material.
b. discouraging spontaneity among the members.
c. working on dreams in the group.
d. interacting with one another in the group.
Q:
The level of evidence for a finding of "juvenile delinquency" is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The key to understanding personality problems is
a. through the use of diagnostic testing.
b. by asking members to report what they are feeling.
c. the unconscious.
d. by analysis of resistance.
Q:
Community policing is often exemplified by which of the following models?a. Broken windows b. Shattered promisesc. Urban decay d. Urban blight
Q:
Juveniles do not have the right to an attorney at a hearing to decide whether the case should be transferred to juvenile court.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In the 1960s and 1970s, the US Supreme Court radically altered the juvenile justice system when it issued a series of decisions that established the right of juveniles to due process of law.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The goal of the analytic process is
a. adequate social adjustment.
b. restructuring the client's character and personality system.
c. uncovering early experiences.
d. achieving intense feelings in the here and now.
Q:
Early reform schools sought to rehabilitate juvenile offenders.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Identify two to three central characteristics of the working stage.
Q:
The efforts of the child savers prompted the development of the first comprehensive juvenile court in 1899.
a. True
b. False
Q:
There are several characteristics that are typically evident during the final phase of a group. Identify and briefly discuss two to three of these characteristics.
Q:
Charles Loring Brace was the philanthropist who developed the Children's Aid Society.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Self-disclosure is the principal vehicle of group interaction, and it is critical that group participants have a clear understanding of what self-disclosure isand what it is not. Illustrate the importance of appropriate self-disclosure when working with Asian clients.
Q:
Describe the benefits of being in a group when commitment to change is difficult.
Q:
Group leaders can help members link their emotional exploration to cognitive and behavioral work. When asking members to cognitively process an emotional experience, timing is crucial. Demonstrate why this timing is crucial.
Q:
Parens patriae is the notion that your parents have a legal duty to act in the best interests of their children until they reach the age of 21.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following is a commonly cited source of ineffective investigation?a. Length of investigationb. Poor sources of informationc. Poor follow-up on initial calls for serviced. All of the above
Q:
In Martin Innes' study of investigation techniques he found that police rely heavily on that includes canvas of neighborhoods, interviews with friends/family and constructing victim/suspect timelines to solve a crime. a. Specific Focus b. General coveragec. Technology and Crime Mapping d. PERF
Q:
What is the term used to describe organized groups of detectives who deceive criminals into openly committing illegal acts or conspiring to engage in criminal activity?a. Detective bureau b. Sting operationsc. Community policing d. Proactive patrol
Q:
The element of__________ that a follow-up session encourages maximizes the chances of long-lasting benefits from the group experience.
a. confrontation
b. accountability
c. catharsis
d. empathy
Q:
The child savers movement was made up of middle-class civic leaders who helped poor children.
a. True
b. False
Q:
___________ of a group may involve a grieving process because other losses that members have experienced are often triggered during this time.
a. Termination
b. Feedback
c. Empathy
d. Hope
Q:
What are some obstacles faced by the paroled inmate in the community and how do these obstacles influence the likelihood of recidivism?
Q:
States place a variety of controls/restrictions on former felons. Discuss several of these restrictions and the impact of such policies on prisoner reentry.
Q:
The vice squad specializes in:a. violent crime b. property crimec. crimes of public morals d. sex crime
Q:
Which of the following statements is true?
a. Criminal investigation is a key element of police work.
b. Detectives are often handicapped by limited time, money, and resources.
c. Modern criminal investigators are usually knowledgeable about legal rules of evidence and procedure.
d. All of these statements are true
Q:
__________ occurs when members and leaders share their personal reactions about one another.
a. Empathy
b. Cognitive restructuring
c. Feedback
d. Hope
Q:
__________ is therapeutic when it invites clients to more deeply explore a particular issue in their lives and when it is appropriate and well timed.
a. Catharsis
b. Follow-up session
c. Trust
d. Confrontation
Q:
What was a result of the Kansas City Gun Experiment?
a. There was a measurable effect on gun crimes in the target area during the experiment.
b. Assaults on police officers increased in the target area.
c. Gun crimes in the target area marginally increased.
d. Gun crimes were displaced to contiguous beats.
Q:
At the__________ members can discuss the efforts they have made since termination of the group to implement their learning in the real world.
a. initial session
b. follow-up session
c. last session of the group
d. middle session
Q:
The statement "Aggressive policing increases community perception that police arrest many criminals and therefore most violators get caught" is an example of what?a. a deterrent effect b. a proactive effectc. an aggressive effect d. sheer luck
Q:
Which of the following is a method of improving patrol? a. Aggressive patrol b. Targeting specific crimes c. Making more arrests d. All of these
Q:
A central part of the work done in a group consists of challenging and exploring beliefs about situations. This component includes explaining, clarifying, interpreting, providing the cognitive framework needed for change, formulating ideas, and making new decisions. Which of the following does this best describe?
a. Self-disclosure
b. Termination
c. Cognitive restructuring
d. Trust
Q:
Unexpressed feelings often result in physical symptoms such as chronic headaches, stomach pains, muscle tension, and high blood pressure. The expression of pent-up feelings can be therapeutic because it releases energy that has been tied up in withholding certain threatening feelings. This describes
a. catharsis.
b. self-disclosure.
c. cognitive reconstruction.
d. hope.
Q:
The Kansas City Gun Experiment is an example of:a. problem-oriented policing.b. community policing.c. reactive patrolling.d. a police crackdown targeting a specific type of crime problem.
Q:
Describe the criteria used by the courts in determining whether a punishment constitutes cruel and unusual conduct.
Q:
Experimentation with different modes of behavior is a significant aspect of the working stage. The group is now a safe place in which to try out novel behavior. This describes
a. catharsis.
b. trust.
c. commitment to change.
d. freedom to experiment.
Q:
Aggressive patrol in New York City during the 1990s has been credited with a reduction in:a. prostitution b. violent crimec. drug dealing d. property crime
Q:
Elaborate three substantive rights granted to prisoners by the courts.
Q:
If change is to occur, members must believe that change is possible, that they need not remain trapped in their past, and that they can take active steps to make their lives more authentic. __________ is therapeutic in itself because it gives members the incentive to commit themselves to the demanding work that change requires.
a. Freedom to experiment
b. Hope
c. Intimacy
d. Catharsis
Q:
Genuine__________ develops in a group when people have revealed enough of themselves for others to identify with them.
a. intimacy
b. cognitive restructuring
c. catharsis
d. hope
Q:
Discuss the principles of the hands-off doctrine and how it shaped prisoners' rights prior to 1960.
Q:
Compare and contrast the inmate balance and administrative control theories on prison riots.
Q:
_________ involves a deep capacity to recall, relive, and tap one's feelings through the intense experiences of others.
a. Hope
b. Trust
c. Empathy
d. Freedom to experiment
Q:
Discuss the problem of prison violence and what efforts can be undertaken to reduce the chances of such violence.
Q:
__________ is manifested in the participants' attitudes of acceptance and in their willingness to take risks by sharing meaningful here-and-now reactions.
a. Intimacy
b. Catharsis
c. Hope
d. Trust
Q:
Based on research like the Kansas City study, what is the prevailing wisdom on preventive patrols?
a. The number of patrol cars on the street and their visibility to citizens has little impact on the crime rate.
b. More patrol cars on the street can deter specific types of crime, such as motor vehicle theft and vandalism.
c. Fewer patrol cars on the street results in higher crime rates.
d. Patrol cars should be assigned to a reactive response mode only.
Q:
policing is a department policy that emphasizes stopping crimes before they occur rather than reacting to crimes that have already occurred.a. Community b. Proactivec. Deterrent d. Reactive
Q:
Compare and contrast three forms of correctional treatment, including a discussion of the effectiveness of each treatment.
Q:
Discuss the elements of the Inmate Social Code.
Q:
It is imperative that leaders approach their groups with
a. the knowledge that members will not change no matter what.
b. a conviction that change and a better outcome are possible.
c. a lack of hope.
d. openness without self-disclosing or showing any emotions.
Q:
Discuss how and why there are differences between female and male inmate cultures? How do these differences influence adjustment to prison life?
Q:
Based on an extensive meta-analysis of cohesion in group therapy, all of the following are strategies effective leaders use to foster group cohesion EXCEPT
a. set group agendas and treatment expectations.
b. identify and discuss fears and concerns of members regarding self-disclosure.
c. discuss group rules with some members, but not all members.
d. discuss roles and responsibilities of both leaders and group members.
Q:
Group leaders should actively engage in interventions that foster and maintain __________ because cohesion is integrally related to the success of group therapy. a. cohesion
b. consolidation
c. cognitive work
d. transition
Q:
An inmate trained in law who helps other inmates prepare legal briefs and appeals is often referred to as a __________.
Q:
Which of the following can NOT be said about group cohesion?a. It can both help and hinder group process.b. When cohesiveness is not accompanied by a challenge to move forward, the group can reach a plateau.c. Cohesion fosters other action-oriented behaviors such as risk taking, self-disclosure, confrontation, and translation of insight into action.d. People open up less when group cohesion occurs.
Q:
The ___________ is the legal practice of allowing prison administrators free reign to run the prison, even if correctional practices violate inmates' constitutional rights.
Q:
Some correctional facilities have been reformulated into a ________ that apply a psychosocial, experiential learning process and rely on positive peer pressure within a highly structured social environment.
Q:
Which stage has the focus of applying what has been learned in the group and putting it to use in everyday life?
a. Transition
b. Consolidation
c. Orientation
d. Working
Q:
__________ is characterized by the commitment of members to explore significant problems they bring to the sessions and by their attention to the dynamics within the group.
a. The transition stage
b. The consolidation stage
c. The orientation stage
d. The working stage
Q:
A treatment approach that focuses on patterns of thinking and beliefs to help people become conscious of their own thoughts and behaviors so they can make positive changes is _________.
Q:
After a cathartic experience, some kind of ____________________ is often necessary to help members make new decisions based on what they have experienced emotionally.
a. emotional work
b. cognitive work
c. behavioral intervention
d. solution-focused work
Q:
The _______ is the loosely defined set of rules that pervades prisons and has its own norms and language.
Q:
Inmates with long histories of delinquent and antisocial behavior may have ________________ their antisocial behavior into prison.
Q:
Trust is best described as
a. a static entity.
b. something that ebbs and flows throughout the life of a group.
c. a linear process.
d. a rare phenomenon in group work.
Q:
Donald Clemmer's most important contribution to the world of corrections is his identification of the __________________ process.
Q:
The author believes
a. the term "cohesiveness" should be replaced with more cogent and specific alternatives.
b. cohesion is a valuable concept and that it can be a unifying force for group members.
c. cohesion is an overrated concept that is rarely evident in groups.
d. it is nottoo amorphous to serve as an adequate organizing principle for theory and research in group psychotherapy.
Q:
What was the principle finding of the Kansas City study?
a. It is significant what type of patrol model you implement.
b. There is little evidence that police patrol deters crime.
c. Patrol techniques can have a significant impact on citizens' attitudes.
d. Patrol techniques can significantly impact citizens' satisfaction with police.
Q:
Considerable overlapping of stages is common in all groups. This is especially true of movement from
a. the pregroup interview to the initial stage.
b. the initial stage to the transition stage.
c. the transition stage to the working stage.
d. the working stage to the final stage.
Q:
While there are many goals of patrol, most police experts agree that the majority of police patrol efforts are devoted to:a. crime fighting. b. order maintenance.c. responding to emergencies. d. deterring crime.
Q:
On the basis of the risk __________________ they are given, inmates are assigned to a permanent facility.
Q:
Ex-inmates may also find that going straight is an _______________ impossibility.
Q:
Jurisdictions that encourage patrol officers to aggressively arrest and detain suspicious persons experience lower crime rates than other jurisdictions that do not practice this type of policing?a. Reactive b. Neighborhood Snitchingc. Preventive d. Proactive