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Counseling
Q:
Social cognitive career theory has addressed the concern that many women have about their ability to be successful in
a. art.
b. English.
c. math
d. psychology.
Q:
As Glenda, an 8 year old second grade student thinks about occupations she is, according to Gottfredson, most likely to be influenced by orientation to
a. concrete operations.
b. size and power.
c. gender roles.
d. social valuation.
Q:
According to social cognitive career theorists, which of these factors is most likely to have the greatest affect on career choice?
a. abilities
b. beliefs about self
c. interests
d. values
Q:
Which of the following is NOT one of Gottfredson's stages of career development?
a. concrete operations
b. focus on prestige
c. orientation to size and power
d. orientation to sex roles
Q:
Providing a support rather than a barrier to clients who struggle with career choice issues is a counseling technique used by this theory.
a. Holland's theory
b. Krumboltz's social learning theory
c. social cognitive career theory
d. work adjustment theory
Q:
Fred is seven and would like to be a professional baseball player. He sees this as something that can happen quite soon. According to Super, he has yet to develop
a. external control.
b. planfulness.
c. problem solving.
d. time perspective.
Q:
An example of a counseling approach that is especially associated with social cognitive career theory is
a. inquiring about planned happenstance.
b. estimating chances that barriers may be encountered.
c. using a life chapters exercise.
d. reinforcing client progress.
Q:
According to Super, the development of interests in children is an outgrowth of
a. career maturity.
b. exploration.
c. problem solving.
d. time perspective.
Q:
An example of a counseling approach that is especially associated with social cognitive career theory is
a. asking questions.
b. exploring feelings of low self-efficacy.
c. interpreting inventories.
d. reinforcing client progress.
Q:
Fiona is in the second grade. Which of the following is least likely to be a key figure for her?
a. mother
b. professional athlete
c. teacher
d. younger sister
Q:
According to social cognitive career theory, which of the following could be a proximal influence to choice behavior?
a. goal
b. outcome
c. self-efficacy
d. support
Q:
Leon is 7 years old. Which of the following is MOST likely to be a key figure for Leon?
a. father
b. friend
c. younger sister
d. younger brother
Q:
According to social cognitive career theory, which of the following could be a proximal influence to choice behavior?
a. barrier
b. goal
c. outcome
d. self-efficacy
Q:
The stage of industry verses inferiority is associated with the work of
a. Erikson.
b. Piaget.
c. Super.
d. Holland
Q:
According to social cognitive career theory, which of these is a model that has been developed? A social cognitive model of
a. personality
b. relationships
c. unity
d. work and life satisfaction
Q:
Burton is able to describe some of the duties of a nurse, according to Howard and Walsh, he is probably at this stage of vocational reasoning.
a. exploration
b. information
c. external activities
d. pure association
Q:
According to social cognitive career theory, which of these is a model that has been developed? A social cognitive model of
a. energy
b. relationships
c. performance
d. story telling
Q:
According to Super, which one of these types of childhood behavior is most likely to negatively affect career maturity?
a, curiosity
b. disobedience
c. unruliness
d. withdrawal
Q:
Which of the following is an example of a contextual influence proximal to choice behavior as described by social cognitive career theory?
a. having a supportive boss in your current job
b. having a second grade teacher ridicule you
c. being encouraged as a child by your grandmother
d. growing up in a bilingual community
Q:
Using Super's theory, one of the best ways for elementary guidance counselors to work on career development issues with six year old children is to encourage
a. curiosity.
b. planfulness.
c. problem solving.
d. time perspective.
Q:
Which of the following is an example of a contextual influence proximal to choice behavior as described by social cognitive career theory?
a. being raised by a grandparent
b. being exposed to racism in elementary school
c. not having enough money to pay for tuition this semester
d. being told as a child that certain occupations are not open to people of your gender
Q:
When 5 year old Alicia says that she wants to be a nurse because she likes the white uniform, she is probably at this stage of Howard and Walsh's vocational reasoning:
a. interests.
b. time perspective.
c. magical thinking
d. external activities.
Q:
Which of the following is a background contextual factor as described by social cognitive career theory?
a. currently living in Arizona
b. being laid of one's job last week
c. mother having cancer when client was 8
d. a co-worker who is a poor role model.
Q:
When 5-year- old Erin says she wants to be a doctor, her choice most likely represents _____________ according to Howard and Walsh.
a. interest
b. planfulness
c. magical thinking
d. external activities
Q:
Which of the following is a background contextual factor as described by social cognitive career theory?
a. financial support for current education
b. getting a poor elementary school education
c. few part time opportunities for jobs in your field
d. a poor labor market in your area
Q:
According to Howard and Walsh, which of the following is the first level of vocational reasoning?
a. interest
b. pure association
c. magical thinking
d. external activities
Q:
According to social cognitive career theory, lack of career self-efficacy in an individual can lead to being to try career tasks.
a. called.
b. discouraged
c. encouraged.
d. required
Q:
According to Super, a drive that is basic to the development of career exploration in children is
a. aggression.
b. curiosity.
c. self-actualization.
d. self-efficacy.
Q:
Which of the following theories is most concerned with career issues that affect culturally diverse populations?
a. social cognitive career theory
b. Holland's theory
c. Krumboltz's social learning theory
d. work adjustment theory
Q:
The concept of developmental change throughout life is associated with one of these theories.
a. Holland's theory
b. Myers-Briggs type theory
c. Super's developmental theory
d. work adjustment theory
Q:
Which of the following theories is most concerned with career issues that affect women?
a. social cognitive career theory
b. Holland's theory
c. Krumboltz's social learning theory
d. work adjustment theory
Q:
Which of the following theories emphasizes a subjective rather than external view of the self?
a. Holland's theory
b. social learning theory
c. Super's developmental theory
d. work adjustment theory
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a part of social cognitive career theory?
a. choice goals
b. associative learning experiences
c. interests
d. outcome expectations
Q:
The central concept in Super's developmental theory is
a. education.
b. personality.
c. self-concept.
d. work adjustment.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a part of social cognitive career theory?
a. choice goals
b. energy
c. interests
d. outcome expectations
Q:
Oppression that some culturally diverse peoples experience, may lead to , according to Myers-Briggs type theory.
a. development of an inappropriate dominant function
b. development of introversion
c. falsification of type
d. rejection of interpretations of the MBTI
Q:
Tim has decided that he wants to go to graduate school to become a ceramic engineer. According to social cognitive career theory he is demonstrating his
a. goals.
b. instrumental learning experiences.
c. outcome expectations.
d. self-efficacy concerns.
Q:
In which of the following theories is the measurement instrument most closely tied to the theory itself?
a. general trait and factor theory
b. Holland's theory
c. Myers-Briggs type theory
d. work adjustment theory
Q:
Bonita has decided that she wants to become a chemical engineer. According to social cognitive career theory she is demonstrating her
a. goals.
b. instrumental learning experiences.
c. outcome expectations.
d. self-efficacy concerns.
Q:
If a counselor works with a client whose Myers-Briggs type is INTP and works with the client to develop F or feeling in the client, the counselor is working with the
a. auxiliary function.
b. dominant or strongest function.
c. exterior function.
d. inferior or weakest function.
Q:
Janice is concerned about what will happen if she accepts a new job with an environmental engineering firm. According to social cognitive career theory, she is concerned with
a. goals.
b. instrumental learning experiences.
c. outcome expectations.
d. self-efficacy concerns.
Q:
The dominant process for an individual with a Myers-Briggs type of ESTP would be
a. E
b. S
c. T
d. P
Q:
Terrell is concerned about whether he will be admitted into a law school. According to social cognitive career theory, he is concerned with
a. associative learning experiences.
b. goals.
c. outcome expectations.
d. self-efficacy concerns.
Q:
The dominant process for an individual with a Myers-Briggs type of ENFJ would be
a. E
b. N
c. F
d. J
Q:
According to social cognitive career theory, Arlene's concern about her difficulty in learning new language skills is an example of
a. a goal statement.
b. associative learning.
c. outcome expectations.
d. self-efficacy concerns.
Q:
When interpreting the Myers-Briggs type code of ISFx, which letter would tell you about the client's style of judging?
a. I
b. S
c. F
d. R
Q:
According to social cognitive career theory, Tom's concern about his difficulty in learning biology is an example of
a. a goal statement.
b. associative learning.
c. outcome expectations.
d. self-efficacy concerns.
Q:
When interpreting the Myers-Briggs type code of ENTx, which letter would tell you about the client's style of judging?
a. E
b. N
c. F
d. T
Q:
Which of the following theories most emphasizes behavioral processes?
a. Holland's theory
b. Krumboltz's social learning theory
c. social cognitive career theory
d. Tiedeman's career decision-making theory
Q:
Candice has been thinking about her uncomfortable work situation for a long time. She feels that her supervisor has little regard for her opinion and ideas. However, she does not discuss this with anyone. According to Myers-Briggs type theory, Candice is primarily using one of these functions.
a. extraversion
b. introversion
c. judgment
d. perception
Q:
Which of the following theories most emphasizes cognitive processes?
a. Savickas's career construction theory
b. Holland's theory
c. social cognitive career theory
d. Tiedeman's career decision-making theory
Q:
Carlos has been thinking about his career choice for a long time. He imagines himself in a variety of occupations, but never talks to others about his ideas. According to Myers-Briggs type theory, Carlos is primarily using one of these functions.
a. extraversion
b. introversion
c. judgment
d. perception
Q:
According to Krumboltz, which of the following is NOT a counseling method for dealing with chance events?
a. Assist clients to transform curiosity into opportunities for learning and exploration.
b. Assist clients to develop a sense of self-efficacy.
c. Teach clients to produce desirable chance events.
d. Teach clients to overcome blocks to actions
Q:
Shiela is very active. A tenth grader, she enjoys community service and is frequently visiting friends. . According to Myers-Briggs type theory, Shiela is primarily using one of these functions.
a. extraversion
b. introversion
c. judgment
d. perception
Q:
According to Krumboltz, which of the following is not a counseling method for dealing with chance events?
a. Assist clients to transform curiosity into opportunities for learning and exploration.
b. Assist clients to develop harmony and unity in their lives.
c. Teach clients to produce desirable chance events.
d. Teach clients to overcome blocks to actions.
Q:
Brian likes to be active, to talk with and interact with the other accountants that he works with. According to Myers-Briggs type theory, Brian is primarily using one of these functions.
a. extraversion
b. introversion
c. judgment
d. perception
Q:
Which of the following is NOT an important aspect of happenstance learning theory?
a. flexibility
b. persistence
c. risk taking
d. self-efficacy
Q:
According to Myers-Briggs type theory introversion is associated with
a. a concern about the welfare of others.
b. being anti-social.
c. being shy and quiet.
d. focusing on one's inner world.
Q:
George has said: My football coach has suggested that I look for an athletic scholarship at a major university for next year. According to Phillips's developmental career relational model, this is an example ofa. forced guidance.b. insecure use of others.c. push/nudge.d. unconditional support.
Q:
_____ is the transmission of sexually explicit information over the Internet.
Q:
Some communities hire _____, who provide counseling and a security presence in school buildings.
Q:
Community-based options include ______, in which juvenile offenders live with families, usually for a short period, and group homes, often privately run facilities for groups of 12-20 juvenile offenders.
Q:
____ are responsible for a significant amount of delinquency in communities and also have thrived within correctional facilities.
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court case of _____ extended due process rights to juveniles.
Q:
______ ruled that juvenile offenders cannot be sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole (LWOP) for non-homicide crimes.
Q:
The process of determining whether a juvenile is guilty of a crime is known as ______.
Q:
A(n)____ hearing is a hearing by the juvenile court to determine if a juvenile should be detained or released prior to adjudication.
Q:
The process of screening children out of the juvenile justice system without a court decision is called ______.
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in ______ that school officials may search a student if reasonable suspicion exists.
Q:
In 1979, in the case of _____, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a child may waive his or her right to an attorney and his or her right to remain silent.
Q:
A child who is not receiving proper care because of action or inaction by his or her parent is considered a(n) _____ child.
Q:
A child who committed an act that if committed by an adult would be criminal is considered a(n) ______.
Q:
The punitive era of juvenile justice (from 1980 to the present) is known as the _____ period.
Q:
A(n) _____ is any act committed by a juvenile that is considered unacceptable for a child but is not considered a crime for an adult.
Q:
The first law pertaining to juveniles in the United States was called the Massachusetts ______ Law.
Q:
The _____ period of juvenile justice viewed the offending child as evil.
Q:
The doctrine of _______ means the state is the parent and guardian of all citizens who are unable to protect themselves.
Q:
During the ______ period, the focus of reformers was on the children of immigrants.
Q:
Juveniles who harass or intimidate other juveniles using cell phones, email, and the Internet are engaging in _____.
Q:
Curfew violations and loitering are referred to as _____ crimes.