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Q:
Which view of crime contends that the definition of crime is subjective?
a. Conflict
b. Interactionist
c. Consensus
d. Constructionist
Q:
Which view of crime contends that there are moral entrepreneurs who want to control behaviorsthey view as immoral or wrong?
a. Conflict
b. Interactionist
c. Consensus
d. Constructionist
Q:
Surveys tend to be strong on reliability and .
Q:
Which view of crime promotes that there is a class struggle between the rich and the poor?
a. Conflict
b. Interactionist
c. Consensus
d. Constructionist
Q:
One technique borrowed from market research is the group which uses somewhere between 8 and 15 people.
Q:
Which laws require that convicted felons spend a significant portion of their sentence behindbars?
a. Three-strike laws
b. Habitual offender laws
c. Mandatory sentencing laws
d. Truth-in-Sentencing laws
Q:
A(n) is frequently required for eliciting responses to open-ended questions.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the relationship between age and crime?
a. Kids who are persistent offenders begin committing crimes during adolescence.
b. Kids who are persistent offenders continue a stable pattern of offending activities during lateadolescence.
c. Kids who are persistent offenders begin a rapid acceleration of crime in adulthood.
d. Early starters tend to commit more crimes and are more likely to continue to be involved incriminality over a longer period of crime.
Q:
questionnaires are generally the least expensive and easiest to complete.
Q:
Which statement regarding the relationship between age and crime is true?
a. Elderly males are predominantly arrested for alcohol-related matters such as publicdrunkenness and drunk driving.
b. There is no relationship between age and crime.
c. Age is positively related to criminality.
d. The elderly make up less than 1% of all arrestees.
Q:
Respondents may develop a set or pattern of answering when answering matrix questions.
Q:
Which of the following is not an explanation regarding gender differences in the crime rate?
a. Males are stronger and better able to commit violence.
b. Hormones make men more aggressive.
c. Girls are socialized to be less aggressive.
d. Girls are granted greater personal freedom.
Q:
If you want to ask several questions that have the same set of answer categories, the best type of question to use is the ____________________ question.
Q:
The peak age for property crime is 16; and the peak age for violent crime is:
a. 16.
b. 18.
c. 21.
d. 25.
Q:
Subsequent questions in series are called questions.
Q:
Which region of the United States has the highest rates of property crimes and violent crimes?
a. Northeast
b. Midwest
c. South
d. Northwest
Q:
When we ask people for information they will respond using a filter of what will make them look good, which is known as social ____________________.
Q:
When a researcher asks respondents for a single answer to a combination question their question is said to be
____________________.
Q:
In which season do the greatest numbers of reported crimes occur?
a. Summer
b. Fall
c. Spring
d. Winter
Q:
If the respondent must select an answer from among a list provided by the researcher, they are answering
____________________ questions.
Q:
What is the name of the effect stating that the values held by the baby boomers will influencethe behavior of all citizens, even crime-prone teens?
a. Apathy
b. Contagion
c. Permissiveness
d. Relativity
Q:
Which of the following is false regarding alternative crime measures?
a. Cohort data involve observing over time a group of people who share certaincharacteristics.
b. Meta-analysis involves gathering data from a number of previous studies.
c. Sometimes criminologists conduct controlled experiments to collect data on the cause ofcrime.
d. Data mining creates a graphical representations of the spatial geography of crime.
Q:
When the respondent is asked to provide his or her own answers to questions, they are answering
____________________ questions.
Q:
Which of the following make surveys a good choice for doing research?
a. surveys can be given only once to the same population because they will learn from the prior survey
b. there are many methods of surveys that can be used with any given population
c. survey research is appropriate only for exploratory research
d. surveys have strong validity
Q:
Self-report surveys are conducted most often on which of the following groups?
a. Juveniles
b. Death row inmates
c. Prisoners
d. Police officers
Q:
Which type of study provides information on the personal characteristics of offenders, such astheir attitudes, values, beliefs, and psychological profiles?
a. NIBRS
b. UCR
c. Self-report studies
d. Victimization surveys
Q:
With respect to telephone interviews, which of the following does not represent a problem for the researcher?
a. caller ID, which is common now in many households, may reduce the number of subjects that answer their phones
b. telephone surveys may reduce the risk to the researcher who would otherwise have to go door-to-door
c. telephone surveys are limited to those people with home phones
d. people can hang up, thus increasing the number of calls you must make
Q:
Which of the following is not an example of an advantage of computer assisted in-person interviews?
a. responses can be quickly entered into data files for analysis
b. complex questions can be automated
c. questions can be programmed in different languages
d. there is no opportunity for follow-up questions
Q:
Which of the following is not a problem associated with the National Crime VictimizationSurvey (NCVS)?
a. Overreporting due to victim's misrepresentation of events
b. Incomplete acts lumped together with completed acts
c. Underreporting stemming from the embarrassment of reporting crime
d. Sampling errors that produce a group of respondents who do not represent the nation as awhole
Q:
One of the most important sources of self-report data is the _____ study, conducted annuallyusing approximately 2,500 high school seniors.
a. Monitoring the Future
b. Juvenile Arrest
c. National Center for Information about Crime
d. Juvenile Social Survey
Q:
What is an important consideration to think about when mailing questionnaires?
a. people don"t like to have their name and address associated with the answers they give on a questionnaire
b. timing
c. people may not get their mail in time to return the questionnaire
d. people generally will not complete questionnaires
Q:
Spree killers:
a. Are motivated by the quest for drug profits and street power.
b. Kill many victims in a single violent outburst.
c. Spread their murderous outburst over a few days or weeks.
d. Kill over a long period of time but typically assume a "normal" identity between murders.
Q:
Which of the following represent special problems when giving a self-report questionnaire to an incarcerated population?
a. inmates will admit to criminal acts they have not been charged with
b. inmates may be reluctant to admit committing crimes because of legal consequences.
c. inmates may have limited reading ability and that would influence their ability to answer questions.
d. you may not have considered all the potential responses
Q:
Which crime listed below is not reported in Part I or Part II of the offense section of theUCR?
a. Drug offenses
b. Traffic violations
c. Liquor law violations
d. Sex offenses
Q:
Which of the following questions is best for a survey?
a. What grade did you get in your last criminal justice course and why did you get it?
b. If you did not do as well in your last criminal justice course was it because of the teacher, the book, the time the class was offered, or what?
c. What grade do you expect to get in research methods?
d. Why did you miss class so many times during the last semester and were your grades impacted by the misses or was it a good trade-off because you were doing things for your school organization?
Q:
Which of the following is considered official crime data collected by the FBI?
a. National Crime Victimization Survey
b. Self-report surveys
c. Uniform Crime Report
d. Bureau of Justice Statistics
Q:
How has NCVS broadened the scope of the responses it gets from the surveys?
a. it has asked more questions about demographic information
b. it has reduced unimportant questions and added more questions about victimization
c. it has included questions dealing with police-public contacts in order to assess experiences during traffic stops
d. it has questions concerning the relationship with the offender
Q:
Since 1995, the number of arrests for prostitution has:
a. Increased significantly.
b. Decreased.
c. Remained stable.
d. Increased slightly.
Q:
Which of the following is a public order crime?
a. Prostitution
b. Embezzlement
c. Domestic violence
d. Hate speech
Q:
In all but which of the following situations would a survey be the appropriate method of gathering data?
a. assessing the community's attitudes about community policing
b. interviews with offenders in prison
c. evaluation of a new law that your state legislature is proposing
d. assessing the opinions of prosecutors and judges about court docket delays
Q:
Which of the following crimes is not included in the Uniform Crime Report's list of Part I orindex crimes?
a. Criminal homicide
b. Motor vehicle theft
c. Simple assault
d. Arson
Q:
Specialized interviewing will consist of which of the following?
a. the interview schedule is less structured than sample surveys
b. uses general guide that includes topics, issues, etc.
c. questions are not presented in a standardized order
d. all the above
Q:
According to the _______ view of crime, behaviors that become crimes are essentially harmfulto a majority of citizens and therefore there is general agreement regarding which behaviorsneed to be controlled.
a. Conflict
b. Interactionist
c. Consensus
d. Constructionist
Q:
Which of the following is accurate with respect to specialized interviewing?
a. concerned only the views and opinions of those individuals who are interviewed
b. concerned with the interview technique
c. only concerned with generalizing to the general public
d. ask questions of a large number of subjects
Q:
Discuss the attrition of criminal cases by explaining the criminal justice funnel.
Q:
The National Crime Victimization Survey is an example of which type of survey research?
a. targeted victim survey
b. self-report study
c. attitudinal survey
d. survey of beliefs
Q:
When follow-ups are planned with mail surveys:
a. response bias is not an issue
b. the anonymity of respondents is not guaranteed
c. the response rate increases
d. none of the above
Q:
Which of the following would is an accepted method for increasing response rates in mailed surveys?
a. go to the respondents home and pick up the questionnaire
b. include a self addressed stamped envelope
c. contact the non-respondents by telephone
d. send out only one original mailing with no follow ups
Q:
Explain the five unifying principles associated with evidence-based justice and provide examples of each.
Q:
Discuss the scope of the contemporary criminal justice system.
Q:
Discuss through the use of examples why ethics are important at each stage of the criminal justice system.
Q:
The following is an example of which type of question? Q1: Have you ever protested against the death penalty?
- yes
- no If you answer yes, go to Q2
Q2: Where did the protest take place? __________________
a. closed ended question
b. open ended question
c. matrix question
d. contingency question
Q:
"What is your gender? male female" is an example of which type of question?
a. closed ended question
b. open ended question
c. matrix question
d. contingency question
Q:
Discuss the responsibilities of the three branches of government and how they impact the criminal justice system.
Q:
Discuss the nonintervention perspective and the restorative justice perspective on criminal justice.
Q:
"What is your opinion on the death penalty?" is an example of which type of question?
a. closed ended question
b. open ended question
c. matrix question
d. contingency question
Q:
Which of the following is not an advantage of telephone surveys?
a. respondents are eager to participate
b. they save time and money compared to face-to-face interviews
c. there is greater control over data collection
d. researchers' appearance is not important
Q:
In contrast to interviews, self-administered questionnaires have the advantages of:
a. being more effective in dealing with complicated issues
b. producing fewer incomplete questionnaires
c. dealing with the context of social life
d. handling sensitive issues more effectively if surveys are anonymous
Q:
List and discuss the levels of Walker's "wedding cake" model of justice.
Q:
Compare and contrast the crime control perspective of criminal justice withthe due process perspective ofcriminal justice.
Q:
In general, survey research is:
a. strong on reliability and strong on validity
b. strong on reliability and weak on validity
c. weak on reliability and strong on validity
d. weak on reliability and weak on validity
Q:
In general, the longer a potential respondent delays replying:
a. the more valid their response will be because they are taking their time completing the survey
b. the more likely they will respond
c. the less likely they will respond
d. the less valid their response will be
Q:
Discuss the criminal justice system as an assembly-line model and the potential negative consequences of thison society.
Q:
Discuss the steps in the formal criminal justice system.
Q:
What would be considered the minimum level for an adequate response rate for analysis and reporting of questionnaires?
a. 30 %
b. 40%
c. 50%
d. 75%
Q:
Describe the main components of the contemporary criminal justice system.
Q:
Probably the most important ability for interviewers to have is the ability to:
a. dress in a fashion that is similar to the people being interviewed
b. determine very quickly the kind of person the respondent will feel most comfortable with
c. rephrase questions so that they make sense to the respondent
d. all of the above
Q:
Focus groups are most useful
a. when precise generalization to a larger population is essential and the focus groups' participants and the larger
population are relatively heterogeneous
b. when precise generalization to a larger population is essential and the focus groups' participants and the larger
population are relatively homogeneous
c. when precise generalization to a larger population is not necessary and the focus groups' participants and the
larger population are relatively homogeneous
d. when precise generalization to a larger population is not necessary and the focus group participants and the larger population are relatively heterogeneous
Q:
Utilizing the concept of evidence-based justice discuss, which criminal justice programs are effectiveinreducing crime rates and offender recidivism.
Q:
How was crime present following the Civil War in the West?
Q:
A reason why you should not contract with a professional firm for a survey might be that
a. drawing a sample is a complex process
b. they already have a pool of trained researchers
c. they may be trained in the intricacies of questionnaire construction
d. you are never sure if they follow the survey as you would
Q:
In Florida, Chapter 782.04 of the Florida State Statutes explains the crime of murder. Section 1 of thestatute reads: 782.04 Murder.(1)(a) The unlawful killing of a human being: When perpetrated from apremeditated design to effect the death of the person killed or any human being.Which agency in the criminal justice system is responsible for the adjudication of the case if Samantha has beenarrested and charged with the crime of murder?A. PoliceB. CourtsC. CorrectionsD. Legislature
Q:
Your research methods class has been given the assignment to measure the student body of your university with respect to their attitudes about the death penalty. To ensure equal representation of undergraduates, graduate students and all majors, what sampling technique would you use? How would you go about pulling that sample? What would you need to know before that sample is pulled?
Q:
In Florida, Chapter 782.04 of the Florida State Statutes explains the crime of murder. Section 1 of thestatute reads: 782.04 Murder.(1)(a) The unlawful killing of a human being:When perpetrated from apremeditated design to effect the death of the person killed or any human being.Which branch of government is responsible for enforcing this statue?A. LegislativeB. JudicialC. ExecutiveD. Police
Q:
Use the city that your university is located in for this question. You have been given a grant to study the citizens' attitudes to your university with respect to noise, traffic, and minor property crimes. How would you draw a multistage cluster sample that would be representative of your city?
Q:
In Florida, Chapter 782.04 of the Florida State Statutes explains the crime of murder. Section 1 of thestatute reads: 782.04 Murder.(1)(a) The unlawful killing of a human being:When perpetrated from apremeditated design to effect the death of the person killed or any human being.Which branch of government defined this law, determined that this is conduct that is prohibited, and establishedthe criminal penalties for those who violate this law?A. LegislativeB. JudicialC. ExecutiveD. Correctional
Q:
You are asked to do a study on the traffic on your campus. As part of this study you have been asked to identify the frequency of speeding by those using the campus roads. What type of sample would you use? How would you pull that sample?
Q:
Johnny was arrested for robbery. In his state robbery, is a second-degree felony, and Johnny can besentenced to up to 20 years in prison. Johnny has never been arrested before and is not familiar with thecriminal justice system.Johnny was presented with the option of a reduction of his charges from a robbery to a burglary, and a sentence of5 years in prison instead of 20. This is an example of a plea bargain. What percentage of criminal cases are settledwith a plea bargain?A. 25B. 50C. 70D. 90
Q:
Identify and discuss the different probability and nonprobability sampling methods discussed in the text.
Q:
Johnny was arrested for robbery. In his state robbery, is a second-degree felony, and Johnny can besentenced to up to 20 years in prison. Johnny has never been arrested before and is not familiar with thecriminal justice system.
In some jurisdictions, the grand jury will determine whether there is sufficient evidence to support the continuedprosecution of a suspect. If the grand jury, in Johnny's case, determines there is sufficient evidence they willissue a true bill of:
A. attainder
B. certiorari
C. indictment
D. prosecution