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Counseling
Q:
Shari is 16 years old. She used to get good grades but recently she is moody and unfocused in school and often has trouble completing tasks. She has never been in trouble with the law but she has grown up in a socioeconomically challenged situation with very little family support. No one showed up for her last parent"teacher conference and her teachers are concerned about her current situation at home.If Shari had grown up in the 1600s before there was a formal juvenile justice system, what would Shari have been considered as part of the poor laws?a. Wayward and destituteb. Child in need of supervisionc. Person in need of supervisiond. Status offender
Q:
Shari is 16 years old. She used to get good grades but recently she is moody and unfocused in school and often has trouble completing tasks. She has never been in trouble with the law but she has grown up in a socioeconomically challenged situation with very little family support. No one showed up for her last parent"teacher conference and her teachers are concerned about her current situation at home.Shari has just been taken into custody for skipping school and underage drinking. What does the juvenile system accomplish by taking her off the street?a. Voir direb. Lex talionisc. In re Gaultd. Parens patriae
Q:
Which concept helps us to explain how all human behavior fits together so that there is some consistency to actions?
a. Lifestyle
b. Ego
c. Social interest
d. Holism
Q:
What city was the first to hire and award the title of police officer to a woman in 1910?a. Chicago b. Bostonc. Los Angeles d. New York City
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a key concept of the Adlerian approach?a. Holismb. Creativity and choicec. Psychic determinismd. Teleology
Q:
Over the years, minority officers seem to be as self assured as white officers, regardless of feeling rates of job related stress and strain stemming from general police stressorsa. Lower b. Higherc. Similar d. Non-Existent
Q:
Most juvenile aftercare involves:
a. parole.
b. probation.
c. community service.
d. Counseling.
Q:
What stage in the juvenile justice process is designed to help youths make the transition from residential or institutional settings back into the community?
a. Intake
b. Detention
c. Disposition
d. Aftercare
Q:
Deinstitutionalization efforts are principally focused on _____ offenses.
a. drug
b. property
c. delinquency
d. status
Q:
Adler derived his concept of _________________ from the German word Gemeinschaftsgefhl.
a. lifestyle
b. social interest
c. family constellation
d. birth order
Q:
What term is used to describe the phenomena where black officers must deal with the expectation that they will give members of their own race a break, while at the same time they experience overt racism from their police colleagues?a. The black curtain b. Double marginalityc. Inherent role conflict d. Toxic race relations
Q:
Legal factors are at play when an officers police practices are shaped by how the department that he is part of andhow his fellow officer's act.a. Trueb. False
Q:
All of the following are goals of Adlerian group therapy EXCEPT
a. to increase self-esteem.
b. to develop social interest.
c. to establish and maintain an empathic relationship between group leader and member.
d. to help group members become more interesting socially without increasing self-esteem.
Q:
One of the core beliefs at the heart of the police culture today is that it is impossible to win the war against crime without bending the rules.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The idea that individuals are to be viewed as a unity, or an indivisible whole is known as
a. ego integrity.
b. holism.
c. self-actualization.
d. phenomenology.
Q:
Which best describes a recent reform of juvenile sentencing?
a. Some jurisdictions have passed mandatory or determinate incarceration sentences for juveniles convicted of serious felonies.
b. Making a concerted effort to remove status offenders from the juvenile justice system and restricting their entry into institutional programs.
c. Effort has been made to standardize dispositions in juvenile court.
d. All of these represent recent reforms related to juvenile sentencing.
Q:
Currently, there is not enough oversight, or policies to regulate less than lethal weapons.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a basic characteristic of the Adlerian approach to group work?
a. Establishing a therapeutic relationship
b. Analysis of individual dynamics
c. Insight
d. Developing group rapport through sharing of dreams
Q:
What happens during the fact-finding hearing?
a. Evidence is heard.
b. The offender is adjudicated.
c. A bail decision is made.
d. The case is screened by probation officers.
Q:
Who developed Adlerian group methods?
a. Viktor Frankl
b. Rudolf Dreikurs
c. Abraham Maslow
d. J. L. Moreno
Q:
To obtain a search warrant, the presiding magistrate only has to have a general idea of the reason the police want to search the property.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Adlerian approach is basically a
a. growth model; our destiny isnever fixed as we are always in the process of becoming.
b. deterministic; fixed and we are constantly struggling to become who we are destined to be.
c. linear; fulfilled when we follow a linear path to becoming the individuals we are meant to be.
d. curricular; fulfilled when we follow a pre-established curriculum that guides us to meet our life goals.
Q:
Under the _________ waiver system, the prosecutor has the discretion of filing charges for certain legislatively designated offenses in either juvenile or criminal court.
a. direct file
b. excluded offense
c. judicial
d. reverse
Q:
Adler stressed
a. the value of transference for group therapy.
b. the purposeful nature of behavior.
c. the role of biological determinants of behavior.
d. the central role of mindfulness in his theory.
Q:
Which judicial hearing in the juvenile court process is similar to arraignment in the adult system?
a. Fact-finding hearing
b. Probationary hearing
c. Initial appearance hearing
d. Disposition hearing
Q:
Suicide by cop is a term that was coined by the internal review board to denote police officers who commit employment suicide by becoming a corrupt officer and taking bribes.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Adlerian approach stresses
a. unconscious factors.
b. ego center.
c. irrational impulses.
d. inferiority and superiority, as well as social determinants of behavior.
Q:
The Supreme Court has created a "good faith exception" to the exclusionary rule which indicates that evidence is admissible in court if the police officers acted in good faith by first obtaining court approval for their search, even if the warrant they received was deficient or faulty.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In 1914, in Weeksv.UnitedStates, the Court established the exclusionary rule.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In which case did the court hold that the waiver proceeding is a critically important stage in the juvenile justice process and that juveniles must be afforded minimum requirements of due process of law at such proceedings?
a. Kent v. United States
b. McKiever v. Pennsylvania
c. Breed v. Jones
d. New Jersey v. T.L.O.
Q:
Adler developed his approach from
a. the psychoanalytic approach.
b. the behavioral approach.
c. the rational-oriented therapies.
d. all of these answers.
Q:
A(n) __________ waiver is used when the offense has been automatically waived to the adult court but the judge uses their discretion to decide whether the youth will benefit from rehabilitation?
a. judicial
b. reverse
c. excluded offense
d. intake
Q:
Adler was perhaps the first major theorist to stress a phenomenological orientation toward therapy. Explain this orientation and its application to group work.
Q:
Which best explains the recent surge in the number of juvenile detentions?
a. An increase in juvenile court cases.
b. A surge in the number of female violent offenders.
c. A surge in the number of cases involving drugs and violence.
d. All of these explain the recent surge in the number of juvenile detentions.
Q:
In a consent search, individuals waive their constitutional rights.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Once a juvenile has been taken into custody, the child has the same ____ Amendment rights to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures as an adult does.
a. First
b. Fourth
c. Fifth
d. Eighth
Q:
The Knapp Commission concluded that the vast majority of police officers involved in police corruption are meat eaters.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Social interest is a key Adlerian concept. Explain howa group canincrease social interest, and how the group is an appropriate form of intervention in light of Adlerian principles.
Q:
In the landmark case Tennessee v. Garner, the U.S. Supreme court outlawed deadly use of force by police.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Illustrate the effectiveness of the question technique.
Q:
The Supreme Court has ruled that under certain circumstances, a valid search may be conducted without a search warrant.
a. True
b. False
Q:
An adjustment for a juvenile is comparable to a(n) ____ for an adult.
a. plea bargain
b. indictment
c. trial
d. sentence
Q:
What is the most common formal sentence for juveniles?
a. Release to parental custody
b. Short-term confinement in a private juvenile facility
c. Long-term confinement in a state institution
d. Brief custody at the local jail
Q:
More than 50 percent of citizens who experience force at the hands of the police report an injury.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Explain the Acting "as if'" exercise.
Q:
Factors such as the living and working environment of the officer often affect their discretion.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A group leader's interpretations are often linked to specific group behavior that is happening in a session. Members themselves can be invited to make their own interpretations. Demonstrates the usefulness of this technique.
Q:
_____ refers to the screening of cases by the juvenile justice system.
a. Diversion
b. Waiver
c. Detention
d. Intake
Q:
Adlerian therapy was developed with a ____________ orientation.
a. Western
b. Eastern
c. Northern
d. Southern
Q:
What is considered to be the most difficult problem involving incriminatory statements made by juveniles during the course of police questioning?
a. Whether the parents have to also be advised of their Miranda rights.
b. Whether juveniles can intelligently waive their rights.
c. Whether the language of the warning is too complex for the average teenager.
d. Whether the police officer should use age-appropriate language when giving the Miranda warning.
Q:
The watchman style of policing is characterized by officers devoted to the profession of police work and who are most likely to aspire to achieve prestige, status, and rank.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which type of case is most likely to be referred to the juvenile court by the police officer?
a. A minor dispute between juveniles
b. School and neighborhood complaints
c. Cases involving violence
d. Petty shoplifting
Q:
The higher the percentage of black officers on the police force, the higher the arrest rates for crimes such as assault.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Catching oneself refers to
a. Adlerian therapists' commitment to catch themselves when they begin to lose their focus during individual or group sessions.
b. a universal goal in Adlerian therapy.
c. a technique that is used by Adlerians involving helping individuals identify signals associated with their problematic behavior or emotions.
d. a gimmick that novice group counselors use to get members to focus on their goals.
Q:
A concept that that has great significance for group counseling in schools is _______________________, which involves empathy, concern for others, cooperation, the ability to listen well, belonging, mutuality, and relatedness to others.
a. social interest
b. lifestyle
c. fictional finalism
d. private logic
Q:
The _________________________ process typically provides a brief course in multiculturalism during which the client teaches the therapist about his or her culture.
a. socioteleological
b. reorientation and reeducation
c. lifestyle assessment
d. screening
Q:
Compare and contrast problem-oriented policing and community policing.
Q:
About how many juvenile cases are processed and treated annually?
a. 0.5 million
b. 1.0 million
c. 1.5 million
d. 2.0 million
Q:
During the __________________ stage, emphasis is on the individual in his or her social and cultural context; the therapist allows salient cultural identity concepts to emerge and attends to a client's personal meaning of culture.
a. establishing and maintaining cohesive relationships with members
b. analysis and assessment
c. awareness and insight
d. reorientation and reeducation
Q:
Discuss the concept of community policing. How effective have these programs been in reducing crime and improving community-law enforcement relations?
Q:
Which is a difference between juvenile and adult justice systems?
a. Discretion is used by police officers, judges, and correctional personnel.
b. The right to receive the Miranda warning.
c. Community treatment as a sentencing option.
d. The constitutional right to a jury trial in all states.
Q:
During the _________________ stage, members put insight into action, making new choices that are more consistent with their desired goals.
a. establishing and maintaining cohesive relationships with members
b. analysis and assessment
c. awareness and insight
d. reorientation and reeducation
Q:
The juvenile court labels ungovernable, habitually disobedient, and truant children to be:
a. status offenders.
b. juvenile delinquents.
c. chancery children.
d. deprived children.
Q:
Explain the three key points to Wilson and Kelling's broken windows model. Elaborate on how the move to community policing reflects the move from a purely crime-control model to one that encompasses elements of rehabilitation and restorative justice.
Q:
Adler favored the _________________ perspective: humans live by goals and purposes.
a. deterministic
b. postmodern
c. teleological
d. theological
Q:
Which of the following is false?
a. The Supreme Court has established the right of juveniles to receive due process of law.
b. Juveniles do not have the right to confront witnesses at trial.
c. Juveniles committing status offenses are not usually placed in secure detention facilities.
d. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 sought to deinstitutionalize status offenders.
Q:
There is empirical evidence that_______Community-oriented policing efforts can reduce disorder and impact the crime rate.
Q:
The Adlerian therapeutic relationship is one between
a. social equals.
b. healer and patient.
c. superior and inferior human beings.
d. expert and novice.
Q:
What impact did the Supreme Court have on the juvenile justice system in the 1960s and 1970s?
a. It adopted a hands-off approach on most legal issues.
b. It adopted a conservative ideology that stressed victims' rights and punishment.
c. It adopted a liberal ideology that stressed a need for growth in program scope.
d. It radically altered the juvenile justice system through ruling that established due process rights for juveniles that rivaled those in the adult court system.
Q:
_____integrates information from different jurisdictions into a single database that detectives can access when working on investigations.
Q:
The approach of the early American juvenile court is best described as:
a. paternalistic
b. adversarial
c. investigative
d. due process oriented
Q:
. policing strategies require police agencies to identify particular long-term community issues and to develop strategies to eliminate these issues.
Q:
Modern development of legally separating adult and juvenile offenders can be traced to two developments in English custom law, one is?
a. Legal rights of juveniles
b. Parens patriae
c. Psychological treatment of youth
d. The need for judicial waiver
Q:
Gary has been re-assigned to a patrol unit that is focused on reducing youth crime by saturating the area with police officers. What type of policing has Gary become part of?a. community oriented policing b. hot spot policingc. aggressive policingd. problem oriented policing
Q:
With regard to group members' feelings of inferiority
a. it is best to avoid mentioning them since members would most likely leave the group feeling discouraged if they became a topic of discussion.
b. it is useful to explore the basis of these feeling as well as members' current strategies for managing them.
c. they rarely serve as a motivating force.
d. they rarely serve as a motivating force and it is best to avoid mentioning them since members would most likely leave the group feeling discouraged if they became a topic of discussion.
Q:
The time-in-rank system used in police departments often discourages the:a. recruitment and hiring of college-educated officers.b. recruitment and hiring of minority officers.c. transfer of experienced officers to other departments.d. use of a military-like organizational structure.
Q:
In the Adlerian group, interpretation is
a. a technique that facilitates the process of gaining insight into one's style of life.
b. focused on the there-and-then.
c. not related to the lifestyle.
d. always about one's birth order.
Q:
The Adlerian view of insight is that
a. personality is not changed unless there is insight.
b. insight is a necessary prerequisite for behavioral change.
c. insight is understanding translated into constructive action.
d. insight always follows a release of intense feelings.
Q:
In its early form, what was the burden of proof for verdicts handed down by the juvenile court?
a. Beyond a reasonable doubt
b. Reasonable suspicion
c. Beyond a preponderance of evidence
d. Absolute certainty
Q:
Which 19th century program was similar to a modern foster home?
a. The House of Refuge
b. The Children's Aid Society
c. The Child Savers United Agency
d. The typical house of reformation